英美国家概况-中英教育制度对比

TheAnglo-SaxonswereapeoplewhoinhabitedGreatBritainfromthe5thcentury.TheyincludedpeoplefromGermanictribeswhomigratedtotheislandfromcontinentalEurope,andtheirdescendants;aswellasindigenousBritishgroupswhoadoptedsomeaspectsofAnglo-Saxoncultureandlanguage.TheAnglo-SaxonperioddenotestheperiodofBritishhistorybetweenabout450and1066.TheEnglishCivilWar(1642–1651)wasaseriesofarmedconflictsandpoliticalmachinationsbetweenParliamentarians(Roundheads)andRoyalists(Cavaliers)intheKingdomofEnglandover,principally,themannerofitsgovernment.TheformationoftheUKgovernment:themonarchappointsaPrimeMinisterastheheadoftheMajesty’sGovernment.ThePrimeMinisterselectstheotherMinisterwhichmakeuptheGovernmentandactaspoliticalheadofthevariousGovernmentDepartments.TwentyofthemostseniorgovernmentministersmakeuptheCabinet.Intotal,thereareabout100ministersthatcomprisethegovernment.Inaccordancewithconstitutionalconvention,allministerswithinthegovernmentareeithermembersofParliamentorpeersintheHouseofLords.ThecomparisonofEducationsysteminUKandChinaInUK,thereisacompletesystemofstateprimaryandsecondaryeducation,primaryuptotheageof5-10andsecondaryfrom11to18/19.Andallchildrenmustbylawreceivefull-timeeducationfrom5to16.Andanychildmayattendwithoutpayingfeesuntiltheyare18.InChina,theeducationisdevidedintothreecategories:basiceducation,highereducation,andadulteducation.TheCompulsoryEducationLawofstipulatesthateachchildrenhasnineyearsofformaleducation,usuallyfromtheage6/7to18.Astermsofthecurriculum,thepurposeofschoolinUKistoprovidechildrenwithliteracyandotherbasicskills.Theywillneedtobecomeactivemembersofsociety,andalsosocialize.Somechildrengotoindependentschoolsrunbyprivateorganizations.Afewgotopublicschools,suchasEtonandHarrow.AnaallchildrenmuststudyEnglish,mathematics,science,religious,history,geography,technology,music,art,PEandmodernlanguage.InChina,studentsstudyEnglish,Chinese,mathastheirmajorcours-es,andthenstudybiology,geography,history,politic,physical,chemistryandPE.Pupil’scurriculumisnotasinterestingastheUK’s.EducationinChinaistheresponsibilityoftheMinistryofEducationThemostattractivepointinChineseeducationsystemisthatChinesepeopleemphasizethetraditionalknowledge,whichmakesthestudentshaveasolidfoundation.Itisobviousthatchildreninourcountrylearnmoreinthechildho-old.StudentsinUKliveindependently,thinkcreativelyandinnovatively,andwell-preparedtogointothesociety.