1大学英语六级辅导【词汇篇】墨眉编※版权所有翻版必究※2大学英语六级辅导【词汇篇】二、词汇㈠、整体1、概况※六级词汇量:5795词(高中2000+四级2000+5-6级1300+扩展495)①一义多词表达:eg:“回答、答复”=answer、reply;“引导、带领”=lead、conduct;“建设、建造”=build、construct;“污染”=pollution、contamination;②英语发展时期:Ⅰ、古英语时期(theAnglo-SaxonEnglish):⒈简单的日常用语较多;⒉单音节词汇较多:yes/no/come/go/hand/foot/table/water……Ⅱ、中古英语时期(theMiddleEnglish):⒈来自于法语的词汇:alliance(联盟、同盟国);administration(管理);subsidy(津贴、补助金)……Ⅲ、现代英语时期(theModernEnglish):2、如何记忆?①词根词缀法:前缀+词根+后缀eg:-able形容词;-tion名词;-ly副词※六级常见词根、词缀量:250-300个eg:log-/loqu-:说话、谈话;dia-:对面;pro-/pre-:前面;dict-:说;sect-:切、割;tran-:横着、跨越;vivi-:活的、生命的;re-:Ⅰ、重复的;Ⅱ、dialogue对话;prologue序言;eloquent雄辩的;loquacious多嘴的;dictate命令;dictation听写;predict预言、预测;insect昆虫;section部分;transaction横切面;vivisection活体解剖②在语境中记忆单词:(△句子)主动单词:activewords被动单词:passivewords※在语境中学单词!定期规定阅读量!③联想-比较法:a、联想法:同义联想eg:“遵守、服从”=adhereto/conformto/complywith“激起、引起”=evoke/provoke/arouse/trigger/elicitb、联想法:反义联想eg:descend下降---ascend上升④快速记忆、多次重复:※1小时记忆20-30个单词!多次重复!⑤注意熟词僻义、一词多义:eg:school=学校、学院、学派㈡、题型(方向/正反义)(词性)3※词汇学习为英语学习的根本!1、难词辨析题:(△占总卷面的40-45%)eg:reservation(n.保留、预定)makeareservation预定房间;obscure(adj.晦涩的、难懂的)sophisticated(adj.老练的、老于世故的)spontaneously(adv.自发地、自觉地)homogeneously(adj.同性质的)simultaneously(adv.同步的、同时发生的)instantaneously(adv.立即地、马上地)obligation(n.法律上的义务)duty=义务ambiguous(adj.模棱两可的、含糊不清的)conspicuous(adj.明显的、值得注意的)2、短语搭配题:※注意关注四级短语!eg:goinfor=参与、从事;innoway=绝不;makeover=翻新、改造△六级考查短语不足100个eg:pourscornon=蔑视;heappraiseupon=大家赞赏、赞扬;adhereto=遵守、服从;devoteto=致力于、从事;watchout=密切注意、当心、提防3、近义词辨析题:①词义辨析:②搭配辨析:eg:descend→decline下降descend:位置由高到低下降;decline:数字、比例、指标的下降glance→peer→gaze→scan看peer/gazeatsth.glance:一瞥;peer:凝视(看不清,使劲儿看)gaze:凝视(感兴趣、好奇,仔细看);scan:浏览4、形近易混词题:eg:transmission(转移发射、传输);transaction(交易、处理);transition(过渡、更替、转变);transformation(变形、变体);stationary(adj.禁止的、不动的);stationery(n.文具);sheer(adj.纯粹的、绝对的)shear(v.剪、修剪;n.剪羊毛的大剪刀)fowl(n.家禽)foul(adj.邪恶的、恶略的、犯规的)※注意对近义词和形近易混词的对比总结!㈢、句子逻辑关系1、解释关系:eg:SomepeoplethinkthataAtranslation,orword-for-word(逐字逐句的)translation,iseasierthanafreetranslation(意译).A、literal(adj.逐字逐句的)B、literary(adj.文学的)C、liberal(adj.自由的)D、linear(adj.线状的)ThekitchenwassmallandBsothatthedisabled(残疾人)couldreacheverythingwithoutdifficulty.A、conventional(adj.传统的)B、compact(adj.紧凑的)C、compatible(adj.兼容的)D、concise(adj.简洁的)△注意句子中的“and”、“or”、“similarly”、“——”、“:”、“;”等2、转折关系:eg:InspiteoftheAeconomicforecasts(预报),manufacturing(制造)output(产出)hasrisenslightly(轻微地).A、gloomy(adj.黯淡的)B、miserable(adj.痛苦的)4C、shadowy(adj.阴影的)D、subsidiary(adj.辅助的)Evenwhentextbooks(教科书)areCthroughaschoolsystem,methodsofteachingmayvary(v.