英语专业四级完形填空专项

完形填空专项（一）大纲解读测试要求：A.能在全面理解所给短文内容的基础上，选择一个最佳答案使短文意思和结构完整。B.考试时间为10分钟。测试形式：本部分采用选择题。在一篇约250个单词、题材熟悉、难度中等的短文中留出10个空格。每个空格为一题，要求学生从所给的词库中选择最佳答案。测试目的：测试学生的综合语言知识和技能。文章选材特点：专业四级请按行天空选用的文章一般来自英美主流报纸杂志，语言地道，逻辑条理清晰。文体以记叙文、说明文及议论文为主。（二）完形填空5大答题步骤1.通览全文，把握要旨记叙文：时间、地点、人物就是关键词，注意抓住故事的线索；议论文：作者的观点或者立场是关键，要特别注意文章首尾及各段主题句；说明文：所介绍的事物的特征是关键。2.按词性对词库中的备选项进行分类3.通过语法分析确定空格所填词词性4.综合考虑，选出答案5.对照全文，检查答案（三）利用语法知识确定词性和词形一、如何确定空白处为动词1.n./pron.vt.n./pron./todo/-ing2.n./pron.vi.（空格后无宾语）3.n./pron.vi.adv./prep.（与副词/介词搭配）4.n./pron.linkv./beadj.5.tov./-ing例：Werarely(34)_____toconsiderwhyorhowtheyrun—untilsomethinggoeswrong.（应填入一个动词原形）（三）利用语法知识确定词性和词形二、如何确定空白处为分词1.has/have/had/p.p.2.bep.p.(被动语态）3.p.p.n.或n.p.p.（作形容词修饰限定名词）4.bev.-ing（进行时态）5.v.-ingn.或n.v.-ing（作形容词修饰限定名词）例：Trainsrefusedtomoveandthepeopleinthemsatinthedark,powerlesstodoanything;liftsstoppedworking,sothatevenifyouwereluckyenoughnottobe(36)______betweentwofloors,…（根据结构可填入adj./v.-ing/p.p.，再根据语义作判断应填入p.p.trapped。）（三）利用语法知识确定词性和词形三、如何确定空白处为名词1.a/an/the/adj./vt.n.2.n.v.（主语）3.prep.n.(介词宾语，此处也可以是动名词）例：Foragreatmanyhours,lifecamealmosttoa(35)______.(应填入可数名词单数）（三）利用语法知识确定词性和词形四、如何确定空白处为形容词1.adj.n.或n.adj.2.adv.adj.（此处也可是分词）3.be/linkv.adj.4.adj.adj.n.(两个形容词共同修饰名词）例：Inthehome,many(32)_______devicesarepoweredbyelectricity.（可填入形容词做前置定语）（三）利用语法知识确定词性和词形五、如何确定空白处为副词1.adv.v.或v.adv.2.adv.adj.3.adv.句子例：Evenwhenweturnoffthebedsidelampandare(33)_____asleep,electricityisworkingforus,drivingourrefrigerators,heatingourwater,orkeepingourroomsair-conditioned.（应填入副词修饰asleep）。（四）完形填空解题技巧一、确定积极还是消极意义，缩小选择范围例：Peoplewereafraidtoleavetheirhouses,foralthoughthepolicehadbeenorderedto(standby)incaseofemergency,theywerejustasconfusedand(40)______asanybodyelse.（根据confused作判断，应为消极意义，需选择与confused并列的形容词）（四）完形填空解题技巧二、利用词库中同词性的形近词例：Neonlightingusedinadvertisinghasbecomepartofthecharacterofeverymoderncity.Inthehome,many(32)______devicesarepoweredbyelectricity.(labor-saving;money-saving)(根据语义判断形近词money-saving为干扰项，应选labor-saving)（四）完形填空解题技巧三、利用词库中的近义词或反义词例：Inthesummerof1959,somethingdidgowrongwiththepower-plantthatprovidedNewYorkwithelectricity.Foragreatmanyhours,lifecamealmosttoa(35)______.(pause;standstill)（根据a判断应填入名词，从foragreatmanyhours推敲应该是停滞不前而不是暂停，故选standstill)（四）完形填空解题技巧四、利用词汇复现原词同义词近义词上义词下义词A.lookingB.focusonC.variousD.extensiveE.regionF.differences.G.famousH.enormousI.entireJ.overallK.neitherL.exactlyM.need.N.eitherO.geographyGeographyisthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenpeopleandtheland.Geographerscompareandcontrast(1)_____placesontheearth.Buttheyalsogobeyondtheindividualplacesandconsidertheearthasawhole.ThewordgeographycomesfromtwoGreekwords,ge,theGreekwordfor“earth”andgraphein,whichmeans“towrite”.TheEnglishwordgeographymeans“todescribetheearth”.Somegeographybooks(2)_____asmallarealikeatownorcity.Othersdealwitha(3)_____,astate,anation,oran(4)_____continent.Manygeographybooksdealwiththewholeearth.Anotherwaytodividethestudyof(5)____istodistinguishbetweenphysicalgeographyandculturalgeography.Theformerfocusesonthenaturalworld;thelatterstartswithhumanbeingsandstudieshowhumanbeingsandtheirenvironmentactuponeachother.Butwhengeographyisconsideredasasinglesubject,(6)____branchcanneglecttheother.Ageographermightbedescribedasonewhoobserves,records,andexplainsthe(7)___betweenplaces.Ifallplaceswerealike,therewouldbelittle(8)forgeographers.Weknow,however,thatnotwoplacesare(9)_____thesame.Geography,then,isapointofview,aspecialwayof(10)______atplaces.A.lookingB.focusonC.variousD.extensiveE.regionF.differences.G.famousH.enormousI.entireJ.overallK.neitherL.exactlyM.need.N.eitherO.geographyGeographyisthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenpeopleandtheland.Geographerscompareandcontrast(1)_____placesontheearth.Buttheyalsogobeyondtheindividualplacesandconsidertheearthasawhole.ThewordgeographycomesfromtwoGreekwords,ge,theGreekwordfor“earth”andgraphein,whichmeans“towrite”.TheEnglishwordgeographymeans“todescribetheearth”.Somegeographybooks(2)_____asmallarealikeatownorcity.Othersdealwitha(3)_____,astate,anation,oran(4)_____continent.Manygeographybooksdealwiththewholeearth.Anotherwaytodividethestudyof(5)____istodistinguishbetweenphysicalgeographyandculturalgeography.Theformerfocusesonthenaturalworld;thelatterstartswithhumanbeingsandstudieshowhumanbeingsandtheirenvironmentactuponeachother.Butwhengeographyisconsideredasasinglesubject,(6)____branchcanneglecttheother.Ageographermightbedescribedasonewhoobserves,records,andexplainsthe(7)___betweenplaces.Ifallplaceswerealike,therewouldbelittle(8)____forgeographers.Weknow,however,thatnotwoplacesare(9)_____thesame.Geography,then,isapointofview,aspecialwayof(10)______atplaces.v.-ingv.padj.adj.nn.pladj.adj.adj.n./adj./advpron./adj.adv.v./npron./adj.nCBEIOKFMLAWhatdowemeanbyaperfectEnglishpronunciation?Inone(1)_____thereareasmanydifferentkindsofEnglishastherearespeakersofit.Notwospeakersspeakin(2)_______thesameway,wecanalwaysheardifferencesbetweenthem,andthepronunciationofEnglish(3)_____agreatdealindifferent(4)______areas.HowdowedecidewhatsortofE