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AnintroductiontoGreekMythology22120502方雅之22120503王逸清22120504王嫣然22120505王凝WhatisGreekmythology?thepeopleofancientGreecegods,goddesses;heroes,heroines;mythologicalcreaturestoexplaintheirworld(*unexplainable)What:Who:Why:12olympiansZeus•HeruledtheOlympians•Hewasthegodofthesky,lightningandthunder.•HemarriedHera,hissister,whichwasafamilyhabit.•Hefatheredmanychildrenwithvariousgoddessesandmortals.Hera•Shewastheprotectorofmarriageandthehome.•Sheandzeuswerealwaysquarreling.•Shewasajealouswife.•BrotherofZeus.•Godofthesea,protectorofallwaters.•Hisweaponisatrident(三叉戟),whichcanshaketheearth,andshatteranyobject.PoseidonDemeter•Goddesofcornandtheharvest•Shetaughtmankindtheartofsowingandploughingsotheycouldendtheirnomadicexistence.Apollo•SonofZeus.•Godofsun.•Godofhealingwhotaughtmanmedicine.•Godoftruth,whocannotspeakalie.Athena•Shewasthegoddessofwisdom,justice,war,civilizationandpeace•ShewasbornfullgrownoutoftheheadofZeusArtemis•DaughterofZeus.•HertwinbrotherisApollo.•Goddessofthehunt,themoon,chastity,virginity,andthenaturalenvironment.•Sheistheprotectoroftheyoungwomen.Aphrodite•Goddessoflove，desireandbeauty.•Sherepresentedsex,affection,andtheattractionthatbindspeopletogether.Ares•SonofZeusandHera.•Godofwar.•Heisconsideredmurderous（行凶的）andbloodstained（血污的）butalsoacoward.•Hewasdislikedbybothparents.Hephaestus•SonofZeusandHera.•Godoffireandtheforg（熔炉）.•Heisthesmithandarmorer(兵器制造者）ofthegods.Ares:Allthatyouhave,isdead!阿瑞斯：“你所拥有的，只有死亡！”Hermes•SonofZeus.•Godofcommerce.•Messengerforalltheothergods.•Guideforthedeadtogototheunderworld.Hades•BrotherofZeus.•Godofthedead.•Ruleroftheunderworld.•Godofwealth,duetothepreciousmetalsminedfromtheearth.GreekmythvsChinesemythDiference?ThedifferencesbetweenChineseandGreekmythTheOrigin•Chinesemythwastheproductofancientsages’imaginations,whichcanconquernature,dominatenatureandmakethepowerofnaturehaveitsownimage.•Chinesemythmainlytalkedabouttheoriginofhumanbeing,everythinginnature,andtribalfights,etc.Itreflectedtheancientlivingsurroundings,conditionsandculturaldevelopment.•ChineseculturalderivedfromTheYellowRiverbasin（黄河流域）,soitcouldbesaidthatChinesemythwasbasedontheclosedinlandcultural（内陆文化）.GreekmythderivedfromCrete’sMinoansCivilization（克里特岛的“米诺斯文明”）.itwasanopenculturewhichabsorbedotherexcellentculturestodevelopitself.Greekgeographicallocationwasverysuperior,andthenavigationcauseandoverseastradedevelopedrapidly,soGreekmythwasmainlyconcernedaboutGreekperson’svalueorientation（希腊人的价值取向），whichwasmoreimportantthanmoral.TheGreekmythpraisedandadmirestheindividualism（个人主义）,whichwasthemostbasicandbiggestdifferencebetweenChineseandGreekmyths.TheFeaturesAlthoughChinesemythhadappearedintheLatePaleolithicAge（旧石器时代），themythstoriespasseddownwerejustafewandunsystematicbecauseofmanyreasons.ManyofthemwerewritteninShanHaiChing（山海经），HuaiNanTzu（淮南子），andotherancientliteratures,suchasJingweiReclamation（精卫填海），YuGongRemovetheMountains（愚公移山）.Ontheotherhand,Chinesemyth’sself-creationwasmuchmoresignificantthanGreekmyth.Becauseofitsinlandculture,Chinesemythwasinfluenceverylittlebyothercultures.GreekMyth•ThehistoryofGreeceisshorter,andGreekmythproducedlaterthanChinesemyth.ItproducedinabouteleventhcenturyBC,anditwasfarfromtheageoftotemworship（图腾崇拜）.AlthoughttheGreekmythdevelopedalittlelate,itdidn’tcausebackwardculture.Inabout8BC,GreekmythwaswritteninTheogony（神谱），HomerEpic（荷马史诗），andotherliteratures.BecausetheGreekMythabsorbedmuchfromothercultures,itwasperfectlycompleteandsystematic.AnditwasmoreopenthanChinesemyth.TheGods•InGreekmyth,thegodsallpossessedthecapabilitiesofsuperman,andhadfairlylowmoralstandards.Thegodswereallextremelyselfish,butwouldn’tbetoblame.•Greecepeopledidn’tcreatethegodsasperfectasChinesegods.Insomeway,Greekgodswerejustthemortals,withthesamefeelingsandbehaviorsasthemortals.TheGreekgodshaddifferentpursuitofbeautyfromChinesegods,manyofthemwereelegant,graceful,andbeautiful,suchasZeus,Hera,Athena,orApollo.SowecandrawaconclusionthatGreekgodspursuedphysicalbeautyandthebeautyoffacialappearance.MostofgodsinChinesemyth,halfwasahumanandtheotherhalfwasananimal（人兽同形）.FuxiandNvwaweregodswhohadahumanheadbutasnake’sbody（人头蛇身）.Yandi,theholyfarmerwasagodwhohadahumanbody,anoxheadandhorselegs.Thoughtheirappearanceswerenotbeautiful,theyweregreatgods.Theyallhadhighmoralstandardsandhadresponsibilityforeverythingtheydid.Forexample,Fuximadeagreatdealofinventions.Hetaughtmenhowtousefire,tocookandtofishandhelpedYutrytotametheflood.Andtheydidn’thavehumanbeing’semotionorotherhumanfeatures,theywereholyandperfectandideal.SowecanseethatChinesemythpursuesmentalbeauty.Comparison•JadeEmperor（玉皇大帝）•Job:thekingofChinesegods•Wife:unrecognized•Apparence:alittleold•HisPursuit:todosomethingtobenefitpeople.•Zeus（宙斯）•Job:thekingofGreekgods•Wife:sevenwivesandmanylovers.•Apperance:elegant,graceful,andbeautiful•HisPursuit:tousetheterriblelightningandthundertogoverntheothergods.Thankyou~