不同,差异)greatly.A、commonplace(adj.平凡的)B、competitive(adj.竞争性的)C、standardized(adj.标准化了的,统一的)D、generalized(adj.一般化了的)△常见的转折词:but、nevertheless、though、even、although、while、inspiteof、despiteof等3、因果关系:eg:ThepoetryofEzraPoundissometimesdifficulttounderstandbecauseitcontainssomanyAreference(Ⅰ、参考;Ⅱ、典故).A、obscure(adj.晦涩的;难懂的)B、acute(adj.Ⅰ、尖锐的;Ⅱ、急性的;Ⅲ、敏锐的;☆chronic慢性的)C、notable(adj.值得注意的)D、objective(adj.客观的)※1、分析句子的逻辑关系;2、清楚选项的意思、差异§小测试:1、Asaactor,hecanperform,sing,danceandplayseveralkindsofmusicalinstruments(乐器).A、flexibleB、sophisticatedC、versatile(转的)D、productive2、Wemanagedtoreach(历经困难到达/完成)thetopofthemountain,andhalfanhourlaterwebeganto.A、ascendB、declineC、descendD、plunge3、Ithinkshehurtmyfeelingsratherthan(是…而不是…)byaccidentsassheclaimed.A、virtuallyB、literallyC、deliberatelyD、appropriately4、Theeducationforthecomingyearisabout$4billion,whichismuchmorethanwhatpeopleexpected.A、allowanceB、budgetC、reservationD、finance5、Althoughmostdreamsapparently(明显地)happen,dreamactivitymaybeprovoked(引起,激起)byexternalinfluences(外部因素).A、spontaneouslyB、homogeneouslyC、simultaneouslyD、instantaneously§Tip:1、flexible(adj.Ⅰ、柔韧的;Ⅱ、思维灵活的);versatile(adj.多才多艺的);sophisticated(adj.老练的/尖端的);productive(adj.Ⅰ、多产的;Ⅱ、有用的)2、ascend(v.上坡,上升);descend(v.下坡,下降);decline(v.数字、比率、指标的下降);plunge(v.向下跳,纵身一跃)3、virtually(adv.实质上地);deliberately(adv.蓄意地);literally(adv.字面上地);appropriately(adv.合适地)4、allowance(n.津贴,补助金);reservation(n.保留,预定);budget(n.预算);finance(n.财政,金融)5、spontaneously(adv.自发地);simultaneously(adv.同步地);homogeneously(adv.同样地);instantaneously(adv.立刻地)§Key:1、C2、C3、C4、B5、A5㈣、考试例题(上)eg:Asanexcellentshooter,Peterpractisedaimingatbothtargets(靶子)andmovingtargets.A、stationary(adj.静止的)B、stable(adj.牢固的)C、standing(adj.直立的)D、still(adj.不动的,暂时的静止状态)Parentshavealegal(法律的)toensure(确保)thattheirchildrenareprovidedwithefficienteducationsuitabletotheirage.A、impulse(n.冲动、脉冲)B、influence(n.影响)C、obligation(n.义务)D、sympathy(n.同情)Theworkintheofficewasbyaconstantstreamof(络绎不绝的)visitors.A、confused(adj.使混乱)B、reversed(adj.使翻转、颠倒)C、perplexed(adj.使迷惑)D、hampered(adj.妨碍的、阻碍的)Itwillbesafertowalkthestreetsbecausepeoplewillnotneedtocarrylargeamountsofcash;virtually(事实上)allfinancialwillbeconductedbycomputer.A、transmissions(n.发射、传播)B、transactions(n.交易)C、transitions(n.过渡、转变)D、transformations(n.变形)Whentrappedin(陷入陷阱)driftingsands(流沙),donotstruggle(挣扎),oryouwillbeindeeper.A、absorbed(v.消化吸收)B、heaved(v.举起、抬起)C、pushed(v.推)D、sucked(v.吸)Thevastmajorityofpeopleinanygivenculturewilltotheestablished(约定俗成的)standardsofthatculture.A、confine(v.限制、接壤)B、confront(v.面对、遭