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Grammar过去分词的用法fallenleavestherisensunaretiredworker(被动)(完成)1.过去分词作定语放在被修饰的名词________，做前置定语表示______和______。前面被动（vt.)完成(vi.)arespecteddoctorpollutedwateranewlyinventedmachine过去分词短语作后置定语，放在被修饰的名词_____，它的作用相当于一个定语从句.后面TheStoryofAhQwrittenbyLuXunisfamiliartous.=TheStoryofAhQwhichiswrittenbyLuXunisfamiliartous.Thecitysurroundedbymountainsismyhometown.=Thecitywhichissurroundedbymountainsismyhometown.现在分词和过去分词做定语，有何区别呢？FallingleavesFallenleaves区别1boilingwaterboiledwatertherisingsuntherisensun正在沸腾的水已经烧开的水正在升起的太阳升起了的太阳V-ing表动作正在进行，V-ed表动作已经完成1.DisappointingnewsDisappointedpeople2.ExcitingstoryExcitedpeople3.Tiredpeople/I’mtired4.Tiringfilm1.令人失望的消息感到失望的人们2.激动人心的故事（感到）激动的人们3.累了的人/我感到累了（使人觉得）无聊的电影区别2V-edV-ing感到…的令人…的1.Asisknowntousall,travelingis____,butweoftenfeel_____whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiring.C.interesting;tiringD.interested;tired2.Hearingthe___news,weallfelt____A.encouraging;encouragingB.encouraged;encouragedC.encouraged;encouragingD.encouraging;encouraged1.Willyouattendthemeeting________onSaturday?A.heldB.beingheldC.tobeheldD.hold2.Thewoman____alessonisourteacher.A.givingB.givenC.togiveD.give还没发生的动作正在发生的动作，表主动3.Ihavereadplentyofplays________byShakespeare.A.writtenB.wroteC.writeD.writing4.Thefirsttextbooks______forteachingEnglishcameoutinthe16thcentury.A.tobeproducedB.producedC.beingproducedD.havingproduced①过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。②现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。③不定式作定语：表示将要发生的动作。区别位于系动词后，不表示“被动”或“完成”，而表示主语的状态或情绪，相当于形容词。1.Theyareexcited.2.Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletter.3.Whenweheardofthis,weweredeeplymoved.2.过去分词作表语系动词的分类：“似乎类”：“感觉类”：“变成类”：“仍然类”：基本形式：Be(am,is,are)seem,appear,lookfeel,sound,smell,tastebecome,go,get,grow,fall,turnremain,stay,keep•Whathesaidwas__________(encourage).•Wewere______________(encourage)atwhathesaid.•Thefootballgameisvery________(bore).•Wewere_______(bore)atthefootballgame.V-ing与V-ed作表语的区别encouragingencouragedboringboredThelibraryisclosed.Thelibraryisclosedbytheteacher.V-ed作表语表主语的状态，被动语态表示被动的动作。“系动词+过去分词（系表结构）”和“系动词+过去分词（被动语态）”状态（系表结构）动作(被动语态）区别Myglassesarebroken.Myglasseswerebrokenbymylittlebrother.状态动作3.V-edusedasObjectComplement过去分词做宾语补足语1.表示状态的动词:keep，leaveTheykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.Don’tleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.2.带有“致使”含义的动词:have,make（1）注意”havesthdone”的两种用法：①表示让某人做某事，如：Ihavehadmybikerepaired.Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.过去分词通常用在以下几类词后作宾补②表示“遭遇到某种不幸；受到打击”等。如：Myeldersisterhadherwalletstolenonabuslastmonth.Theoldmanhadhiswristbrokenintheaccident.(2)”make+宾语+过去分词”Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodusingverysimpleEnglish.3.表示感官与心理状态动词:watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find,etc.Isawhim_______inbed.Isawhim_____byadog.sleepingbittenIsawhim___________.我看见他摔倒了。falldown5.“with+宾语＋宾补”1.Withmanybrightly-coloredflowers______(plant)aroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.2.Withtheboy______(lead)theway，wefoundhehouseeasily.3.Withsomanyessays________(write)，hewon’thavetimetogoshoppingthismorning.plantedleadingtowrite1.(2004全国卷）Helenhadtoshout____abovethesoundthemusic.A.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhearC.makingherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard.2.(2004,重庆卷)Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents__________.A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worryDA高考链接过去分词表完成、被动,作状语时,可表时间,原因,让步,方式,条件，伴随等。4.过去分词作状语1.Heated,icewillbechangedintowater.→Whenitisheated,icewillbechangedintowater.2.Caughtintheheavyrain，hewaswettotheskin.→Becausehewascaughtintheheavyrain，hewaswettotheskin时间状语原因状语3.Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.Ifweweregivenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.4.Thehunterlefthishouse,followedbyhisdog.Thehunterlefthishouse,andhewasfollowedbyhisdog.条件状语伴随状语1.______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.（陕西2010）A.SeenB.SeeingC.HavingseenD.Tosee高考回顾2.______twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.（北京2009）A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten3.Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,______withhisoldone.（重庆2009）A.comparingB.comparesC.tocompareD.compared4.______nottomisstheflightat15:20,themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry.（福建2009）A.RemindingB.RemindedC.ToremindD.Havingreminded