四级翻译讲义PPT

四级翻译抢分班北京新东方学校石雷鹏石雷鹏：、IELTS、考研、四六级写作四级翻译命题形式时间5分钟，5道题全部为汉译英，占5%，共36分。在答题卡2上作答。句长为15至30个词，其中有部分英语词汇给出,需添入的部分也只有3到8个单词，考生只需按照英文句子意思把汉语部分翻译成英文。四级翻译考点1.固定搭配（词汇）2.核心语法1.固定搭配(大纲样题)例1：Bycontrast,Americanmothersweremorelikely___________________________(把孩子的成功归因于)naturaltalent.四级英语翻译评分细则1．整体内容和语言均正确，满分。2．结构正确，但整体意思不确切、信息不全或用词不当，得一半分值。3．整体意思正确但语言有错误，得一半分值。4．整体意思完全错误，即使结构正确也不得分。5．大小写错误及标点符号忽略不计。该题目有两个固定搭配考点：1)belikelytodosth;2)owe…to/attribute…to答案：toattribute/owetheirchildren’ssuccessto2.核心语法被动、从句知识（名从、状从、定从）、倒装结构、虚拟语气、比较结构、强调结构、非谓语动词2.核心语法考点：例12010-690．Itissuggestedthattheairconditioner______________(要安装在窗户旁).【考点剖析】本题是典型的语法题目。重点考查考生对虚拟语气和被动的掌握。(should)befixed/installedbythewindow例2：(大纲样题)2.Notonly___________________________(他向我收费过高),buthedidn’tdoagoodrepairjobeither.didhechargemetoomuchdidheoverchargeme四级翻译原则：切忌逐字翻译2007-65.Pleasecomehereattentomorrowmorning_____________________(如果你方便的话).本题主要考查if引导的条件状语从句或固定搭配，“你方便的话”Ifitisconvenientforyouatyourconvenience关注三方面：人称、单复数、动词（时态、语态、语气）成功破解四级汉译英解题流程：第一步：浏览句子、判定考点第二步：判定动词、切块组合切块组合以动词为切入点；先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补，切块对应翻译，重新组合。动词注意时态，名词注意单复数。语法考点：1.被动2006-0691.Thoughaskilledworker,__________(他被公司解雇了)lastweekbecauseoftheeconomiccrisis.第一步：由Thoughaskilledworker,lastweekbecauseoftheeconomiccrisis.可以推出，划线处应该补全完整主句，时态由lastweek确定为一般过去时态。第二步：1.切块翻译：“解雇”=befired(注意被动)；“他”=he；“公司”=company2.重新组合：[正确答案]：hewasfiredbythecompanyfiredismiss2008-0687.Oureffortswillpayoffiftheresultsoftheresearch_____________________(能应用于新技术的开发).考点：固定搭配和被动语态“applyto”canbeappliedtothedevelopmentofthenewtechnology2008-1291.theanti-virusagentwasnotknown___________________(直到一名医生偶然发现了它)答案：untilitwasaccidentallyfound/discoveredbyadoctoruntiladoctorfounditbychance2010-690．Itissuggestedthattheairconditioner______________(要安装在窗户旁).(should)befixed/installedbythewindow2010-1288.Themagnificentmuseum_______(据说建成于)aboutahundredyearsago.【结构分析】主语为thesignificantmuseum，谓语（据说建成于）aboutahundredyearsago为时间状语。【考点】①被动语态:主语museum与动词build之间为被动关系;且bulid这一动作发生在过去。②据说besaidto；besaidto+动词不定式的完成时，表示不定式表示的动作已经完成。【答案】：issaidtohavebeenbuilt语法考点：2.定语从句定从翻译步骤：a.写出正确简单句，并确定中心话题(名词)b.中心话题后加入定从，关系词：who/whose/which/where/when；若关系词在从句中做宾语，可省略。Eg:他是个从来不听磁带的人。两步：a.Heisa_____________________.b.Heisamanwhoneverlistenstoanytapes.2007-0688.ThepreventionandtreatmentofAIDSis______________(我们可以合作的领域).第一步：浏览句子，判定考点：定语从句第二步：1.补充完成主句，注意单复数….thefield,2.