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B8-U1词汇学习1.distinctionn.差别；区分；卓著make/drawadistinctionbetweenAandB对……加以区分withoutdistinction无差别地；一视同仁地withdistinction以优异的成绩,以杰出的表现gain/obtain/windistinction出名Thereisafinedistinctionbetweenthetwowords.这两个字之间有细微区别。Weshouldmakeadistinctionbetweenrightandwrong.我们应该分清是非。Wemustmakeadistinctionbetweenfreedomandlicense.我们必须把自由和放纵区分开来。Michaelgraduatedwithdistinctionfromtheuniversity.迈克尔以优异的成绩从大学毕业了。Hepassedtheexaminationwithdistinction.他以优异成绩通过考试。Employersshouldhiremenandwomenwithoutdistinction.雇主用人应不分男女。distinctadj.清晰的；明显的；明确的bedistinctin...from...在某方面与……不同Mozart'sstyleisquitedistinctfromHaydn's.莫扎特在风格上与海顿截然不同。Therewasadistinctsenseofembarrassmentintheair.周围的气氛中有一种明显的局促不安的感觉。Sheistryingtoremaincalm,butthereisadistinctedgetohervoice.她竭力想保持冷静，但她的声音中却显然带着怒气。2.liveon继续活着,继续存在；住在…上；以…为食1.Shelivedonformanyyearsafterherhusbanddied.丈夫死后她继续活了多年。2.Thesetraditionswillliveonforcenturies.这些传统将世代相传.3.Thecomposer'sworkswillalwaysliveon.这位作曲家的作品将永远留在人间.4.Thepeoplefindithardtoliveon.民不聊生.5.Mostmammalsliveonland.大多数哺乳动物生活在陆地上.6.MostofAsiansliveonrice.多数亚洲人以大米为主食.7.Thelonelyoldmanlivesoncharity.8.Mozartisdeadbuthismusicliveson.[短语归纳]live短语：liveonsth以某物为食,靠某种经济来源生活livebydoingsth靠做某事物为生liveforsth以某事物为生活目标livethroughsth经历某事物而幸存livetogether在一起生活；同居liveuptosth依照某事物行事；表现出符合某事物的标准livewithsth接受或容忍某现象livetobe...=livetotheageof...活到……岁livea...life过着……的生活3.meansn．手段；方法(单复数同形)①Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried，butnoneworked.＝Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried，butnoneworked.各种可能的办法都尝试了，但没有一种奏效。bythismeans通过这种方式bymeansof用……办法；借助……byallmeans一定，务必；好的，当然可以byeverymeans用尽一切可能的办法bynomeans决不，一点也不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）byanymean无论如何Asisknowntous，telephoneisausefulmeansofcommunication.众所周知，电话是一种有用的通讯工具。InmanyplacesinChina，thebicycleisstillapopularmeansoftransportation.在中国的许多地方，自行车仍然是一种受欢迎的交通工具。Everypossiblemeanshasbeenusedtopreventtheairpollution，buttheskyisstillnotveryclear.为防止空气污染，每种可能的方法都已用过了，但天空仍然不清澈。(1)bymeansof借用，依靠Weexpressourfeelingsbymeansofwords.我们用语言来表达感情。Theactressrosetofameovernightbymeansofherperfectperformanceinthefilm.(2)bynomeans＝notatall一点……也不BynomeansamIsatisfiedwithmypresentjob.我对目前的工作一点也不满意。Thisisbynomeansagoodwaytosolvetheproblem.这绝非解决问题的良计。(3)bythismeans通过这种方式Youcandoitbythismeans.你可以用这种办法去做。(4)byallmeans可以，当然行，务必—MayIuseyourbicycle?—Byallmeans！我可以用你的自行车吗？当然可以！1．Butbynomeans_____withmyprogress.A．theteacherisnotsatisfiedB．istheteachernotsatisfiedC．theteacherissatisfiedD．istheteachersatisfied2．Thepolicelookedintothecasecarefullyandfoundthethiefhadenteredthehouse________aladder.A．