辽宁省本溪市第一中学20182019学年高一英语下学期开学考试试卷答案

-1-辽宁省本溪市第一中学2018-2019学年高一英语下学期开学考试试题本试卷分第一卷和第二卷两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上，在本试卷上答题无效。第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）AOscarWrigley,atwo-year-oldchildwiththesameIQasAlbertEinsteinandStephenHawking,hasbecometheyoungestboyinBritaintobeacceptedintoMensa.AleaderattheGiftedChildren’sInformationCentresaidOscar,withanIQofatleast160,isoneofthebrightestchildrentheyhaveevercomeacross.Oscar’sfatherJoe,29,anITspecialist,said,“Heisalwaysaskingquestions.EveryparentlikestothinktheirchildisspecialbutweknewtherewassomethingveryunusualaboutOscar.I’mfullyexpectingthedaytocomewhenheturnsaroundandtellsmeI’manidiot(白痴).”MotherHannah,26,toldTheDailyMail,“Hesurpriseseveryone.Weknewat12weekshewasquitebright.Hewasunusuallyquickinmind.Theotherdayhesaidtome,‘Mummy,sausagesarelikeapartyinmymouth.’Hisvocabularyissurprising.He’sabletomakecomplexsentences.”DrPeterCongdon,whotestedOscar,saidhewasa“childofverysuperiorintelligence(超常智力)”.Heshowedoutstandingability.“Oscarshowsgreatgift.ChangingthatgifttosuccessisthechallengeforhisparentsandwearepleasedthattheyhavechosentojointheMensanetworkforsupport”,hesaid.Exactlyspeaking,Oscarwasacceptedattheageoftwoyears,fivemonthsand11days.TheyoungestBritishgirltojoinMensaisEliseTanRoberts,fromEdmonton,NorthLondon,attwoyears,fourmonthsand14days,withanIQof156.1.WhywasOscarWrigleyacceptedintoMensa?A.BecauseheisclevererthanAlbertEinstein.-2-B.Becausehehasverysuperiorintelligence.C.BecauseheisthebrightestchildinBritain.D.BecausehisfatherisanITspecialistofMensa.2.WecaninferMensaisprobablythenameof_______.A.thecleverestboyintheworldB.thebrightestadultinBritainC.aclubforpeoplewithsuperiorintelligenceD.afamilywithsuperiorintelligence3.Accordingtothepassage,it’snoteasyforhisparentsto________.A.changehisgifttosuccessB.answerhisquestionsC.testhisgiftD.knowhimwell4.Themainpurposeofthepassageis____________.A.totellusafamilywiththecleverestchildB.togiveussomewaystohavethesameIQasAlbertEinsteinC.toexplainhowOscarbecomesacleverchildD.totellusaboywiththesameIQasAlbertEinsteinBToday,asineveryotherdayoftheyear,morethan3000U.S.adolescentswillsmoketheirfirstcigaretteontheirwaytobecomingregularsmokersasadults.Duringtheirlifetime,itcanbeexpectedthatofthese3,000about23willbemurdered,30willdieintrafficaccidents,andnearly750willbekilledbyasmoking-relateddisease.Thenumberofdeathsduetocigarettesmokingoutweighsallotherfactors,whethervoluntaryorinvoluntary,asacauseofdeath.Sincethelate1970s,whendailysmokingamonghighschoolseniorsreached30percent,smokingratesamongyouthhavedeclined.Whilethedeclineisimpressive,severalimportantissuesmustberaised.First,inthepastseveralyears,smokingratesamongyouthhavedeclinedverylittle.Second,inthelate1970s,smokingamongmalehighschoolseniorsbeatthat-3-amongfemalebynearly10percent.Thestatisticisreversing(完全相反的).Third,severalrecentstudieshaveindicatedhighschooldropoutshaveexcessivelyhighsmokingrates,asmuchas75percent.Finally,thoughsignificantdeclinesinadolescentsmokinghaveoccurredinthepastdecade,nodefinitereasonsforthedeclineexist.Withinthiscontext,theNationalCancerInstitute(NCI)beganitscurrentefforttodeterminethemosteffectivemeasurestoreducesmokinglevelamongyouth.5.Accordingtotheauthor,thedeathsamongyoutharemainlycausedby__________.A.trafficaccidentsB.murderC.smoking-relateddiseaseD.allofthese6.By“dropout”theauthormeans________.A.studentswhofailedtheexaminationB.studentswhoweredrivenoutofschoolC.studentswholosttheirwayD.studentswholeftschool7.Thereasonfordecliningadolescentsmokingisthat________.A.NCIhastakeneffectivemeasuresB.smokingispreventedamonghighschoolseniorsC.therearemanysmokerswhohavediedofcancerD.noneoftheseCMywifeandI,recentlydrivingthroughArizona,stoppedata“collector’sshop”inTucson,wheremanykindsofstonesandmineralswereondisplay.Duringthevisit,weweretakenintoasmallroomwhereordinarylookingrockswerelaidoutonshelves.HadIseenthemonsomehillside,Iwouldnothavegiventhemasecondthought.Thenthemanclosedthedoorsothattheroomwasintotaldarknessandturnedonanultravioletlamp(紫外线灯).Instantly,therocksshowedakindofglory.Brilliantcolorsofanindescribablebeautyweretherebeforeoureyes:certainpowerhadbeenswitchedon,andahiddenworldcametolife.-4-AsIlookatmyuniverseandwalkamongmyfellowhumans,Ihavethedeepbeliefthathiddenrealitiesareallaroundus:thereinthephysicalworld,andtherealsointhehumanworld.Ibelieve,then,thatmychiefjobinlifeistoswitchonextrapowersothatIcanseewhatmynakedeyes,ormynakedmind,cannotseenow.IbelievethatIhavetodothisparticularlywithmyhumanfellows.Myordinaryeyestendtostopshortatthoseenvelopeswecallhumanbodies.Butwehavelearnedthatbyturningoncertainpowerwecanseethroughtotheinsideoftheseenvelopes.Wecallthisextrapower“imagination”.Atitshighest,wecallit“empathy”,thepowertoseethroughandtofeelthroughtotheinnerlifeofotherhumanbeings.Whenweturnonthislampofimaginativesensitivity,wemaketheordinaryhumanbeingsarounduscomeexcitinglyalive.Whenweareawarethattherearegloriesoflifestillhiddenfromus,wewalkhumbly(谦逊地)beforetheGreatUnknown.Butwedomorethanthis:wetrytoincreaseourpower