GlinskayaandFengOptionsforAgedCareinChinaOptionsforAgedCareinChinaBuildinganEfficientandSustainableAgedCareSystemElenaGlinskayaandZhanlianFeng,EditorsDIRECTIONSINDEVELOPMENTHumanDevelopmentOptionsforAgedCareinChinaOptionsforAgedCareinChinaBuildinganEfficientandSustainableAgedCareSystemElenaGlinskayaandZhanlianFeng,EditorsDIRECTIONSINDEVELOPMENTHumanDevelopmentOptionsforAgedCareinChina•©2018InternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment/TheWorldBank1818HStreetNW,Washington,DC20433Telephone:202-473-1000;Internet:(CCBY3.0IGO):Attribution—Pleasecitetheworkasfollows:Glinskaya,ElenaandZhanlianFeng,Editors.2018.OptionsforAgedCareinChina:BuildinganEfficientandSustainableAgedCareSystem.DirectionsinDevelopment.Washington,DC:WorldBank.doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1075-6.License:CreativeCommonsAttributionCCBY3.0IGOTranslations—Ifyoucreateatranslationofthiswork,pleaseaddthefollowingdisclaimeralongwiththeattribution:ThistranslationwasnotcreatedbyTheWorldBankandshouldnotbeconsideredanofficialWorldBanktranslation.TheWorldBankshallnotbeliableforanycontentorerrorinthistranslation.Adaptations—Ifyoucreateanadaptationofthiswork,pleaseaddthefollowingdisclaimeralongwiththeattribution:ThisisanadaptationofanoriginalworkbyTheWorldBank.ViewsandopinionsexpressedintheadaptationarethesoleresponsibilityoftheauthororauthorsoftheadaptationandarenotendorsedbyTheWorldBank.Third-partycontent—TheWorldBankdoesnotnecessarilyowneachcomponentofthecontentcontainedwithinthework.TheWorldBankthereforedoesnotwarrantthattheuseofanythird-party-ownedindividualcomponentorpartcontainedintheworkwillnotinfringeontherightsofthosethirdparties.Theriskofclaimsresultingfromsuchinfringementrestssolelywithyou.Ifyouwishtore-useacomponentofthework,itisyourresponsibilitytodeterminewhetherpermissionisneededforthatre-useandtoobtainpermissionfromthecopyrightowner.Examplesofcomponentscaninclude,butarenotlimitedto,tables,figures,orimages.AllqueriesonrightsandlicensesshouldbeaddressedtoWorldBankPublications,TheWorldBankGroup,1818HStreetNW,Washington,DC20433,USA;e-mail:pubrights@worldbank.org.ISBN(paper):978-1-4648-1075-6ISBN(electronic):978-1-4648-1076-3DOI:10.1596/978-1-4648-1075-6Coverphoto:©LiWenyong.Usedwithpermission.Furtherpermissionrequiredforre-use.Coverdesign:DebraNaylor,NaylorDesign,Inc.LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDatahasbeenappliedforTheterm“country,”usedinterchangeablywith“economy,”doesnotimplypoliticalindependencebutreferstoanyterritoryforwhichauthoritiesreportseparatesocialoreconomicstatistics. vOptionsforAgedCareinChina••:IssuesforChina’sDevelopmentofanAgedCareContinuum147Notes149References150Chapter4TheRoleofthePrivateSectorinChina’sSeniorCareIndustry155YvonneLi,CharlieWang,andHeatherWongIntroduction155CommunityandIn-homeSeniorC