RSPH社交媒体和年轻人的精神健康英文2019932页

9:41AM89%#StatusOfMindSocialmediaandyoungpeople'smentalhealthandwellbeingMay20172StatusofMind:Socialmediaandyoungpeople’smentalhealthSectionPage1.Foreword51.Background62.Potentialeffectsofsocialmedia(negative)83.Potentialeffectsofsocialmedia(positive)134.Profilingsocialmediaplatforms:theYHMsurvey175.Ataglance:rankingofsocialmediaplatformsbyhealthimpact186.Callstoaction24ContentsStatusofMind:Socialmediaandyoungpeople’smentalhealth3KEYPOINTSCALLSTOACTION•91%of16-24yearoldsusetheinternetforsocialnetworking•Socialmediahasbeendescribedasmoreaddictivethancigarettesandalcohol•Ratesofanxietyanddepressioninyoungpeoplehaverisen70%inthepast25years•Socialmediauseislinkedwithincreasedratesofanxiety,depressionandpoorsleep•Cyberbullyingisagrowingproblemwith7in10youngpeoplesayingtheyhaveexperiencedit•Socialmediacanimproveyoungpeople’saccesstootherpeople’sexperiencesofhealthandexperthealthinformation•Thosewhousesocialmediareportbeingmoreemotionallysupportedthroughtheircontacts•Introductionofapop-upheavyusagewarningonsocialmedia•Socialmediaplatformstohighlightwhenphotosofpeoplehavebeendigitallymanipulated•NHSEnglandtoapplytheInformationStandardPrinciplestohealthinformationpublishedviasocialmedia•SafesocialmediausetobetaughtduringPSHEeducationinschools•Socialmediaplatformstoidentifyuserswhocouldbesufferingfrommentalhealthproblemsbytheirposts,anddiscreetlysignposttosupport•Youth-workersandotherprofessionalswhoengagewithyoungpeopletohaveadigital(includingsocial)mediacomponentintheirtraining•Moreresearchtobecarriedoutintotheeffectsofsocialmediaonyoungpeople’smentalhealthSocialmediaisnowapartofalmosteveryone’slife,butnonemoresothanouryoungpopulationofdigitalnatives.Itsrisetopopularityduringthemid-2000shasrevolutionisedthewayinwhichwecommunicateandshareinformation,bothasindividualsandasasociety.Whilstsocialmediahaspermeatednearlyeveryaspectofthemainstream,weareonlyjustbeginningtotakestockoftheextenttowhichitimpactsourlives.Withgrowingconsiderationbeinggiventotheimportanceofmentalhealthandwellbeingwithinthehealthdiscourse,therehasneverbeenamorepertinenttimetotalkabouttherelationshipbetweensocialmediaandmentalhealth.Socialmediahasbecomeaspaceinwhichweformandbuildrelationships,shapeself-identity,expressourselves,andlearnabouttheworldaroundus;itisintrinsicallylinkedtomentalhealth.Wemustthereforestrivetounderstanditsimpactonmentalhealth,andespeciallythementalhealthoftheyoungerpopulation.Thehighestprevalenceofsocialmediauseisseenamongstthoseaged16-24.Thattheseyearsareacrucialperiodforemotionalandpsychosocialdevelopmentonlyreinforcestheneedforgreaterunderstandingofsocialmedia’simpact.Itcertainlyisn’tallbadnews;socialmediaplatformscanpromoteasenseofcommunityandfacilitatetheprovisionofemotionalsupport.Withitsalmostuniversalreachandunprecedentedabilitytoconnectpeoplefromallwalksoflife,socialmediaholdsthepotentialtobeapowerfullevertosupportgoodmentalhealth.Buttherearealsorisks,riskswhichhavealreadyopenedthedoortosignificantproblemsformentalhealthandwellbeing,andwhichmustbeaddressedifsocialmediaistofulfillitspotentialasaforceforgood.Beingateenagerishardenough,butthepressuresfacedbyyoungpeopleonlinearearguablyuniquetothisdigitalgeneration.Itisvitallyimportantthatweputsafeguardsinplace.Wehopethatthisreport,itsfindings,andtheissuesitexplorescanreallypushforwardtheconversationsurroundingsocialmediaandyoungpeople’smentalhealthandwellbeing.Wehopethatthisconversationwillbetransformedintoactionthatempowersyoungpeoplewiththeknowledgeandtoolstonavigatesocialplatformsonlineinawaythatprotectsandpromotestheirhealthandwellbeing.Socialmediaisn’tgoingawayanytimesoon,andnorshouldit.Wemustbereadytonurturetheinnovationthatthefutureholds.StatusofMind:Socialmediaandyoungpeople’smentalhealth5ForewordDrBeckyInksterCambridgeNeuroscience,UniversityofCambridgeShirleyCramerCBEChiefExecutive,RoyalSocietyforPublicHealth6StatusofMind:Socialmediaandyoungpeople’smentalhealthSocialmediahasrevolutionisedthewayweconnectwitheachother.PlatformssuchasFacebook,TwitterandInstagramarenowusedbyoneinfourpeopleworldwide.1Theuseofsocialmediahasbecomeanintegralpartofmanypeople’slives,connectingthemwithfriends,familyandstrangersfromacrosstheglobe.Manyyoungpeoplehaveneverknownaworldwithoutinstantaccesstotheinternetandsocialnetworkingplatforms.Theinternetandsocialmediahastransformedthewayinwhichthisgeneration-commonlyknownas‘digitalnatives’-interactandcommunicatewitheachother.2Whilethispresentsgreatopportunitiesforinnovation,learningandcreativity,emergingevidenceisraisingconcernsaboutthepotentialimplicationsforouryoungpeople’smentalhealth.Socialmediaaddictionisthoughttoaffectaround5%ofyoungpeople,3withsocialmediabeingdescribedasmoreaddictivethancigarettesandalcohol.4Suchistheconcernsurroundingsocialmediaandyoungpeoplethatinlate2016MPsdebatedtheissueinParliament.5Theplatformsthataresupposedtohelpyoungpeopleconnectwitheachothermayactuallybefuellingamentalhealthcrisis.6Daily,oralmostdailyuseoftheinternethasrisenrapidlyinthelastdecade.In2006,just35%ofpeopleintheUKusedtheinternetonadailybasis.Th