时态复习动词时态表示动作或状态发生或存在的时间(时)和方式(态)。初中阶段主要学习八种时态:一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时学习要领:几乎每一种时态都有它自身的提示词,答题时可以从这点入手(一)一般现在时1、概念:表示目前阶段经常发生的动作或存在的状态2、用法:(1)爱好、习惯、现状、性质或经常性的动作Weoftengotoschoolbybike.Shegoestoschoolbybikeeveryday.ShelivesinGuangzhou.Thisquestioniseasy.(2)表示客观真理或科学事实Themoonmovesroundtheearth.Oneandonemakestwo.3、谓语构成:动词原形/动原加s或es(第三人称单数)4、提示词:always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,every...特别注意:在有if,when,assoonas,until等引导的条件或时间状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来时。如:FatherwillbeveryhappyifIgetagoodmarkinthefinalexam.IwillvisityouassoonasIarrivetomorrow.Iwillnotleaveuntilyoutakemyflowers.Exercises1.Ifyou___carefully,you___theteacher.A.willlisten;willbeunderstandB.willlisten;understandC.listen;willunderstandD.listen;understand2.---It’stimetodoyourhomework,Jack.---Yes,Mum.I’llturnofftheTVassoonastheprogramme____.A.endsB.endC.willbeendedD.willendCA3.Mr.Greenoftentellshisdaughterastorybeforeshe___tosleep.A.willgoB.wentC.isgoingD.goes4.Hewillgothereifit____tomorrow.A.won’trainB.doesn’trainC.isn’trainD.don’train5.---DoyouknowwhentheyaregoingbacktoLondon?---Idon’tknowwhenthey___.ButifI___,I’lltellyou.A.leave;knowB.willleave;knowC.leave;willknowD.willleave;willknowDBB6.Manyastudent________interestedinfilms,butagoodstudentseldom________tothecinema.A.are;goesB.is;goesC.are;goD.is;go7.WhenIwasalittlechild,I___notevenknowthatthemoon________aroundtheearth.A.do;moveB.do;movesC.did;movedD.did;moves8.Iwillnotpromiseyouanythinguntilyou___methetruth.A.tellsB.tellC.willtellD.toldBDB(二)现在进行时1.用法:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作Wearehavingclassnow.2.谓语构成:be+v-ing即是:am/are/is+v-ing(现在分词/动名词)3.提示词:now,look,listen特别注意:(1)一些表示感觉、心理、态度的动词没有进行时态:see(看见),hear(听见),like(喜欢),love(爱),hate(恨),know(知道),think(认为),feel(感觉),want(想要),hope(希望),agree(同意),have(有)(2)一些动词的进行时形式可用来表将来时:(翻译时)go,come,leave,start.arrive,return,die,win如:Theoldmanisdying.(那位老人将要死了。)Thefinalexamiscoming,soisthewinterholiday.(三)现在完成时1.用法:(1)动作在过去发生,现在已经完成,但影响还在。(结果)Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework提示词:already,yet,just,ever,never(2)动作在过去发生,并一直持续到现在。Ihavestudiedinthisschoolforthreeyears.Ihavestudiedinthisschoolsincethreeyearsago.提示词:for+一段时间:foroneyearsince+(过去)一点时间:sinceoneyearago2.谓语构成:have/has+过去分词(-ed,…)特别注意:1.have/hasbeento...去过…(已回来)have/hasgoneto...去…了(未回来)have/hasbeenin…在…(一直都在说话人提到的地方)2.瞬间动词不能和“since/for+时间”短语或Howlong问句连用:①Theyhaveleft.②Theyhaveleftforoneyear.③Theyhavebeenawayforoneyear.④Howlonghavetheyleft?⑤Howlonghavetheybeenaway?