完成定语从句写作：判定动词,切块翻译答案：thefieldwherewecancooperate或者：thefieldinwhichwecancooperate请暂停完成以下练习：87.Medicalresearchersarepainfullyawarethattherearemanyproblems(他们至今还没有答案)90.__________(与我成长的地方相比),thistownismoreprosperousandexciting.91.Theyrequestedthat__________(我借的书还回图书馆)bynextFriday.2008-12：87.Medicalresearchersarepainfullyawarethattherearemanyproblems(他们至今还没有答案)thattheyhaven’tfoundanswerstotowhichtheystillhavenoanswers2008-6：90.__________(与我成长的地方相比),thistownismoreprosperousandexciting.ComparedwiththeplacewhereIgrewup2010-1291.Theyrequestedthat__________(我借的书还回图书馆)bynextFriday.booksIborrowedshouldbereturnedtothelibraryIshouldreturnbooksIborrowedtothelibrary定从考点强化练习：1.Whatheobjectstoisthebureaucracy,________________.(这种情况正在不断滋长)2.Wefeltverydisappointedaftertheshow,______________.(因为很多应该参加演出的名演员没有来)1.Whatheobjectstoisthebureaucracy,________________.(这种情况正在不断滋长)whichisontheincrease.Whichisincreasing2.Wefeltverydisappointedaftertheshow,______________.(因为很多应该参加演出的名演员没有来)asmanyfamousstarswhoshouldhaveappeareddidnotcome.语法考点：3.名词性从句a.宾语从句b.主语从句c.表语从句d.同位语从句a.宾从从句在主句中充当动词、介词或形容词的宾语：由that/what/who/whether/where/which等引导2007-1291.ManyAmericansliveoncredit,andtheirqualityoflife________________________（是用他们能够借到多少来衡量的），nothowmuchtheycanearn.衡量：measure答案：ismeasuredbyhowmuchcantheyborrow.ismeasuredbyhowmuchtheycanborrow.2.Colorandsexarenotrelevantto_______(一个人是否适合这个职位)．答案2.whetherapersonissuitableforthejob请暂停完成练习：82.Howlongdoesajacketlikethislastme?(这要看你多长时间穿一次)2.Colorandsexarenotrelevantto_______(一个人是否适合这个职位)．2.Colorandsexarenotrelevantto_______(一个人是否适合这个职位)．答案：2.whetherapersonissuitableforthejob2009年12月：cet-682.Howlongdoesajacketlikethislastme?(这要看你多长时间穿一次)答案：Itdependsonhowoftenyouwearitb.主语从句2008-12：88.(大多数父母所关心的)isprovidingthebesteducationpossiblefortheirchildren.所字结构=what从句（what在从句中作宾语）Whatmostparentsareconcernedabout2009-0690.(很多人所没有意识到的)isthatSimonisaloverofsports.andfootballinparticular.90.Whatmanypeopledon’trealize使字结构=what从句（what在从句中做主语）写作常用句式：Ithinkthat=whatconvincesmeisthat2010-1290._____________________(给游客印象最深的)wasthefriendlinessandwarmthofthelocalpeople.Whatimpressedtouriststhemost强化练习：_______________(John是否来)doesn’tmattermuch.Wecanrelyonourselves.WhetherJohnwillcomeornot2.________________(他喜欢做的事情)isignoredbysocietyasofnovalueorimportance.Key:Whatheenjoysdoingc.表语从句【CET-4：2007.12】Inmysixties,onechangeInoticeisthat_____(我比以前更容易累了).Iameasiertogettiredthanbefore.答案：Iammorelikelytogettiredthanbefore.语法考点：4.状语从句状语从句：让步、时间、条件、目的、原因、地点、结果、方式和比较小重点：让步状语