bythemeansB．byallmeansC．bywaysofD．bymeansof3．Shecouldn’tspeak，butmadeherwishesknown________sign.A．bymeansofB．byanymeansC．byallmeansD．bynomeans—Doyouthinkweshouldputanadinthepaperforthelostchild?—Yes，________.A．that’sallrightB．byallmeansC．itjustdependsD．nevermind4.inadditionadv.另外；除此之外；并且；况且•Inaddition,相当于副词。①位于两个句子中间，放在从句的句首，后面接完整的句子。Thisgardenhasthebestcollectionofnativeplants.Inaddition,itcontainsnumeroustreesandflowersfromoverseas.这座花园有当地植物的最佳珍藏。另外，它还有无数来自海外的花草树木。•许多词可以和它替换，如：additionally，furthermore，besides。②Inaddition位于句末，相当于“aswell”AuntMarygaveussandwichesforourpicnicandabagofcookiesinaddition.玛丽舅母为我们去郊游准备了三明治，另外还准备了一袋甜饼。WhenDianefell,shehurtherarmand,inaddition,brokeherglasses.黛安妮摔倒时,摔伤了胳臂,还摔坏了眼镜.Youneedmoneyandtime,inaddition,youneeddiligence.你需要金钱和时间，此外你还需要努力。Inadditionto整个词组相当于一个介词，所以to的后面要接名词性成分做宾语。Inadditiontonativeplants,thisgardencontainsnumeroustreesandflowersfromoverseas.除了当地的植物之外，这座花园还有无数来自海外的花草树木。Inadditiontothekilledandwounded,manyweremissing.除了伤亡之外，还有许多人失踪。InChina,bothlatemarriagesandlatechildbirthareadvocated,inadditiontofewerandbetterbirths.在中国,晚婚晚育和少生优生均受到提倡鼓励.5.majorityn．大多数；大半majoradj.&n.较大的，主要的；主修，专攻(反义词minority少数；少数民族)beinthe/amajority构成大部分/大多数haveamajorityoversb获得超过对方的票数A/Themajorityofdoctorsagreethatsmokingisextremelyharmfultohealth.大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。ObamahadamajorityoverMittRomneyandwontheelection.奥巴马得票多于米特罗姆尼，获得大选的胜利。Themajorityofstudentsfinditquitehardtoliveontheamountofmoneytheyget.大多数学生认为靠他们挣得钱生活很难。Themajorityofstudentswereinfavourofthesuggestionthattheygooutforapicnicthenextday.Hewontheseatwithamajorityof71votes.他以71票的优势赢得了该席位。(1)单独用做主语，谓语动词用单数、复数均可。Themajoritywas/wereinfavourofbanningsmoking.大多数人支持禁烟。Themajoritywere/wasagainsttheplan.大多数人反对这个计划。(2)单独用做主语，如果后面的表语是复数，那么谓语动词也用复数。Themajoritywhoattendedthemeetingyesterdayarestudents.昨天参加会议的大多数是学生。Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.这次的损失大部分容易补救。②Inthenursingprofession，womenareina/themajority.女性在护理行业中占大多数。1．Don’tworryaboutthepresentsituationintheworld；________ofpeoplepreferpeacetowar.A．themostB．thegreatpartC．themajorityD．thenumber2.Amongthemembersofthecommitteethosewhoareinfavouroftheplanare______________________(占大多数)．ina/themajority6.keepup坚持；维持；沿袭古老的风俗、传统等；使某人不能去睡觉3.Weshouldkeepupourgoodtraditions.我们应该沿袭我们的优良传统。4).Weshouldtrytokeepup(沿袭)ouroldcustoms.7.makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等cometolife变得更有趣；变得活跃live/leada．..life过着……生活comebacktolife苏醒过来，恢复生机bring...backtolife使……苏醒过来make/startanewlife开始新生活makealivingby靠……谋生①Somepeoplefromthecountryfindithardtomakealifeinbigcities.一些来自农村的人发现很难习惯大城市的生活。②TheymovedoutWe