强调句型

强调句型强调句型是英语中常见句子结构，又是高考中的常见考点，其基本结构为“It+be+被强调部分+that／who+句子其余部分”，具体用法如下：1．强调句型可强调的句子成分通常为主语、状语、宾语等，不能用来强调谓语动词、表语(主语补语)、让步状语、条件状语等；如：ItwasintheparkthatImetmyoldteacheryesterday．(强调地点状语)ItwasyesterdaythatImetmyoldteacherinthepark．(强调时间状语)ItwasmyoldteacherthatImetintheparkyesterday．(强调宾语)ItisMrSmithwho／thatthinksTomisacleverboy．(强调主语)2．在强调句型中，连接词一般用that。如被强调的部分指人时，可用who(m)／that，其他一律用that，不能用which，where，when等。如：Itwasatthegatethatwemettheinspectorsthismorning．Itisourparents，that／whomweoftenturntoforhelp．3．在强调结构中，无论被强调的是人还是物，是单数还是复数，be动词一律用is／was形式，如果原句的谓语动词是一般过去时，就用was；如果是一般现在时，就用is。也可以用“情态动词+be”形式。如：Itisthemonitorwhowinsthefirstprizeintheexam．Itwasthefarmerswho／thatlivedahardlifebeforeliberation．ItmightbeyesterdaythatJohnboughtabookforMary．ItwillbeXiaoWangwhogowithyou．4．强调句型也有疑问句形式。一般疑问句的强调形式，只需将is／was提前，移至句首即可，即：“Is／Wasit…that…”。特殊疑问句的强调形式，须将陈述句变成一般疑问句，再在句首加上疑问词，即“疑问词(被强调部分)+is／was+it+that+句子其余部分”。如：Wasitlastyearthatthebuildingwascompleted?Howwasitthathewenttoschool?WherewasitthatyoumetyourEnglishteacher?Itwasthedaybeforeyesterdaythatyoulostthemoney，wasn’tit?5．not…until…结构在强调句型中的运用：until引导的时间状语从句中可以用在强调句型中，其结构为“Itis／wasnotuntil…that…”。如：Itwasnotuntiltheclassbeganthathecamein．ItwasnotuntillastFridaythathefinishedreadingthebook．6．当强调的是主语时，其谓语动词应和被强调的人和物保持人称、数的一致。如果被强调的主语是人称、代词，宜用主格，但有时也可用宾格。如：Itiswhoamgoingtoattendthemeeting．ItisTomwhooftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish．ItwasI／mewhocleanedtheclassroom．7．强调结构还常常出现在谚语里，表示“无论怎样……都不……”，是—种反语式的强调用法。这类句子往往含有一定的哲理性，故常用一般现在时。例如：It’sawisefatherwhoknowshisownchild。无论多聪明的父亲也不见得了解自己的孩子。It’sanillwindthatblowsnobody(any)good．此失则彼得(没有使所有的人都受害的坏事)。8．强调句型与定语从句、主语从句和状语从句的区别：一般说来，如果把句子中的“Itis／was…that”去掉，稍加调整语序，能还原成完整句子，且句子意思依然完整，则为强调句型；否则，应为其他句式。如：ItwasasmallhousethatIusedtolivein．(定语从句)ItwasattheschoolgatethatImetanoldfriendofmine．(强调句型)Itwasseveno’clockwhenwereachedthemountainvillage．(时间状语从句)Itwasatseveno’clockthatwereachedthemountainvillage．(强调句型)Itisapitythatyoudidn’tseethefilmyesterdayevening．(主语从句)ItisagoodideathatwewillhaveaswimthisSunday．(主语从句)二、实例分析例1：Itwas__________itwasrainingsohardthatwehadtostayathomeallday．A．sinceB．forC．asD．because[析]答案D项。强调句型只可以强调由because引导的原因状语从句，as／since／for引导的句子不能用在强调句中。例2：Ican'tquiteremember__________IwastakentoBeijing。A．thatitwaswhenB．whenitwasthatC．whenwasitthatD．thatwasitwhen[析]答案为B项。可以这样来分析：假设原句为：IwastakentoBeijingwhenIwasachild．对时间状语进行强调，变成：ItwaswhenIwasachildthatIwastakentoBeijing．再变成特殊疑问句：WhenwasitthatIwastakentoBeijing?再放到宾语从句中：Ican’trememberwhenitwasthatIwastakentoBeijing。例3：Itwasthetraining__________hehadasayoungman__________madehimsuchagoodengineer．A．what；thatB．that；whatC．that；whichD．which；that[析]答案为D项。本句强调的是主语thetraining，其后又服which引导的定语从句，还原后应为：Thetrainingwhichhehadasayoungmanmadehimagoodengineer．例4：Itwas__________hesaidandsomethinghedid__________disappointedmeatthattime.A．what；that；thatB．that；what；thatC．what；what；thatD．what；that；what[析]答案为A项。此题的强调部分则为what引导的主语从句和something，而something后带有that引导的定语从句。例5：Wasitthroughtheteacher__________youcametorealizetheimportanceoflearningEnglish?A．whoB．whomC．howD．that[析]答案为D项。此题强调的是介词短语throughtheteacher，而不是名词teacher。故A、B项具有很强的迷惑性。例6：Itistheyoungman__________lookedfor__________caughtthemurderer．A．that；whoB．that；theyC．they；thatD．they；which[析]答案为C项。本题考查了定语从句和强调句式。theylookedfor前省略了关系代词that，that一方面引导定语从句，同时又在从句中做lookedfor的宾语，强调句为：Itistheyoungmanwho／thatcaughtthemuderer．本句意思是“是那个他们在寻找的年轻人抓住了杀人犯”。例7：Wasitseveno'clock__________youfinishedyourtask?A．whenB．thatC．thenD．which[析]答案为A项。此题是含有when引导的时间状语从句，不是强调句型。例8：Shetoldusthatitwasasmallmountainvillage__________shelivedwithhergrandparents．A．thatB．whichC．whereD．when[析]答案为C项。此题中，where引导定语从句，同时又在从句中作状语。