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专题十五阅读理解之社会生活、说理议论类1.【2015·湖北卷】A“Iseeyou’vegotabitofwateronyourcoat,”saidthemanatthepetrolstation.“Isitrainingoutthere?”“No,it’sprettynice,”Ireplied,checkingmysleeve.“Oh,right.Apony(马驹)bitmeearlier.”Asithappened,thebitewasvirtuallypainless:morethekindofsmallbiteyoumightgetfromanaughtychild.TheponyresponsiblewasqueuingupforsomeicecreaminthecarparknearHaytor,andperhapsthoughtI’djumpedinaheadofhim.ThereasonwhytheponiesherearenaughtyisthatHaytorisatourist-heavyareaandtouristsareconstantlyfeedingtheponiesfoods,despitesighsaskingthemnotto.Byfeedingtheponies,touristsincreasetheriskofthemgettinghitbyacar,andmakethemhardertogatherduringthearea’sannualponydrift(迁移).Thepurposeofaponydriftistogatherthemupsotheirhealthcanbechecked,thebabyonescanbestoopedfromfeedingontheirmother’smilk,andthosewho’vegonebeyondtheirlimitedareacanbereturnedtotheircorrectarea.Someofthemarealsolatersold,inordertolimitthenumberofponiesaccordingtotherulessetbyNaturalEngland.Threeweeksago,Iwitnessedasmallnear-disasterafewmilswestofhere.Whilewalking,Inoticedaponyrolloveronhisback.“Hello!”Isaidtohim,assuminghewasjustrollingforfun,buthewasverystilland,asIgotcloser,Isawhimkickinghislegsintheairandbreathingheavily.Ibegantoproperlyworryabouthim.Fortunately,ImanagedtogetintouchwithaDartmoor’sLivestockProtectionofficerandsendheraphoto.Theofficerimmediatelysentalocalfarmerouttocheckonthepony.Theponyhadactuallybeentrappedbetweentworocks.Thefarmerfreedhim,andhebegantorunhappilyaroundagain.Dartmoorhas1,000orsoponies,whoplayacriticalroleincreatingthediversityofspeciesinthisarea.Manypeopleareworkinghardtopreservetheseponies,andtryingtocomeupwithplanstofindasustainable(可持续的)futureforoneofDartmoor’smostfinancially-troubledelements.51.Whyaretouristsaskednottofeedtheponies?A.ToprotectthetouristsfrombeingbittenB.TokeeptheponiesoffthepetrolstationC.ToavoidputtingtheponiesindangerD.Topreventtheponiesfromfighting52.Oneofthepurposesoftheannualponydriftis______________.A.tofeedbabyponiesonmilkB.tocontrolthenumberofponiesC.toexpandthehabitatforponiesD.toselltheponiesatagoodprice53.Whatastheauthor’sfirstreactionwhenhesawaponyrollonitsback?A.HefreeditfromthetrapB.HecalledaprotectionofficerC.HeworriedaboutitverymuchD.Hethoughtofitasbeingnaughty54.WhatdoestheauthorimplyaboutthepreservationofDartmoor’sponies?A.Itlackspeople’sinvolvement.B.ItcostsalargeamountofmoneyC.ItwillaffecttourisminDartmoor.D.Ithascausedanimbalanceofspecies【考点定位】夹叙夹议文阅读【名师点睛】夹叙夹议文是近几年高考经常涉及的一类文体，文章一方面叙述事情，另一方面又对事情加以评论，此类文章一般先提出论点，然后以事例说明论点，最后得出结论，或者一边叙述事情经过，一边对事情加以分析评论，文章最后一段用一句概括性的话点明主题，将叙述和议论有机地结合起来，其中“叙”是“议”的基础，“议”是“叙”的渗透和延伸。考生要注意在通读全文的基础上弄清文章结构，阅读时重点要放在议论部分，因为该部分表达了作者的观点或看法，是文章的精髓。理解了作者的观点和看法，也就把握了全文的主要内容。本文难度不大，通过作者与小马的“亲密接触”介绍了英国达特穆尔荒原淘气的矮种马，散发出浓浓的英伦风。2.【2015·湖北卷】CHilversumisamedium-sizedcitybetweenthemajorcitiesofAmsterdamandUtrechtintheGooiareaofNorthHolland,theNetherlands.UnlikemostoftheNetherlands,Hilversumisactuallyinahillyareawiththesoilmostlyconsistingofsand.OncecalledtheGardenofAmsterdam,itstillattractstravelerstocomeovertocycleandwalkthroughthesurroundingforests.Theyvisititforarelaxingdayofffromtheurbanmadness.ForDutchpeople,Hilversumisallabouttextile(纺织)andmediaindustries,andmodernarchitecture.Inhistory,Hilversumwaslargelyanagriculturalarea.Dailylifewasmarkedbyfarming,sheepraisingandwoolproduction.ArailwaylinktoAmsterdamin1874attractedrichtradersfromAmsterdamtoHilversum.Theybuildthemselveslargevillas(别墅)inthewoodedsurroundingsofthetown.OneofthefamiliesmovinginwastheBrenninkmeijers,currentlythewealthiestfamilyoftheNetherlands.TheymovedinafterbigsuccessinthetextileindustryandaidedasubstantialtextileindustryinHilversum.Butthetextileboomlastedonlyseveraldecades.Thelastfactoryclosedinthe1960s.Thechangetoamediaeconomystartedin1920,whentheNederlandseSeintoestedllenFabriek(NSF)establishedaradiofactoryinHiversum.Mostradiostationscalledinthelargevillasintheleafyareasofthetown.Televisiongaveanotherpushtothelocaleconomy.HilversumbecamethemediacapitaloftheNetherlands,andDutchtelevisonstarsmovedintotheleafyneighborhoodssurroundingthetown.Intheearly1900s,modernarchitctsW.M.DudokandJ.DuikerplacedhundredsofremarkablebuildingsinHilversum.Thesemodernarchitecturalmasterpieces(杰作)aresomanythatHilversumalmostfeelslikeanopenairmuseum.Dudokaloneshapedmost20thcenturyHilversumandapproximately75buildingsin1928-1931.Ithaswideinternationalfameandisincludedinmanyarchitecturetextbooks.Thebuildinghasaremarkableshapeandlookslikeacombinationof“blocks”.Actually,onemaystarthisjourneyofmodernarchitecturebywalkingorbikingtheW.M.DudokArchitecturalRouteinHilversum.59.HilversumisdifferentfrommostoftheNetherlandsinthat______.A.ithasalargepopulationB.itiscutofffrombigcitiesC.ithasmanybeautifulgardensD.itisinahillyareawithsandysoil60.WhatwasthegreatestcontributionoftheBrenninkmeijerstoHilversum?A.BuildingarailwaylinktoAmsterdamB.HelpingitstextileindustrytodevelopC.ConstructinglargevillasforthepoorD.Assistingitsagriculturalindustry61.ThebeginningofthemediaindustryinHilversumwasmarkedbytheestablishmentof______.A.aradiofactoryB.theme