北师大版高中英语必修三-Unit7-the-sea-语法篇(教师版)

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第1页Unit7thesea-语法篇______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1、理解、掌握、运用限制性和非限制性定语从句。2、理解、掌握、运用where,when,why与“介词+which”引导的定语从句。3、理解、掌握、运用形容词和副词的比较。4、理解、掌握、运用状态和动作动词。一、课时重点1.关系副词where和when引导的定语从句可以提供时间和地点方面的信息。例如:ThisistheplacewhereIlostmypurse.ShestillrememberthedaywhenBillfirstwalkedintoheroffice.2.在reason后可用why引导定语从句。例如:Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewassoangry?Isthereanyreasonwhyheisfired?3.介词+which/whom引导的定语从句。关系代词可作介词的宾语。通常在which和whom前加介词,即介词+which/whom结构。例如:ThetrainonwhichIamtravellingisforShanghai.ThisistheprofessorfromwhomI'velearnedalot.注意:在日常英语中,通常是把介词放在从句的句末,省略关系代词which和whom。例如:ThetrainIamtravellingonisforShanghai.ThisistheprofessorI'velearnedalotfrom.4.定语从句有两种:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句修饰限定名词或代词,清楚表明所修饰的人或物。例如:Thegirlwhoisplayingtennisismyfriend.ThisistheplacewhereIhidthekey.非限制性定语从句提供句子意义以外的额外信息,要用逗号隔开。例如:Theaccident,whichhappenedyesterday,hasledtothreedeath.Theprofessorgavemealotofadvice,fromwhichIbenefitalot.非限制性定语从句中的关系代词which可指整个句子。例如:Itissnowingheavily,whichmakeschildrenfeelexcited.5.形容词和副词的比较moreandmore(越来越......)Ourcityisgettingbiggerandbigger.第2页Hefelthebegantoseethingsmoreandmoreclearly.less/theleast(不如/最不......)less和theleast是more和themost的反义词,也可以和形容词一起使用进行比较。例如:Theboybehaveslesspolitelythanhisbrother.ThishotelistheleastcomfortableI'veeverstayed.可用于修饰形容词比较级的词,表达两物间差别的程度:much,alot,slightly,alittle,almost,abit,far,even,still......6.状态或动作动词英语中动词分为两类:动作动词和状态动词。动作动词描述动作,可用于一般时态和进行时态;状态动词描述状态,一般不用于进行时态。以下是常见的状态动词:表达思维活动:admit,agree,believe,mean,prefer,remember,want表达情感的动词:adore,love,care,hate,hope表示拥有和存在的动词:appear,belong,include,seem,own感官动词:feel,hear,sound,taste,look注意:感官动词后用形容词修饰,而不是副词。例如:Therosessmellbeautiful.1.【2019·浙江】Listeningisthusanactive,nota______,behaviorconsistingofhearing,understandingandremembering.A.considerateB.sensitiveC.reliableD.passive【答案】D【解析】考查形容词。句意:听是一种主动的,而不是被动的行为。它包含听、理解和记忆。A考虑周全的,B敏感的,C可靠的,D被动的。根据not可以知道前后是反义表达,所以选D。此题的关键是有一个not这是表示否定的,这表明跟前面的active是反义的关系,根据4个选项的意思不难得出答案是D.被动的。2.【2019·北京】OppositeisSt.Paul’sChurch,______youcanhearsomelovelymusic.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where【答案】D【解祈】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:对面是圣保罗教堂,在那儿你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St.Paul’sChurch,从句主谓宾成分完整,去掉空后依然是完整的句子,可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语,用where。故选D。3.【2019•陕西】Asthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingforthetime______heshouldbeabletobeindependent.A.whichB.whereC.whomD.when【答案】D【解祈】考查定语从句。句意:作为家里最小的孩子,亚历克斯总是渴望他能够有独立的时第3页间。这里使用定语从句,先行词是thetime,定语从句中缺少时间状语,用关系副词when,所以选D。4.【2019·湖南】Itisatrulydelightfulplace,______looksthesameasitmusthavedone100yearsagowithitswindingstreetsandprettycottages.A.asB.whereC.thatD.which【答案】D【解祈】考查定语从句。根据分析,此句是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是place,在定语从句中是作主语的,所以用关系代词引导。as引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首,故排除,选用which。句意:这真是一个令人愉快的地方,这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。故选D。5.【2019·北京】—Didyouenjoytheparty?—Yes,we______byourhosts.A.weretreatedB.wouldbetreatedC.treatedD.hadtreated【答案】A【解析】考查动词的时态及语态。句意:—你喜欢这个聚会吗?—是的,我们得到了主人款待。根据上一句中的did可知用一般过去时;且we和treated是动宾关系,用被动语态。空中应用一般过去时的被动语态,故选A。基础演练1.单选1.Boththegirlandherdog_______werecrossingthestreetwerehitbyacomingcar.A.whichB.whoC.theyD.that2.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears_______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,_______hasagreateffectonmylife.A.that;whichB.when;whichC.which;thatD.when;who3.Theexamwillnotbegivenuntilnextweek,_______we’llhavegoneoverallthelessons.A.atthattimeB.thenC.atwhichtimeD.bywhichtime4.He’sgothimselfintoadangeroussituation_______heislikelytolosecontrolovertheplane.A.whyB.whichC.whileD.where5.Alecaskedthepoliceman_______heworkedtocontacthimwhenevertherewasanaccident.A.withhimB.whoC.withwhomD.whom6.Asteelplantisaplace_______makessteel.A.whichB.inwhichC.whereD.✕7.Itwasanexcitingmomentforthosefootballfansthisyear,_______forthefirsttimeinyearstheirteamwontheWorldCup.A.thatB.whileC.whichD.when第4页8.Idon’tlike_______youspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich9.You’restandingtoonearthecamera.Canyoumove_______?A.abitfarB.alittlefartherC.abitoffartherD.alittlefar10.Thehouserentisexpensive.I’vegotabouthalfthepriceIhadathomeandI’mpaying_______here.A.asthreetimesmuchB.asmuchthreetimesC.muchasthreetimesD.threetimesasmuch巩固提高11.Inrecentyearstravelcompanieshavesucceededinsellingustheideathatthefartherwego,_______.A.ourholidaywillbebetterB.ourholidaywillbethebetterC.thebetterourholidaywillbeD.thebetterwillourholidaybe12.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp_______intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.topersuadeB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded13.—I’mvery_______withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.—Mm,itdoeshavea_______smell.A.pleasant;pleasedB.pleased;pleasedC.pleasant;pleasantD.pleased;pleasant14.Theverbmustagree_______thesubjectinpersonandnumber.A.toB./C.withD.on15.Thesquirrelwasluckyenoughtoescape_______.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.fromcatchingD.beingcaught答案:1~10DBDDCADABD11~15CCDCD1.单选1.TheexactyearAngelaandherfamilyspenttogetherinChinawas2019.A.whenB.whereC.whyD.which2.IborrowthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek,myclassmatesrecomm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