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九年级英语Unit31.语态：①英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态主动语态表示是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者Catseatfish.（主动语态）猫吃鱼。Fishiseatenbycats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。②被动语态的构成由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。时态被动语态结构例句一般现在时amare+过去分词isEnglishisspokeninmanycountries.一般过去时was+过去分词were+过去分词Thisbridgewasbuiltin1989.情态动词can/shouldmay+be+过去分词must/……Theworkmustbedonerightnow.③被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。2.allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事（主动语态）如：MotherallowsmetowatchTVeverynight.妈妈允许我每晚看电视。beallowedtodosth.被允许做某事（被动语态）如：LiLyisallowedtogotoQinzhou.莉莉被允许去钦州。3.gettheirearspierced穿耳洞让/使（别人）做某事getsth.done(过去分词)havesth.done如：Igetmycarmade.==Ihavemycarmade.我让别人修好我的车4.enough足够形容词＋enough如：beautifulenough足够漂亮enough＋名词如：enoughfood足够食物enoughto足够…去做…如：IhaveenoughmoneytogotoBeijing.我有足够的钱去北京。Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.她够大去读书了。5.stopdoingsth.停止做某事Pleasestopspeaking.请停止说话。stoptodosth.停止下来去做某事Pleasestoptospeak.请停下来说话。6.看起来好像…sb.seemtodosth.itseemsthat+从句Heseemstofeelverysad.Itseemsthathefeelsverysad.他看起来好像很伤心。7.系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有：look,feel,be,become,get,turn,smell,taste,stay(保持),kept等。连系动词除be和become等少数词可接名词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。如：Theyareveryhappy.Hebecameadoctortwoyearsago.Shefeltverytired.8.倒装句:由so＋助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词＋主语意为：…也是一样Sheisastudent.SoamI.她是一个学生，我也是。Shewenttoschooljustnow.SodidI.她刚才去学校了，我也是Shehasfinishedthework.SohaveI.她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。Shewillgotoschool.Sowillhe.她将去学校，他也是。9.yet仍然，还常用在否定句或疑问句当中10.stayup熬夜如：Ioftenstayupuntil12:00pm.我经常熬夜到12点。11.cleanup打扫整理如：Ihavecleanedupthebedroom.我已经打扫完了卧室。12.程度副词：always总是usually经常sometimes有时never从不如：Iamalways/usually/sometimes/neverlateforschool.我总是/经常/有时/从不上学迟到。13.曾经做某事：Doyouevergettoschoollate?Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.Haveyouevergottoschoollate?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven’t.14.goshopping(去购物),gofishing(去钓鱼),goswimming(去游泳),goboating(去划船),gohiking(去登山),gotrekking(去徒步)15.bestrictwithsb.对某人严厉如：Motherisstrictwithherson.妈妈对她的儿子很严厉。16.takethetest参加考试passthetest通过考试failatest考试失败17.theotherday前几天18.agree同意反义词disagree不同意动词agreement同意反义词disagreement不同意名词18.keepsb/sth.＋形容词使某人/某物保持….如：Weshouldkeepourcityclean.我们应该保持我们的城市干净。19.both…and…+动词复数形式如：BothJimandLiMingplaybastketball.20.learn(sth.)fromsb.向谁学习(什么)如：JimlearntEnglishfromhisEnglishteacher.吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语21.haveanopportunitytodosth.有机会做某事haveachanceofdoingsth.有机会做某事如：IhaveanopportunitytogotoBeijing.IhaveachanceofgoingtoBeijing.22.atpresent目前23.atleast最少atmost最多24.花费take,cost,spend,paysth.take(sb.)timetodosth.Ittook(me)10daystoreadthebook.sth.cost(sb.)……Thebookcost(me)100yuan.sb.spend…onsth.Shespent10daysonthisbook.sb.spend…doingsth.Shespent10daysreadingthisbook.sb.pay…forsth.Shepaid10yuanforthisbook.25.have+时间段+off放假，休息如：have2daysoff26.replyto答复某人如：ShereplayedtoMrGreen.27.agreewithsth.同意某事如：Iagreewiththatidea.agreetosb.同意某人的意见如：IagreetoLiLei.28.getinthewayof碍事，妨碍如：Hersociallifegotinthewayofherstudies.她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。29.successn.succeedv.successfuladj.successfullyadv.30.thinkabout与thinkof的区别①当两者译为：认为、想起、记着时，两者可互用Ioftenthinkabout/ofthatday.我经常想起那天。②thinkabout还有“考虑”之意，thinkof想到、想出时两者不能互用Atlast,hethoughtofagoodidea.最后他想出了一个好主意。WearethinkingaboutgoingQinzhou.我们正在考虑去钦州。31.对…热衷，对…兴趣beseriousaboutdoing如：Sheisseriousaboutdancing.她对跳舞热衷。beseriousaboutsth.如：Sheisseriousabouthim.她对他感兴趣。32.practicedoing练习做某事SheoftenpracticespeakingEnglish.33.careaboutsb.关心某人如：Motheroftencareaboutherson.34.also也用于句中either也用于否定句且用于句末too也用于肯定句且用于句末Iamalsoastudent.我也是一个学生Iamastudenttoo.我也是一个学生。Iamnotastudenteither.我也不是一个学生。