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名称英文缩写分子量侧链R基团类型丙氨酸AlanineA或Ala89.079CH3-亮氨酸LeucineL或Leu131.16(CH3)2-CH-CH2-异亮氨酸IsoleucineI或Ile131.16CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-缬氨酸ValineV或Val117.133CH3-CH(CH2)-甘氨酸GlycineG或Gly75.052H-赖氨酸LysineK或Lys146.17H2N-(CH2)4-精氨酸ArginineR或Arg174.188HN=C(NH2)-NH-(CH2)3-天冬氨酸AsparticacidD或Asp133.089HOOC-CH2-谷氨酸GlutamicacidE或Glu147.116HOOC-(CH2)2-N=CH-NH-CH=C-CH2-|__________|天冬酰胺AsparagineN或Asn132.104H2N-CO-CH2-谷氨酰胺GlutamineQ或Gln146.131H2N-CO-(CH2)2-丝氨酸SerineS或Ser105.078HO-CH2-苏氨酸ThreonineT或Thr119.105CH3-CH(OH)-半胱氨酸CysteineC或Cys121.145HS-CH2-蛋氨酸MethionineM或Met149.199CH3-S-(CH2)2-酪氨酸TyrosineY或Tyr181.1764-OH-Phenyl-CH2-色氨酸TryptophanW或Trp204.213Phenyl-NH-CH=C-CH2-苯丙氨酸PhenylalanineF或Phe165.177Phenyl-CH2--N-(CH2)3-CH-|_________|芳香族类氨基酸的种类组氨酸HistidineH或His155.141碱性氨基酸类脂肪族类酰胺类羟基类含硫类脯氨酸ProlineP或Pro115.117亚氨基酸