高中英语语法总结:宾语从句高中英语语法总结中宾语从句是用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。他的构成是关联词+简单句。引导宾语从句的关联词有三类:(1)从属连词that。如:Hetoldusthathefeltill.他对我们说他感到不舒服。Iknowhehasreturned.我知道他已经回来了。注:that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下,that不能省略。1.EverybodycouldseewhathappenedandthatTomwasfrightened.(and连接两个宾语从句,that宾语从句放在and的后面时,that不能省略。)2.Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,that不能省略。)3.ThatheeversaidsuchathingIsimplydon’tbelieve.(that从句位于句首时,that不可省略。)4.Wedecided,inviewofhisspecialcircumstances,thatwewouldadmithimforaprobationaryperiod.(主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语,that不可省略。)(2)从属连词if/whether。如:Idoubtwhetherhewillsucceed.我怀疑他是否会成功。Idon’tknowifyoucanhelpme.我不知道你能否帮助我。(3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever连接副词where,when,how,why。如:Whoorwhathewas,Martinneverlearned.Iwonderwhathe’swritingtomeabout.我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。I’lltellyouwhyIaskedyoutocome.我会告诉你我为什么要你来。Youmaydowhatyouwill.你可做任何你想做的事。(1)介词宾语从句宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如:HewasdeeplydispleasedbywhathadoccurredthatdayIwalkedovertowhereshesat.我走向她坐的地方。Iamcuriousastowhathewillsay.我很想知道他要说什么。Yoursuccesswilllargelydependuponwhatyoudoandhowyoudoit.有时介词可以省略。如:Idon’tcare(for)whomarrieshim.我不管谁跟他结婚。Becareful(asto)howyoudothat.你要注意做这件事的方式。解释:1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。如:WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoWangdidnotcomeyesterday.Hehasmadeitclearthathewillnotgivein.2.作介词的宾语:连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语,只用在except,but,in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导,则需用it先行一步,作形式宾语。如:Heisagoodstudentexceptthatheiscareless.YoumayrelyonitthatIshallhelpyou.你可以指望我会帮助你的。介词宾语不可以用which来引导,而要用what来引导。如:Areyousorryforwhatyou'vedone?3.某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句,这类形容词或过去分词有sure,glad,certain,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied等,连词that可省略。如:IamnotsurewhatIoughttodo.I'mafraidyoudon'tunderstandwhatIsaid.I'msurprisedthatIdidn'tseeallthatbefore.Motherwasverypleasedherdaughterhadpassedtheexams.4.连词whether(…ornot)或if引导的宾语从句if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用,但whether常和ornot连用,if一般不与ornot连用。如:Iwonderwhetheritistrueornot.我不知它是真是假。用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义,应避免使用if而用wheter。试比较:Pleaseletmeknowifyouwanttogo.Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouwanttogo.if从句可理解为宾语从句,意为“请告诉我你是否想去”;此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话,请告诉我一声”。5.宾语从句的否定转移。在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句,有时谓语尽管是否定意思,却不用否定形式,而将think等动词变为否定形式。如:Idon’tthinkyouareright.我认为你错了。Idon’tbelievetheyhavefinishedtheirworkyet.Idon’tsupposehecares,doeshe?我想他不在意,是吗?6.宾语从句的时态变化规律:(1)当主句是一般现在时态时,从句可根据需要用任何时态。(2)当主句是一般过去时态时,从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如:Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.宾语从句简介:在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。一、宾语从句用法宾语从句的连接词:(一)、从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether。that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,if和whether,whether...ornot引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句。Hetoldme(that)hewouldgotocollegethenextyear.他告诉我他明年上大学。Idon’tknowiftherewillbeabusanymore.我不知道是否还会有公交车。Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.没有人知道他是否会通过考试。(二)关联代词连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述。DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?你知道是谁赢得了红色警戒的游戏么?ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOshouldknow.Haveyoudeterminedwhicheveryoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?(三)关联副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.Hedidn’ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.CouldyoupleasetellmehowyouusethenewpanelNoneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.二、动词的宾语从句大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句Weallexpect(that)theywillwin,formembersoftheirteamarestronger.Hetoldus(that)theywouldhelpusthroughthewholework.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句Ihavefoundout(that)alltheticketsfortheconcerthavebeensoldout.Canyouworkout(that)howmuchwewillspendduringthetrip动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:makesure确保makeupone’smind下决心keepinmind牢记Makesurethattherearenomistakesinyourpapersbeforeyouturnthemin.\可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.IfeelitapitythatIhaven’tbeentotheget-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.IhavemadeitarulethatIkeepdiaries.我每天写日记成了习惯.Weallfinditimportantthatwe(should)makeaquickdecisionaboutthismatter.我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it(双宾语)这类动词主要有:hate,take,owe,have,seeto.Ihateitwhentheysaywiththeirmouthsfulloffood.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.Hewillhaveitthatourplanisreallypractical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.Wetakeitthatyouwillagreewithus.我们认为你会同意我们的.Whenyoustarttheengine,youmustseetoitthatcarisinneutral.开启发动机时,一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替Weallconsiderwhatyousaidtobeunbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.Wediscoveredwhatwehadlearnedtobevaluable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有价值的.三、介词的宾语从句用whether之类的介词宾语从句:Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.ThenewbookisabouthowShenzhou6mannedspaceshipwassentupintospace.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句Iknownothingaboutmynewneighborexceptthatheusedtoworkwithacompany.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.四、形容词的宾语从句有些形容词具有动词的含义,所以也可以带一个宾语从句,例如;1.IamsorryIamlate.2.Iamgladthatyoucanjoinus.3.Areyousurehisanswerisright?常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedIamsureIwillpasstheexam.我确信我会通过考试.IamsorrythatIhavetroubledyousolong.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.HeisgladthatLiMingwenttoseehimwhenhewasill.五、if与whether①if和wh