现在完成时练习题

1现在完成时1、用法：（1）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。Ihavealreadypostedthephotos.（2）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。Ihaven’tseenherthesedays.2、时间词：for+一段时间,since+时间点，since+从句（过去时）,sofar,just,before,already(“已经”,肯定句中，be后，实义动词前),ever(曾经),never,yet(“还，然而”,否定、疑问句句末)等。注：对for+一段时间,since+时间点，since+从句（过去时）提问，用HowlongI’veknownLiLeiforthreeyears.→HowlonghaveyouknownLiLei?Theyhavelivedheresince2005/sincesixyearsago.→Howlonghavetheylivedhere?ShehastaughtussinceIcametothisschool.I’veneverbeentothatfarmbefore.Ihaven’tlearnedthewordyet.Hehasalreadybeentheretwice.3、结构：助动词have(has)+过去分词(has用于第三人称单数，have用于其他所有人称)4、过去分词的构成：（1）一般情况下在词尾直接加ed。play―playedwork―workedlook---looked（2）以e结尾的动词只加d.like---likedlove―lovedlive---lived（3）以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加ed.study―studiedworry---worried（4）以重读闭音节结尾的动词，双写辅音字母，再加ed.stop―stopped5、句式：（1）肯定句：Hehasbeenherefortenyears.（2）否定句：haven’t/hasn’t+过去分词：Hehasn’tcomeherefortenyears.（3）一般疑问句：have/has放句首：Hashebeenherefortenyears?Yes,hehas.//No,hehasn’t.6、have/hasbeento曾经去过某地。IhavebeentoAustralia.(我去过澳大利亚。)have/hasgoneto某人去了某地，指说话人不在现场。MymotherhasgonetoShanghai.Have/hasbeenin在某地IhavebeeninGuilinforfiveyears/sinceIwas20.7、(1)leave,go,come,arrive,begin/start,buy,borrow,die,join,become等非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的词(for+时间段,since+时间点/从句)连用,也不能用在howlong引导的问句中。I'veleftShanghaiforthreedays.(×)I'vebeenawayfromShanghaiforthreedays.(√)IleftShanghaithreedaysago.(√)Itis/hasbeenthreedayssinceIleftShanghai.(√)但:非延续性动词在否定句中，可用现在完成时:Ihaven’tboughtanythingfortwomonths.(2)要表示持续时,可用以下方法:①将时间状语改为时间段+ago,句中谓语动词用一般过去时.Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.我弟弟参军两年了②若保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句,或用在howlong句型中,则需将非延续性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词。非延续性动词与延续性动词的对应关系如下:come/go/arrive/get/reach/move------bein/atopen-----beopenend/finish-----beoverborrow---keepdie------bedeadbuy-----havebegin/start-----beonleave-----beaway(from)fallasleep----beasleepputon----wearbecome---becatchacold-----haveacoldclose----beclosedjointhearmy/Party-----beinthearmy/PartyMybrotherhasjoinedthearmyfortwoyears.(×)Mybrotherhasbeeninthearmyfortwoyears.(√)2Hehasborrowedmybookfortwodays.(×)Mygrandpahasdiedsincelastyear.(×)Hehaskeptmybookfortwodays.(√)Mygrandpahasbeendeadsincelastyear.(√)Ihaveboughtthenewwatchsinceamonthago.(×)Ihavehadthenewwatchsinceamonthago.(√)8、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：一般过去时:只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在没关系，可以和表示过去的时间词连用；现在完成时:强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调现在的情况，不能与表示过去的时间状语连用。eg:Isawafilmyesterday.（昨天我看了一部电影。一般过去时态）Ihaveseenthefilm。（我曾经看过这部电影。现在完成时态）9、不规则动词表：cost---cost---costcut---cut----cuthit---hit---hithurt---hurt----hurtlet---let---letput---put---putset----set----setread----read----readbring---brought---broughtbuy---bought---boughtfight----fought----foughtthink----thought-----thoughtfind----found----foundbuild---built----builtlend----lent----lentsend----sent----sentspend----spent---spentcatch---caught----caughtteach----taught-----taughtdig---dug---dughang----hung----hungfeed----fed----fedmeet----met----metlead----led----ledfeel---felt----feltkeep----kept----keptsleep----slept----sleptleave----left-----leftlose----lost----lostmean----meant----meantget---got----gothave---had---hadhear----heard----heardhold----held----heldmake----made----madepay----paid-----paidsay----said----saidsell----sold----soldshine---shone----shonesit---sat----satwin---won---wontell----told----toldstand----stood----stoodunderstand---understood---understoodburn---burnt----burntdream---dreamt----dreamtlearn----learnt----learntsmell----smelt----smeltspell----spelt---speltchoose---chose---chosenbreak----broke----brokenwake----woke----wokenspeak----spoke----spokenforget----forgot----forgottendrive---drove---drivenride----rode----riddenrise----rose----risenwrite----wrote----writtengive----gave----givenhide----hid----hiddentake----took----takeneat----ate---eatenfall----fell----fallenbecome----became----becomecome---came----comerun----ran---run3begin---began---begundrink---drank---drunkring----rang---rungsing----sang---sungswim----swam----swumfly---flew----flownblow----blew----blowngrow----grew----grownthrow----threw----thrownknow----knew----knowndraw----drew----drawnbear----bore---bornwear---wore---wornam/is----was----beenare---were----beenbeat---beat---beatendo---did---donelie---lay---lainsee----saw----seenshow---showed----shown现在完成时练习题一.用since和for填空1.twoyears2.twoyearsago3.lastmonth4.19995.yesterday6.4o’clock7.4hours8.anhour9.wewerechildren10.lunchtime11.shelefthere12.HehaslivedinNanjingtheyearbeforelast.13.I’veknownhim______wewerechildren.14.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanese______threeyears.15.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity______abouttenyears.16.It’sabouttenyears__________sheleftthecity.17.JimhasbeeninIreland______Monday.18.JillhasbeeninIreland______threedays.19.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia______15days.20.Maryisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere______7o'clock.21.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry______1974.22.Thebusislate.They'vebeenwaiting______20minutes.23.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenempty______manyyears.24.Mikehasbeenill______alongtime.Hehasbeeninhospital______October.二.用适当形式填空：1.Ialready(see)thefilm.I________(see)itlastweek.2._____he(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.3.