中英教育制度对比及其意义

LiaoningNormalUniversity（）本科生毕业论文(设计)题目：中英教育制度对比及其意义学院：外国语学院专业：英语（师范）班级序号：3班15号学号：学生姓名：指导教师：TheComparisonandImplicationofEducationSystemsinChinaandUKAThesisSubmittedInPartialfulfillmentfortheRequirementsoftheDegreeofBACHELOROFARTSSchoolofForeignLanguagesLIAONINGNORMALUNIVERSITYMay,2009iAbstractChinahasalonghistoryineducation.Theeducationsystemisbeingconsummatedgradually，WhileTheGreatBritainisthetypicalrepresentativeofwesterneducator,whoownsmoreadvancededucationsystem.Accompanyingwiththelargeextentofgoingabroad,itisnecessarytothinkaboutthereasonwhysomanyChinesestudentswanttostudyabroad.Sointhearticle,itisessentialtocomparethetwoeducationsystem.ThearticleanalysistheChineseeducationsystem,andgivessomepersonalsuggestions.ThemostattractivepointinChineseeducationsystemisthatChinesepeopleemphasizethetraditionalknowledge,whichmakesthestudentshaveasolidfoundation.Itisobviousthatchildreninourcountrylearnmoreinthechildhood.Butthewesternstudentslearnslowly.Innovationandcreativityarethemostdifferentpointbetweentheeducationsystems.Sometimes,Chineseeducationlimitstudentssenseofinnovation.Thewholearticlehasfourparts:inthefirstchapter,itisthecomparisonofeducationsysteminchinaandUK.ItcontainsChineseeducationsystemandeducationsysteminUK.Thetwohavetheirownmeritsanddefects.Inthechaptertwo,itisthehighereducation.ItisdividedintothehigheducationinchinaandthehighereducationsysteminUK,andthethirdchapterissuggestionsaboutimprovingChineseeducationsystem.Keywords:EducationSystem;Innovation;Independence;Suggestionsii摘要中国的教育历史十分悠久，教育体制也逐渐变化完善，而英国作为西方教育的代表，也拥有先进的教育体制，越来越多的学生选择在国外留学，所以，在本文中将两国教育体制进行对比，并对中国的教育体制进行评价、分析、并提出合理化建议。中国教育制度的最大特点是重视传统教育，在这种教育方式下，中国学生的基础普遍比较扎实，但是英国的教育体制却令学习过程变得漫长，基础不扎实是英国学生的普遍特点。两国教育最大的不同点是创新和创造力。中国的高等教育由于注重学术氛围，往往实践部分不够，这就导致学生动手能力的匮乏，而英国的高等教育却恰恰相反。全文分做三个部分，第一部分将就两国的教育体制进行比较，优缺点比较。概括地说明西方教育的优点包括重视学生学会独立思考,重视创新能力。第二部分着重讨论两国的高等教育，中国近些年来的发展变化对中国的教育体制的影响。在第三部分将就以上论述的基础上来表达对中国教育体制改革的建议。关键词：教育体制;独立;创新;建议iiiTableofContentsINTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………….......1ChapterOneTHECOMPARISONOFEDUCATIONSYSTEMINCHINAANDUK…..31.1ChineseEducationSystem...........................................................................................…...31.2EducationSysteminUK…………………………………………………….………..….5ChapterTwoTHEHIGHEREDUCATION......................................................................…...72.1TheHighEducationinChina……………………………………………………………..72.2TheHigherEducationSysteminUK…………………………………………….…....…8ChapterThreeSUGGESTIONSABOUTIMPROVINGCHINESEEDUCATIONSYSTEM.......................................................................................................................103.1ImprovingtheConceptionofEducation………………………………………....….….103.2ImprovingtheSystemStructure……………………………………………………...…11CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................12WorksCited..........................................................................................................................….14Acknowledgements..................................................................................................................161INTRODUCTIONInitsbroadsense,educationreferstoanyactorexperiencethathasaformativeeffectonthemind,character,orphysicalabilityofanindividual.Initstechnicalsenseeducationistheprocessbywhichsociety,throughschools,colleges,universities,andotherinstitutions,deliberatelytransmitsitsculturalheritage—itsaccumulatedknowledge,values,andskills--fromonegenerationtoanother.ThePeople'sRepublicofChinahasanationwidesystemofpubliceducation,whichincludesprimaryschools,middleschools(lowerandupper),anduniversities.NineyearsofeducationistechnicallycompulsoryforallChinesestudents.EducationinChinaistheresponsibilityoftheMinistryofEducation.Theeducationsystemprovidesfreeprimaryeducationforsixyears(someprovincesmayhave5yearsforprimaryschoolbut4yearsformiddleschool),startingatagesevenorsix,followedbysixyearsofsecondaryeducationforages12to18.Atthislevel,therearethreeyearsofmiddleschoolandthreeyearsofhighschool.TheMinistryofEducationreporteda99%attendancerateforprimaryschoolandan80percentrateforbothprimaryandmiddleschools.Sincefreehighereducationwasabolishedin1985,applicantstocollegesanduniversitiescompetedforscholarshipsbasedonacademicability.Privateschoolshavebeenallowedsincetheearly1980s.Thepopulationhashadonaverageonly6.2yearsofschooling,butin1986thegoalofnineyearsofcompulsoryeducationby2000wasestablished.Toprovideforitspopulation,Chinahasavastandvariedschoolsystem.Therearepreschools,kindergartens,schoolsforthedeafandblind,keyschools(similartocollegepreparatoryschools),primaryschools,secondaryschools(comprisingjuniorandseniormiddleschools,secondaryagriculturalandvocationalschools,regularsecondaryschools,secondaryteachers'schools,secondarytechnicalschools,andsecondaryprofessionalschools),andvariousinstitutionsofhigherlearning(consistingofregularcollegesanduniversities,professionalcolleges,andshort-termvocationaluniversities).Intermsofaccesstoeducation,China'ssystemrepresentedapy