山东大学物理化学期末考试试卷

………………………………………………密………………………………封………………………………线………………………………………………2013-2014AcademicYear,FallSemester,FinalExamforPhysicalChemistry(2)-A题号一二三四五六七八九十总分阅卷人得分学院专业级学号姓名第1页共3页ATTENTION:PLEASEWRITEALLYOURANSWERSONTHEANSWERSHEET——————————————————————————————————————————USEFULPARAMETERSFaraday’sConstantF=96500C·mol-1;Plankconstant:h=6.62610-34Js;Velocityoflightinvacuum:c=2.998108ms-1;Avogadroconstant:L=6.02221023mol-1;Gasconstant:R=8.314J·K-1·mol-1.Standardelectrodepotential:(Cu2+/Cu)=0.337V;(Cl2/Cl)=1.36V;(Hg2Cl2/Hg,Cl)=0.270V;Atomicmass:H-1.0079,C-12.011,O-15.998——————————————————————————————————————————I.Choosethebestanswerforthefollowingquestions.(2pointsforeachquestion,totally30points).1.Forthefollowingelectrolyteswiththesameconcentration(0.010mol·kg-1),whichshowsthehighestmolarconductivity?(A)LiCl;(B)MgSO4;(C)MgCl2;(D)KNO3.2.WhatisnotthebasicassumptionofDebye-Huckelmodelforstrongelectrolyte?(A)theionscanbetakenaspointcharge;(B)theelectricfieldcanbedescribedusingPoissonequation;(C)theinteractionbetweencationandanioniselectricattraction;(D)thedielectricconstantofwaterintheionicatmosphereisdifferentfromfreewater.3.Forthefollowingelectrodes,thestandardelectrodepotentialofwhichisthehighest?(A)Ag(CN)2+eAg(s)+2CN;(B)AgCl(s)+eAg(s)+Cl(C)Ag++eAg(s);(D)Ag(NH3)++eAg(s)+2NH3.4.Whichofthefollowingmeasurescannotbetakentoreducethesolutionresistanceoverpotentialofaworkingcell?(A)Useacidorbaseinsteadofsaltaselectrolyte;(B)increaseconcentrationoftheelectrolyte;(C)addSiO2aerogel(气溶胶)tomakegelelectrolyte;(D)heattheelectrolyte.5.SaltbridgeofconcentratedKClsolutionisusuallyusedformeasuringtheelectromotiveforcesofcellswithdoubleelectrolytes.Whatisnottheeffectofsaltbridge?(A)preventinter-diffusionbetweenthetwoelectrolytes;(B)reducedtheliquidjunctionpotential;(C)connectthetwoelectrolytes;(D)reducedtheresistanceoverpotential.6.Surfactantcanadsorbeitheronthel/ginterfaceoronthes/linterface.Ifthecontactangelofawaterdroponasolidsurfaceismeasuredtobe15o.Whensurfactantwhichispreferablyadsorbonl/ssurfacewassolvedinthiswaterdrop,willthecontactangel(A)increase;(B)decrease;(C)keepunchanged;(D)uncertain.7.WhenweprecipitateAg+byCl,moreprecipitatingagent(NaCl)isusuallyadded.Whatisnottheaimofaddingexcessprecipitatingagent?(A)toreducethesolubilityofAgCl;(B)toincreasetheover-saturationofAgCl;(C)todestroythestabilityofAgClsol;(D)toincreasethesurfacechargeofAgClsol.8.Rareearthcationscanbeenriched(富集)bybeneficiation(浮选)usingsomespecialsurfactants.Forthefollowingkindsofsurfactants,whichissuitableforenrichmentofrareearthcationsfromadilutesolution?(A)anionicsurfactant;(B)cationicsurfactant;(C)amphotericsurfactant;(D)nonionicsurfactant.9.Whichofthefollowingcolloidalparticlesispermanentlypositive-charged?(A)TiO2aqueoussol;(B)AgClaqueoussol;(C)proteinsol;(D)Nasolinbenzene.10.Activationenergiesareofdifferenttypes.Forthefollowingactivationenergies,whichisofinter-atomicpotentialenergy?(A)Arrheniusexperimentalactivationenergy(Ea);(B)Tolmanactivationenergy(Ea);(C)activationenergyofsimplecollisiontheory(Ec);(D)activationenergyoftransitionstatetheory(E0).11.Forthefollowingreactions,whichisnotapossibleprimaryphotochemicalreaction:(A)ClClh2Cl·;(B)hCH2=CHCH3;(C)RR’hR+R’+;(D)A+MA*+M.12.ThereactionmechanismofreactionA+BPisproposedas:ACk1k-1C+BPk2Ifwewanttotreatthismechanismusingpre-equilibriumapproximation,whichconditionsshouldbesatisfied?(A)k-1k1,k2[B]k-1;(B)k-1k1,k2[B]k-1;(C)k-1k1,k2[B]k-1;(D)k-1k1,k2[B]k-1.13.Formoleculardynamicsstudy,thestateofcollidingmoleculesinamoleculebeamshouldbepreciselycontrolled.Ifwewanttodefinethevibrationalenergylevelofamoleculebylaserradiation,theradiationofwhatwavelengthshouldbeused?(A)760nm;(B)400nm;(C)ca.600nm;(D)uncertain.14.Forthefollowingadsorptionisotherms,whichcanbededucedbyassumingthattheadsorptionheatislinearlydecreasingwithincreasingthecoverage?(A)Langmuirisotherm;(B)BETisotherm;(C)Freundlichisotherm;(D)Termkinisotherm.15.Whatisnotthebasicpropertiesoffirst-orderreaction(A)reactantscannotbeconvertedcompletelytoproduct;(B)lnc~tislinear;(C)half-lifeisindependentofinitialconcentration;(D)theunitofrateconstantismol·dm-3·s-1.得分阅卷人学院专业级学号姓名第2页共3页II.Fillintheblanks.(2pointsforeachquestion,totally20points)1.Thetheoreticalcapacityisdefinedasthecoulomb(usuallyexpressedinmAh)deliveredbyasubstancepergram(mAh·g-1).ThetheoreticalcapacitiesofHCOOHare_____________mAh·g-1.2.Whenaglasscapillaryisinsertedinthesurfaceoftwoliquids(l1andl2)andthesameatmosphericpressureisexertedonthetopopeningofthecapillary,abulbisformedjustinsidetheliquidsurfaceasshowninthefigure.Ifthesurfacetensionofl1andl2is1and2.Comparethevalueof1and2.1______2.3.TheradiusofDebye-Hückelionicatmosphere(1/)canbedefinedasthedistanceatwhichtheelectricfieldcausedbythecentralioniscompletelyshieldedbycounterions.ForNaClandMgCl2solutionswiththesameconcentration,ifwetakeClasthecentralion,whose1/islarger,NaClorMgCl2?___________________.4.OwingtotheconcentrationdifferenceofK+andNa+insideandoutsideahumannervecell,amembrane