期末复习宝典初二下册英语语法精讲及练习(一)一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,nextyear,nextmonth,nextweek,in100years等。begoingtodo(动词原形)结构:表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如:Itisgoingtorain.willdo结构表示将来的用法:1.表示预见Doyouthinkitwillrain?Youwillfeelbetterafteragoodrest.2.表示意图Iwillborrowabookfromourschoollibrarytomorrow.Whatwillshedotomorrow?基本构成如下:一般疑问句构成:(1)will+主语+do…?WillSarahcometovisitmenextSunday?(2)therebe结构的一般疑问句:Willthere+be…?Willtherebefewertrees?Yes,therewill./No,therewon’t否定句构成:will+not(won’t)+doSarahwon’tcometovisitmenextSunday.特殊疑问句构成:特殊疑问词+will+主语+…?WhatwillSarahdonextSunday?(二)should的用法:should用来提出建议和忠告,后边加动词原形,否定句直接在should后边加not.例如:Ithinkyoushouldeatlessjunkfood.我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。Shedrivesalotandsheseldomwalks.SoIthinksheshouldwalkalot.她经常开车,很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。Studentsshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeplayingcomputergames.学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。学习向别人提建议的几种句式:(1)Ithinkyoushould…(2)Well,youcould…(3)Maybeyoushould…(4)Whydon’tyou…?(5)Whataboutdoingsth.?(6)You’dbetterdosth.(三)过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。1.构成was/were+doing,例如:IwaswatchingTVat9o’clocklastnight.at9o’clocklastnight是时间点Theywereplayingfootballallafternoon.期末复习宝典allafternoon是时间段2.过去进行时的标志词at8o’clocklastnight,thistimeyesterday等。例如:Iwashavinglunchathomethistimeyesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。Atthattimeshewaswritingabook.那阵子她在写一本书。(表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。)(四)间接引语形成步骤:(1)不要逗号,冒号,引号(2)要考虑到人称的变化(人称的变化与汉语是一致的)(3)要考虑时态的变化(4)要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化。1.直接引语变成间接引语时,几个主要时态的变化规律直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时2.直接引语变成间接引语时,一些词汇的变化规律直接引语1.am/is2.are3.have/has4.will5.can6.may间接引语1.was2.were3.had4.would5.could6.might4.动词时态和代词等的变动(1).某些代词,限定词,表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则:直接引语间接引语todaythatdaynowthen,atthatmomentyesterdaythedaybeforethedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbeforetomorrowthenextday/thefollowingdaythedayaftertomorrowtwodaysafter,/intwodaysnextweek/monthetcthenextweek/monthetclastweek/monthetctheweek/monthetc.beforeheretherethisthatthesethosecomegobringtake(2).如果引述动词为现在时形式,则间接引语中的动词时态,代词,限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。而如果引述动词是过去时,以上内容就要有相应变化。变化情况如下:现期末复习宝典在时间推移到过去的时间(注意:如果直接引语是表示客观规律的,那么时态仍然用一般现在时一般现在时→一般过去时;现在进行时→过去进行时;一般将来时→过去将来时;现在完成时→过去完成时;(五)if引导的条件状语从句结构:if+一般现在时,主语+将来时含义:如果……,将要……例如:Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.如果你请求他,他会帮助你。Ifneedbe,we’llworkallnight.如果需要,我们就干个通宵。if引导的条件状语从句。If是连词,所连接的句子叫条件状语从句,表示假设或条件,意思是“如果…的话”,用法如下:1、表示假设,表示将会发生和可能发生的事,或进行提醒警告。句子结构如下:If+句子(一般现在时),+主句(主语will/may/can)+动词)a.Ifyoufinishyourhomework,youcangooutandplay.b.IfIhaveenoughmoneynextyear,Iwillgototravel.2.表示真实条件、客观真理、自然现象、定理定义.民间谚语等,句型是:If+句子(一般现在时),+主句(一般现在时).例:Ifyoustudyhard,youaresuretosucceed.Ifyouputiceinawarmplace,itturnsintowater.Ifaglassfallsonthefloor,itusuallybreaksIfyoucookabanana,itbecomesverysoft.Ifaplantdon’tgetenoughlight,itgrowsverytallandthin.【试题答案】1.A2.C3.C4.C5.D6.A7.B8.C9.A10.C11.B12.B13.D14.D15.B期末复习宝典()1.Beijingwonthechances_________the2008Olympics.A.tohostB.hostC.hostingD.hosted()2.TigerWoodscanmakebillions______dollarsayear.A.forB.withC.ofD.on()3.-Youlookedsobeautifulattheparty.-_______.A.No,Idon’tthinksoB.OfcourseC.ThankyouverymuchD.No,I’mnotbeautiful()4.Thetextisveryeasyforyou.Thereare______newwordsinit.A.afewB.alittleC.fewD.little()5.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper________“WhoMovedMycheese”wasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.whatC.howD.if()6.-InourEnglishstudyreadingismoreinterestingthanspeaking,Ithink.-Idon’tagree.Speakingis_______reading.A.asimportantasB.soimportantasC.themoreimportantD.themostimportant()7.Ifhe________harder,he’llcatchupwithus.A.workB.worksC.workedD.willwork()8.Themanager________thatthebusinesswouldbeworseafterthestock(股票)wentdown.A.talkedB.toldC.saidD.spoke()9.Weshouldkeep_________inthereading-room.A.quietB.quietlyC.quiteD.quickly()10.-Ithinkeverythinggoesonwell.-_______.A.SoIdoB.IdosoC.SodoID.SoisI()11.IfyouwanttowatchTV,youmayturn_______.A.downB.itonC.onitD.itoff()12.I’msorryIhaven’tgotanymoney.I’ve________myhandbagathome.A.missedB.leftC.putD.forgotten()13.Heislisteningtothemusic_______sheiswashingclothes.A.afterB.beforeC.thatD.while()14.Ittakes________timetogotoBeijingbyplanethanbytrain.A.moreB.fewerC.longerD.less()15.-Excuseme.Haveyougotaneraser?-Sorry,Ihaven’t.Why_______youaskMary?Perhapsshe’sgotone.A.doB.don’tC.didD.didn’t