第9章弯矩分配法力矩分配法是基于位移法的逐步逼近精确解的近似方法。单独使用时只能用于无侧移(线位移)的结构。本章中规定所有杆端弯矩均以绕杆端顺时针方向转为正。§9-1基本概念1.转动刚度、传递系数使AB杆的A端产生单位转角,在A端所需施加的杆端弯矩称为AB杆A端的转动刚度,记作SAB。MAB1iSAB=M=4i4iAB1i转动刚度是施力端没有线位移情况下使本端发生单位转角所需施加的力矩,是对转动的抵抗能力。施力端也称为近端,另一端称为远端。转动刚度除了与线刚度有关,还与远端支承有关。BiABiBiABS1ABS1AAABS1ABiBiBi13iA1i1A0=4BABMi=ABSi=0ABSABiBBAM利用转动刚度可将杆端弯矩用杆端转角表示ABi2i4i1BiAii12142iiCABAB端)弯矩近端(端)弯矩远端(1iiCABAB端)弯矩近端(端)弯矩远端(传递系数:远端弯矩与近端弯矩的比值有了近端弯矩和传递系数即可算出远端弯矩,远端弯矩称为传递弯矩。远端为铰支或自由端时,传递系数为零。例题9-1已知图示梁的抗弯刚度为42210kNmEI利用转动刚度和传递系数的概念计算B截面转角,作弯矩图。4m4mEIEIABC10kNABC10kNM图20kN.m40kN.m解424210kNm44210kNm4mBASi3440kNm/210210kNmBBABAMS练习:作弯矩图abmEIm/2mPFaabb练习:作弯矩图PFaPFEIEIEIaaP/2FP/2FaP/4Fa2.分配系数ABDCMBABBAMBBCMBBCBDBDMBMBDMBCMBAMBABABMSBCBCBMSBDBDBMSBABCBDMMMMBABBCBBDBSSSMBBABCBDMSSSBABABABCBDSMMSSSBCBCBABCBDSMMSSSBDBDBABCBDSMMSSS2.分配系数ABDCMBABBAMBBCMBBCBDBDMBABABABCBDSSSSBCBCBABCBDSSSSBDBDBABCBDSSSSBABAMμMBCBCMμMBDBDMμM分配系数4BASi设各杆线刚度均为i4BDSi3BCSi411BA411BD311BC411BAMM411BDMM311BCMM分配弯矩211ABMM211BDMM0CBM4M/114M/113M/112M/112M/11传递弯矩4BASi3BCSi47BABABABCSSS410kNm7BAM例题9-2计算图示结构,作弯矩图。EIllABC10kNmEI30/740/720/7M图(kN·m)解:37BCBCBABCSSS310kNm7BCM120kNm27ABBAMM2341.5BAEISil22BCEISil410BA22410.2102BAMqlql例题9-3计算图示结构,作弯矩图。解:410BD210.1BCCBMMql210.12DBBDMMqlABDCq1.5llll2EI2EIEIEABDC2EI2EIEI212qlM图0.50.20.20.10.12()ql44BDEISil210BC20.1BCMql20.2BDMql练习:作弯矩图PFlllEIEIPFlllEIEI练习:作弯矩图llEI=常数llMM4M/124M/123M/12M/12ABm10EI12kN/mqCm10EIABmkNq/12CBuBM固定状态:uBM---不平衡力矩,顺时针为正BABCuBM12/2ql2/12100kN.mFABMql固端弯矩---荷载引起的单跨梁两端的杆端弯矩,绕杆端顺时针为正.100kN.mFBAM0FCBFBCMMBuBMFBAMFBCMFBCFBAuBMMM100kN.m放松状态:借助分配系数,传递系数等概念求解§9-2弯矩分配法计算单结点结构BABCuBM4BASi40.5717BABABABCSSS()0.571(100)57.1kNmduBABABMM3BCSi30.4297BCBCBABCSSS()0.429(100)42.9kNmduBCBCBMM0.528.6kNmcdABBAMM0CBMABm10EImkNq/12Cm10EI12/2qlABmkNq/12CuBMABCuBM固定状态:mkNqlMFAB.10012/2mkNMFBA.1000FCBFBCMM放松状态:1.57)(uBBAdBAMM9.42)(uBBCdBCMM6.28BACABCMM0CCBM最终杆端弯矩:6.1286.28100ABM9.421.57100BAM9.429.420BCM0CBMABm10EImkNq/12Cm10EI固定状态:mkNqlMFAB.10012/2mkNMFBA.1000FCBFBCMM放松状态:1.57)(uBBAdBAMM9.42)(uBBCdBCMM6.28BACABCMM0CCBM最终杆端弯矩:6.1286.28100ABM9.421.57100BAM9.429.420BCM0CBMFM分配传递M571.0429.0100100001.579.426.2806.1289.429.420mkNq/126.1289.42M例1.计算图示梁,作弯矩图EIEISBA5.084FM分配传递M5.05.040404505.25.225.1075.385.425.420ABm4EIkN40Cm6EImkN/10m4解:EIEISBC5.0635.0)5.05.0(5.0EIEIBA5.0)5.05.0(5.0EIEIBCkN40mkN/10404045MkN40mkN/105.4275.38例2.计算图示刚架,作弯矩图iSA41000解:2/13441iiiiAAB1Clql2CEIqlliSB31iSC18/33431iiiiB8/1341iiiiCFM分配传递M结点杆端BA1CB1A11A1B1CC11/23/81/8-1/41/41/81636496433230643032111616416436438/2qlql2q4/2ql4/2ql64164332111616060ABmkN.40CmkN/20练习求不平衡力矩mkNMuB.1004060ABm4EImkN.40Cm6EImkN/2060mkN.40uBM练习:作弯矩图ABm5EImkN.100Cm10EIEIEISBA103103解:5EISBC6.0)2.03.0(3.0EIEIBA4.0)2.03.0(2.0EIEIBC10050mkN.100FM分配传递M6.04.050100030200201002020200mkN.10010020