冠词知识点讲解

整理文档很辛苦,赏杯茶钱您下走!

免费阅读已结束,点击下载阅读编辑剩下 ...

阅读已结束,您可以下载文档离线阅读编辑

资源描述

冠词一、不定冠词1.不定冠词a和an,一般用来修饰单数可数名词。a用在发音以辅音音素的名词之前,an则用在发音以元音音素的名词之前。如:astudent,anorange。注意:1)以元音字母U字母开头的词:anumbrella/unhappyfamily/unusualchildausefulbook/university/UFO/uniform2)以辅音字母H字母开头的词:Anhonestboy/hourAhistorybook/horse3)以元音字母E字母开头的词:English/eggEuropean4)以元音因素开头的字母:m/f/h/x/8/sEg:Thereisan“m”intheword“mouth”.The“h”intheword“hour”isnotpronounced.2.不定冠词指表示某一类人或某事物中的任何一个,第一次提到某人或某物时,1)用于可数名词单数前,表示某一类人或事物(相当于any+n.)Eg:Ahorseisausefulanimal.Astudentshouldstudyhard.2)泛指某一类人或事物中的一个Eg:Iamastudent./Givemeapen,please.3)指某人或某物,但不具体说明何人或何物。Eg:Aboyiswaitingforyou.Lastweekweworkedinafactory.4)表示数量,有“一个”的意思。Eg:Ihaveadog./Haveacupoftea,please.5)表示单位,相当于“每”的意思。Eg:Theyworkedeighthoursaday.Thetraincango100kilometersanhour.6)用于固定词组中。havearest(break,look,,try,cold,fever,headache),takeawalk,inamoment,inaminute,onceuponatime,twiceamonth,fourtimesanhour,alittle,afew,alotof,agreatmany,asarule,inahurry,inaword,inashortwhile(不久),afterawhile,haveagoodtime,(say)withasmile(speak)inalowvoice,haveawordwithsb,takeanactivepartin积极参加二、定冠词的用法定冠词the可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。Givemethebook(onthetopshelf)Wemustcatchthenextbus.(1)特指双方都明白的人或物:Takethemedicine.把药吃了。What’sinthepaper(ontheradio)(2)上文提到过的人或事:Heboughtahouse.I’vebeentothehouse.他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。(3)指世上独一物二的事物:thesun,thesky,themoon,theearth,theworld/theuniverseInspace在太空(4)与单数名词连用表示一类事物:如:thedollar美元;thefox狐狸Thehorseisausefulanimal.(表类别与其它类别相区别)Ahorseisausefulanimal.(类别中的任何一个或具体的一个例子)或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:如:therich富人;theliving生者。Theold/sick/young/blind/sick(5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only,very,same,表方向的名词等前面:Eg:thefirsttime,thelastlesson,thelongestriver,ontheleftThat’stheverythingI’vebeenlookingfor.那正是我要找的东西。注意:当序数词表名次,在句中作表语或状语时,通常不加冠词Eg:IamsecondintheEnglishcontest.(表语)Georgearrivedfirst.(状语)序数词表“又一”时,前面常不加定冠词Eg:Helosthiswayforasecondtimeyesterday.当表示方位的名词做副词时,不加定冠词Eg:I’mthinkingofgoingsouth./fromeasttowest(6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体:Theyaretheteachersofthisschool.指全体教师)Theyareteachersofthisschool.(指部分教师)(7)表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前:Shecaughtmebythearm……她抓住了我的手臂。Shepattedtheboyonthehead.(8)用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前:thePeople’sRepublicofChina中华人民共和国theUnitedStates美国theGreatWall长城theShanghaiRailwayStationtheNo.1MiddleSchool(9)用在表示乐器的名词之前:Eg:Sheisplayingthepiano.她正在弹钢琴。(violin,guitar,triangle(三角铁),drum,recorder(竖笛))注意:在表示具体的器物或表示课程时,不加theEg:Heboughtapianolastmonth.Shetaughtpianointheschool.(10)用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:(在句中做主语时,谓语动词用复数)Eg:TheGreensarewatchingTVnow.格林一家人(或格林夫妇)(11)在江河、海洋、山脉、群岛的名称前,如theYellowRiver,theEastChina东海;theWestLake西湖theTianshanMountains天山(12)某些建筑物名词前,如theSummerPalace.(13)在报纸、杂志、旅馆、经典等名词前,如thePeople′sDaily.(14)用于自然现象前Don’tstandintherain.(15)用在惯用语中:intheday在白天,inthemorning(afternoon,evening),thedayaftertomorrow,thedaybeforeyesterday,thenextmorning,inthesky(water,field,country),intheend最终,inthedistance在远处,inthemiddle(of)在...中间,inthecenterof在.....中心onthewhole总的来说,bytheway顺便说一下,havetheflu流感hitsbintheface/onthehead,paybythehour四、零冠词的用法(1)抽象名词,物质名词表示一般概念时;专有名词前(人名,地名)通常不加冠词;Eg:England,Mary,water,happinessFailureisthemotherofsuccess.失败乃成功之母。Mancannotlivewithoutwater.人离开水就无法生存。(2)在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,不加冠词;Eg:WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.我们从星期一到星期五都上课。Itishotinsummer.NewYear’sDay元旦TreePlantingDay植树节theSpringFestival春节theMid-AutumnDay/Festival注意:如特指在某个季节里,需用定冠词Duringthesummer/thespringof1984(3)在称呼或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词(职位是唯一的);Eg:Dad,let’sgotoseeafilm.HewaspresidentoftheRepublicatthattime.Heiscaptainoftheteam.球队队长。(monitor)注意:当职位不是唯一的,前面一般不加不定冠词Eg:Sheisateacherofgeographyinouruniversity.当出现this,that,my,these,some,any,no,every,each及人名的所有格时,前面一般不加不定冠词Eg:TheXiaoLi’smotherisanurse.()XiaoLi’smotherisanurse.()(4)在三餐,不加冠词;havebreakfast/lunch/supper/dinner注意:meal泛指一顿饭时,要用不定冠词一日三餐前有修饰语,也加不定冠词Eg:Wehadawonderfullunch./Hehadabigmeal.特指时,用theEg:Thesupper(Ihadlastnight)waswonderful.(5)球类运动和娱乐运动(棋牌)的名称前,不加冠词;Eg:playchess,tennis,basketball,volleyball,tabletennis(6)表学科,不加冠词;Eg:maths,physics,history,English,geography,biology,chemistry,music,P.E,politics(7)当by与火车等交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,中间无冠词;Eg:bybus,bytrain;注意:Inacar,onabus,taketheunderground(8)当两个或两个以上名词并用时,常省去冠词;Ican’twritewithoutpenorpencil.没有钢笔和铅笔,我就写不了字。(9)有些个体名词不用冠词;school,college,prison,market,hospital,bed,table,class,town,church,court等个体名词,直接置于介词后,表示该名词的深层含义;gotohospital去医院看病gotothehospital去医院(并不是去看病,而是有其他目的)(10)一些固定词组Atfirst起初,首先inline成一条直线atlast终于atnight晚上Afterschool放学后onholiday度假inbed在床上intown在城里Ontime准时intime准时insurprise吃惊地

1 / 5
下载文档,编辑使用

©2015-2020 m.777doc.com 三七文档.

备案号:鲁ICP备2024069028号-1 客服联系 QQ:2149211541

×
保存成功