毕业设计城市路内停车优化设计

本科毕业设计（20届）城市路内停车优化设计OptimalDesignofUrbanCurbParking所在学院专业班级交通工程学生姓名指导教师完成日期摘要当今我国城市机动车数量急剧增长，在城市用地紧张的情况下，路外停车设施难以满足静态交通的需求，所以路内停车成为了城市交通管理者普遍采用的一种停车方式。然而随着路内停车的发展，其对道路交通流的阻滞现象愈发明显，也导致一些不安全因素的发生。因此我们必须不能放任路内停车自由发展，而要对路内停车设置条件和方法进行优化设计，将路内停车的负面影响降至最低，才能做到充分、合理利用道路空间，改善道路交通秩序。本文例举了路内停车的几种常见模式，并分别就其对机非混合状态道路交通的通行效率、车辆加减速与跟驰延误等问题进行了数据采集与分析，研究了路内停车给机非混合道路所造成的摩擦效应和阻滞效应，以此结合实地调查所得结论，总结出城市路内停车设计的原则和方法，设置的条件和依据；最后根据以上研究，给出了城市路内停车（以北京市为例）优化设计的原则，提出北京市路内停车设计上存在的问题和不足，并据此做出优化建议，从空间、时间两个层面，结合停车价格和路内停车信息化的相关知识为北京市的路内停车设计提供参考。关键词：路内停车；优化设计；道路空间；影响分析AbstractChineseurbanvehiclesdramaticgrowthinthetensesituationofurbanland-roadparkingisdifficulttomeettheneedsofthestatictraffic,socurbparkinghasbecomewidelyusedbyurbantrafficmanagersaparkingmode.Withthedevelopmentofparkingintheroad,however,blockthephenomenonofroadtrafficflowisbecomingincreasinglyapparent,butalsoleadtotheoccurrenceofsomeinsecurity.Therefore,wemustnotlaissez-fairefreedevelopmentofparkingintheroadparkingtotherightpathwithinsetconditionsandmethodstooptimizethedesigntominimizethenegativeimpactofcurbparkinginordertoachievethefullandrationaluseofroadspacetoimprovetheroadtrafficorder.Thisarticleillustratesseveralcommonexamplesofcurbparkingmode,toseparatethetrafficefficiencyofthemixedroadtraffic,Vehicle’saccelerationanddecelerationdelayandwiththerelaxationdelay,learnsthefrictioneffectandblockeffectofcurbparking.Thesejobscombinedwithinvestigationconcludes,summedupdesignprinciplesandmethods,Settingconditionsandbasis.Accordingtotheseabovestudies,giveoutthecurbparking(inBeijing,forexample)principlesofoptimizedesign.FinallygivestheproblemsofparkinginBeijing,andgivesoptimizationsuggestionfromspaceandtime.Keywords：Curbparking;optimaldesign;roadspace;impactanalysis-I-目录1绪论......................................................................................................................11.1课题研究的内容与思路............................................................................11.1.1研究目的、研究内容....................................................................11.1.2研究思路........................................................................................21.2国外研究概况............................................................................................21.3国内研究概况............................................................................................32路内停车设计的理论分析和设计依据..............................................................32.1路内停车设计原则....................................................................................32.1.1系统原则.........................................................................................42.1.2协调原则.........................................................................................42.1.3动态原则.........................................................................................42.1.4可行原则.........................................................................................42.2路内停车设计和设置................................................................................52.2.1路内停车的设计方法.....................................................................52.2.2路内停车的设置条件.....................................................................52.2.3路内停车的设置依据....................................................................63路内停车方式及分析..........................................................................................63.1路内停车的三种形式................................................................................63.1.1平行式.............................................................................................63.1.2斜列式.............................................................................................73.1.3垂直式.............................................................................................83.2路内停车的道路交通流影响分析............................................................83.2.1不同路内停车形式的摩擦效应.....................................................83.2.2不同路内停车形式的阻滞效应.....................................................93.2.3设置路内停车后车辆运行情况的分析.........................................94北京市路内停车的优化设计............................................................................104.1北京市路内停车设计原则......................................................................104.2北京市路内停车调整...............................................................................114.2.1路内停车价格调整.......................................................................114.2.2路内停车时间调整.......................................................................124.2.3路内停车信息服务..............................................................................12-II-5结论....................................................................................................................13参考文献................................................................................................................14致谢................................................................................................................15北京城市学院2012届毕业设计（论文）11绪论近年来，随着我国经济发展与人民日益增长的物质需求，机动车的数量大大增加，许多大中型城市的机动车拥有量年增长率超过2