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41212JOIJRBFNLOASAICCSNIEIDNAEENGNRIEENIGVol.14.SuPPlent1{lenrZ:100530(2,)S1087:x,32:A,(,30)7:,,...,,,..,,,,.:;;;,,or.、、、9070806050403020100..,,2,、、,.,.l60120,,,10,.1995200580.lFig.1Ine~ingtendeneyofeowrdseontandtrnrple.,.,,.1,,.,:208:(2004BA80353);(70373031):..,Supplement:.,,,,,.,,.1.1.,.wertheimer,,.istll[’〕,,4.7/m,;2,4.0n2.Fig·2Cowrddensi,ydis,irbuitonwheneonssetand~1P”idsasetroccurrde3(2):,.pt4.0!’〕,,;0.5pZ4.0/.,0.51.0s,;(p30.5s),(1.34s),.,、、、,,,,,.();,,(),,,,.1.2.,[`〕.,,4500N..:.,gm..:30%75%.,,53430N.Helibgn[’】,():(r)01,、01、、U`)e``)`)m`(:)+。(`)(2)110Vol.14,m.(:)e)(`)。`(,)t.·(`,,:J(i),i.:(:)·2,(t)()4001},,0}}300}l260}}_,__2oo}、6O[}l`.Helibgn.、O’.…012:14,.~_._.....…J....`.~...5678910/、/m.-sl3Fig.3Relati.〕nshipofevaeuatio,timeandexetedvelocity(3).!6},1.5s,。。.1.5s,.,.,。。5s(3),16X()N/m,,[’T.1.3,,:,、,;,[6〕:。:(`)P``/=iU)(3),p`(t):,(0),,(t)..(t).(3),,,...,(`)〔1p`(:)」(0)+p:(:)。,,(:),(0),。.,,,.0.4,,;0.4,,,,,,,.1.4.:,,,.,SuPPlement:.,,..,.4Fig.4Ifonmrationeounnunieationinte-rewd1.5、、,.,,,,0[].,’.(4).·(),.,,.,,,.,.2Furin,IFST.〔’」,4,:,,,.lFsT,.,,,:R=P(/N:)F(f,z)(4)112_〔Vol.14,,.,,,,.p(/N:),.,,,.,,()(NS)(N;).F,l),f,,(f)4500N,t)3min)!’〕.t,,,,:rE(,,,。,,I,M)(5),p,。,p,I,M.,p,。,!.3,IM.3,,.,40%,,,.5:2.1,./,,.,,,.,,,,,,,.、.,./,,,,.2.2、.,.,..,.,,,;,,,.,,Supplement:.2.3,..,,;.、,.、.、;(,).,,.,,,,.2.4、,、;,..、..2.5,、,.,、..,,..,,.3,,、,.,.,、、、、、,,.,,、,.,.1〕Paulw.Pdneipalcorwdmanementstarteeschie[R」.sentation00theDanishCommitteeonConeedand114V1.14[2][3]ō..Jō...J4ùù...tLeeJ,..Jó...JōweJ6R[9]FestivalSafety.Colagen,eDnma,2()SrillK.Corwddml.e【D」.hPDhtesis,Unive、ityofWa、eh,AuatZ〕,/http://~.eorwddynaznies.co5.FangZ,SM,JA.onhterelatio、hipeencrowdde.ilydomvemenrvel,ily[J〕.FierSertyJ。,mal,(2X()3),38:271283FruinJJ.eaeuseandprevenitonOfemwdidasste。【C/OL」.PrOCeedinoftheFiotIntemationalConfe,noeonEneenofrCorwdasIy,ndon,Mh3,1993【)2·l12」.htp://~.e,das.eomHelbiD,llIesJ,FozkasJ,etal.simulatlonof~ane,wdsinnomrandevacuiatonsituatiosn【A」,edP.,itr,andEv,uationares[C」.M.hcerkenand51).Shaann(des),2001:21sHeingD,FakrasL,Vie,kT.Simulng.lynanuealafetu,of,n〔J〕.Nauter,2,,(28):487)SimhtRA,DiekieJl.Enneeirfore,yt【M」.ElseerieneeB.V.,A*eam,1993:233239ruFinJ.ManngleventsandtYudionsatastt,。utem,vi,[R〕,D,ioA~iaest`。,2”:3442Hopkins1HG,PourlnetySJ,HesP,.al.Corwd〕~。monitoirng【C」.//ShtRA,DiekieJF(。).EnigneeirngofrCorwclSry.Elsevier,A.`tedlam,1993:389398skAnalysisofCrowdTraml.leDisasetrandIstPrevention11IJMao,、VANGZhen(CenetrforuPblieSerRhOfNankiaUnveslrty,Tiain3X),1,ChinaAbstmCtInmdeernsociety,eorwdapaJinallkindsofpublievenues,usuallywithoutseirousporblems.Buthwenundersomeeert:`ineicrum,;taneesandeertaineonditions,tarmpledis。tesrmaybetireerd.hTisparanalyez.1thefacto,thaterlatedtothedisaster.Summairzedthemaseorwddensity,velocity,focres,e.〕mmunieaton,htedemoPhyehaareteirstieoftheoorwdandhtesizeoftheerowdete.Basedonhteersltsoftheanalysis,theirskequationoftamrpledisasterwasestablished.Finaliy,wederwae〔·nelusionhtattheeureialfaetosrtoperventthedisasterweertoenh·aneehtesajertyappereiati!〕nofhteeorwd,efoneeorwdmanenlent,snenhteoani:tionandperpaartionofeactivity,suvevrisethemovementofthe(:orwdineraltime.oTbe「intout,hteer:,opnsibilit》ofhteeontorllesr15hteextermelyim.nttoPerventhtediasster.Keywords:eorwdgatheirng;eursh。taxnrple;eauseafetosr:irskequation;perventmeasuers