第一节完形概述一、大家觉得考研完形难吗?完形难的原因:①内心上没有重视过完形,分值过低。②一直以为靠感觉做题,没有方法。③单词词汇其实是考研中最基础最核心的,而且没有长难句。但是定位太难。完形填空答案的分布规律:①分布在该填空所在的句子中。例:2011年14题Althoughsadnessalso__14__tears,evidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow__15__muscularresponses.14.[A]exhausts[B]follows[C]precedes[D]suppresses②分布在该填空的句子之外的上下句中。例:2011年17题Inanexperimentpublishedin1988,socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofwürzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto__16__apeneitherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile–orwiththeirlips,whichwouldproducea(n)___17__expression.16.[A]fetch[B]bite[C]pick[D]hold17.[A]disappointed[B]excited[C]joyful[D]indifferent③分布在填空所处的整个意群,整个段落,整篇文章中。例:2008年21题Heisthat2bird,ascientistwhoworksindependently3anyinstitution.2.[A]unique[B]particular[C]special[D]rare看完这篇文章才知道的选项。二、完形填空特点1、240-280单词,首段首句不出题(那是文章中心句),每隔4-15单词一个填空,给出四个答案,选一个。例:2004年22题[A]before[B]unless[C]until[D]because22.Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommittedbyyoungpeople青少年犯罪的原因)focuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories21ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior22theywerenotsufficientlypenalized(惩罚)forpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough23withothers.2、选的答案不是正确答案,而是thebestone。刘晓燕考研完形填空2019年9月6日22:10第1页有一个明确的主题,这个主题控制全文。►文章是总分对照的结构(每一段也是总分结构)。►3、完美型例:2002年9题Itisgenerallyrecognized,9,thattheintroductionofthecomputerintheearly20thcentury,10bytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitduringthe1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess,11itsimpactonthemediawasnotimmediately12.9.[A]indeed[B]hence[C]however[D]therefore三、考研完形的考点1、阅读能力:——精读能力2、语法能力:10种做题方法定位线索源于语法3、词汇能力只知其一不知其他;只知大概,不知具体只知认词,不知辩词;只知词义,不知使用四、完形的做题步骤1、精读完形文章前两句话把握文章中心2、按段精读,按段理解,按段做题3、对每一个空进行分析,找出每一个空定位线索得出正确答案4、查漏补缺第二节具体做题方法一、逻辑关系题英语一中有4-5道,英语二中有3-4道并列关系►and,andalso,or,neither…nor…,either...or,notonly…butalso,likewise,similarly,equally,inthesameway,thatis(tosay),aswellas,thesameas递进关系►also,then,besides,inaddition,additionally,moreover,what'smore,furthermore,aboveall,indeed因果关系►Because,for,since,as,thus,hence,therefore,so,sothat,inorderthat,accordinglyOnaccountof=inresponseto=becauseofInthat=becauseSeeingthat,consideringthat,nowthat转折关系(对比关系)►but,however,yet,bycontrast,onthecontrary,contrarily,ontheotherhand,unfortunately让步关系(对比关系)►although,though,eventhough,evenif,even,inspiteof,despite,1、英语中常见的逻辑关系词第2页nevertheless,muchas,while,whereas,as其他表示对比关系的词(对比关系)►ratherthan,insteadof,againstunlike,not…but…,infact列举关系►first,second,last,tobeginwith,tocontinue,next,first,then,ononehand,ontheotherhand,foronething,foranotherthing,one,another,some,others,stillothers条件关系►if,onlyif,unless,otherwise,suppose/ing,provide/ed,assoonas,incase,when,with例:2002年16题“Pressfreedomswillbeinsafehands16ourBritishjudges,”hesaid.16.[A]with[B]to[C]from[D]by举例关系►forexample/instance,suchas,of/amongthese+具体例子,totakeanexample,toillustrate,let'simagine,morespecificallyspeaking,accordingto转折和让步的区别:转折词后面那句话意思能够把转折词前面那句话意思彻底推翻,而让步关系词后面那句话意思不能够把前面那句话意思彻底推翻。只需要逻辑关系词前后对应成分的意思就可以了►2、逻辑关系词的做题方法例:2001年1题Thegovernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyuppeopleinvolvedinprominentcases(经典案例)1thetrial(审判)ofRosemaryWest.1.[A]asto[B]forinstance(后面有逗号的)[C]inparticular[D]suchas例:2002年9题Itisgenerallyrecognized,9,thattheintroductionofthecomputerintheearly20thcentury,10bytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitduringthe1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess,11itsimpactonthemediawasnotimmediately12.9.[A]indeed[B]hence[C]however[D]therefore例:2004年20题Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact,20adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.20.[A]provided[B]since[C]although[D]supposing例:2005年20题Thebrainfindsitbesttokeepsmellreceptors19forunfamiliarandemergencysignals20thesmellofsmoke,whichmightindicatethedangeroffire.20.[A]similarto[B]suchas[C]alongwith[D]asidefrom例:2007年12题RomanCatholicismhadbeenthestatereligionandtheonlyone10bytheSpanishcrown.12mostleaderssoughttomaintainCatholicism13theofficialreligionofthenewstates,somesoughttoendthe14ofotherfaiths.第3页12.[A]Since[B]If[C]Unless[D]While=although=as14.[A]spread[B]interference[C]exclusion[D]influence例:2009年14,18题Researchonanimalintelligencealsomakesuswonderwhatexperimentsanimalswould13onhumansiftheyhadthechance.Everycatwithanowner,14,isrunningasmall-scalestudyinoperantconditioning.Webelievethat15animalsranthelabs,theywouldtestusto16thelimitsofourpatience,ourfaithfulness,ourmemoryforlocations.Theywouldtrytodecidewhatintelligenceinhumansisreally17,notmerelyhowmuchofitthereis.18,theywouldhopetostudya(n)19question:Arehumansactuallyawareoftheworldtheylivein?20theresultsareinconclusive.14.[A]bychance[B]incontrast[C]asusual[D]forinstance18.[A]Aboveall[B]Afterall[C]However[D]Otherwise3、逻辑关系题的猜词技巧①同性元素排除原则,有例外While和wherea都表示对比关系,但是当他们两个同时出现时选while不选whereas,因为while比whereas更正式►例:06年14题Andasignificantnumberofthehomelesshaveseriousmentaldisorders.Manyothers,14notaddictedormentallyill,simplylacktheeveryday15skillsneededtoturntheirlives16.14.[A]when[B]once[C]while[D]whereas►Indeed和其他表示递进的词相比更注重强调►例:06年1题Thehomelessm