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定语从句讲解及练习一．定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有：关系代词that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)关系副词where,when、why关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(3)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主语)(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做宾语)4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(5)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主语)(6)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?(在句子中做宾语)5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(5)Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?三．关系副词的用法：1.when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语IthappnedinNovemberwhentheweatherwaswetandcold.2.where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中做地点状语Let’slookforaplacewherewecanswim.3.why指原因，其先行词常是reason，在句中做原因状语Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyheisoftenlateforschool.关系代词只用that,不用which的情况1.先行词为：all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much等不定代词时。Hetoldmeeverythingthatheknows.2.先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时Allthebooksthatyouofferedhasbeengivenout.3.先行词有形容词最高级或序数词修饰，或先行词本身就是最高级或序数词时。ThisisthebestnovelthatIhaveeverread.4.先行词既指人又指物时。Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremembered.5.先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时。Heistheonlymanthatcandothework.6.句中已经有who或which,为了避免重复时，Whoisthegirlthatisdrawingapicture?定语从句练习用关系代词填空：that、which、who、whom、whose1.Thisistheman________wantstoseeyou.2.Thestudent___________answeredthequestionisZhangHua.3.Theman__________youwenttoseehascome.4.Theman___________Imetyesterdaylentmesomemoney.5.Thewoman_______________yousawisourgeographyteacher.6.Therunner________________youareaskingaboutisoverthere.7.Theperson______________youshouldwritetoisMr.Ball.8.Theman___________waspassingbysawwhathappened.9.Hereisthepen_________youlostthedaybeforeyesterday.10.Thesebooks_____________youlentmewereveryuseful.11.Thestorybook____________Ihavejustreadcannotbeeasilyforgotten.12.Aclockisamachine______tellspeoplethetime.13.Thisisshirt___________Iboughtyesterday.14.Adictionaryisabook________givesthemeaningtotheword.15.Thebook____________isonthetableismine.16.Thefilm____________theyaretalkingaboutisveryinteresting.17.Iwillneverforgetthepeopleandtheplaces_____Ihaveevervisited.18.Isthereanyone____________familyisinBeijing?19.Showmetheboy______________motherisawell-knownsinger.20.Theboy______fatherisateacherisgoodatEnglish.单项选择()1.YourteacherofChineseisayounglady____comesfromBeijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose()2.What’sthenameoftheprogram________.A.whicharelisteningB.youarelisteningtoC.tothatyouarelisteningD.thatyouarelistening()3.Thestudentswereallinterested____youtoldthemyesterday.A.inwhichB.inthatthisC.allthatD.ineverything()4.Hewastheonlypersoninhisoffice______wasinvited.A.whomB.whoseC.thatD.which()5.Thisisthemuseum______wevisitedlastyear.A.whereB.inwhichC.whichD.inthat()6.Charlietoldhismotherall____hadhappened.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who()7.Doyouknowthestudent_____?A.whomIoftentalkB.withwhoIoftentalkC.IoftentalkwithD.thatIoftentalk()8.Ilikethehouse_____windowsfacesouth.A.whoseB.who’sC.it'sD.its()9.Wouldyoutellmewheretogetthedictionary_____?A.whatIneedB.IneedC.whichIneeditD.thatIneedit()10.Theyoungwoman_____Ispokejustnowisayoungdoctor.A.whoB.towhomC.whomD.that()11．Didyoufindthenotebook______Jimhadgivenmeformybirthday?A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose()12.That'sall______Ihaveseenandheard.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.what()13.Haveyouseentheman_____planweweretalkingabout______yesterday?A.who,themB.its,themC.whose,/D.whose,them()14.TheOscarisoneofthefilmprizes____offeredtoanyChineseactororactresssofar.A.whicharenotB.thathavenotbeenC.thathasnotD.thathasnotbeen()15.Heneverreadsanything______isnotworthreading.A.thatB.asC.whoD.which()16.Theman________coatisblackiswaitingatthegate.A.who'sB.whoseC.thatD.ofwhich()17._________cleanstheclassroomcangohomefirst.A.AnyoneB.thosewhoC.HoweverD.Theonewho()18.Thepolicecaughttheman_______stolemyhandbag.A.heB.thatC.whomD.which()19.Thegirl________isreadingunderthetree________mysister.A.which,isB.whom,wasC.who,isD.who,was()20.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishteacher_______lovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which