(×)(√)(√)(√)(×)一定要讲明“多长时间”时,瞬间性动词要用相应的持续性动词或词组转换:buy(have)borrow(keep)leave(beaway)die(bedead)begin(beon)stop(beover)join(bein,bea...)marry(bemarried)makefriends(befriends)例:Theoldmanhasdied.Theoldmanhasbeendeadforoneyear.Exercises:1.He___forthreeyears.A.hasjoinedB.hasbeeninthearmyC.joinedD.hasservedthearmy2.Hisgrandfather______forthirtyyears.A.diedB.wasdeadC.hasbeendeadD.hasdied3.I______frommybrotherforalongtime.A.nothaveheardB.havenotheardC.haveheardnotD.donothearCDB(四)一般过去时1.用法:表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态(包括习惯性动作,用often)Ioftenwenttoschoolbybikelastyear.Didyouoftengotoschoolbybikelastyear?2.谓语构成:动词过去式(ed,…)疑问句中借Did后动词打回原形3.提示词:yesterday,in1993,…ago,lastMonday…特别注意:一般过去时与现在完成时的区别:一般过去时:强调动作,只是表示事情发生在过去,陈述一个事实,它可以和确定的表示过去的时间状语如:lastnight,in1999,threedaysago等连用现在完成时:强调结果以及对现在的影响,因强调的是现在的情况,所以它不能和确定的表示过去的时间状语连用。①Wesawthefilmlastnight.昨天晚上我们看了那部电影。(单纯只说明昨天晚上看电影这一事实。)②Wehaveseenthatfilm.我们已看过那部电影。(对现在造成的影响是我们对影片已有所了解。)(做题时要看说话人的意图,也可根据提示词的不同去选择)(五)过去完成时1.用法:表示“过去的过去”,示意图如下:──▲─────●──────□─→时间更早的时间过去某时间或动作现在(用过去完成时)(用一般过去时)例句:Bythetimewereachedthecinema,thefilmhadbegun.IhadneverstudiedEnglishbeforeIcameherein1999.2.谓语构成:had+过去分词(-ed,...)3.提示词:bythetime,bytheendof…,before,after,when等等特别注意:过去完成时是一种相对时态。即,通常要有两个过去的动作才能用这种时态,因为有对比才能体现出“过去的过去”如:WevisitedtheGreatWalllastweek.IhadvisitedtheGreatWallbeforeIlearnedthistext.Exercises:1.Bytheendoflasttermwe______Englishfortwoyears.A.havestudiedB.havebeenstudiedC.wouldstudiedD.hadstudied2.MrsBrown______inNewYorkforthreeyearsbeforeshewenttoLondon.A.livedB.hadlivedC.haslivedD.willlive3.Whenwearrived,thedinner______.A.alreadybeganB.hasalreadybegunC.hadalreadybegunD.wasjustbegunCBD(六)过去进行时1.用法:过去某个时刻正在进行的动作Shewascleaningherroom.Wewerehavingmathsclassthistimelastweek.2.谓语构成:was/were+v-ing(现在分词)3.提示词:thistime…,when,while,at…o’clock等等考点:这种时态常在when,while引导的状语从句中出现例:①Hewasplayingcomputergameswhenhismothercameback.②WhileIwaswatchingTV,thephonerang.特别注意:while引导的从句一般要用进行时,主句则要根据该动词是持续性的还是短暂性的来定。如:Whilehismotherwascleaningtheroom,hewasplayingcomputergames.(play是持续性动词)(七)一般将来时1.用法:将要发生的动作或存在的状态Wearegoingtohaveanexamnextweek.Ishallarrivetomorrow.Shewillarriveintenminutes.2.谓语构成:①shall/will+动原②begoingto+动原3.提示词:next(year,week…),tomorrow,inamonth,soon,after(class,supper…)注意:①shall通常只用于第一人称②“begoingto+动原”通常表示按计划或打算要做某事或,根据某种迹象某种事件极有可能发生。如:Wearegoingtohaveaholidaynextmonth.Lookattheclouds!It’sgoingtorain.③表示客观必然发生的事不能用begoingto+动原,如:Iwillbe24yearsoldnextyear.Exercises:1.Nextmonth______twentyfive.A.hasmysisterB.mysisterwillbeC.mysistershallhaveD.mysisterisgoingtobe2.You______heragaininafewweeks.A.willseeB.haveseenC.hadseenD.havebeenseenBB(八)过去将来时1.用法:表示从过去某一时