《土木工程专业英语》考点提炼一一、词汇汉译英1.运输工程:Transportationengineering2.抗拉强度:tensilestrength3.社区与城市规划:Communityandurbanplanning4.岩土工程:geotechnical5.高层建筑:high-risebuilding6.幕墙:curtainwall7.钢筋混凝土:reinforcedconcrete8.空气调节:airconditioning9.住宅:residential10.栏杆、扶手:balustrade二、词汇英译汉1.bearingwall:承重墙2.framework:骨架3.stratification:分层4.terminate:有限的;临界的5.boundary:界限6.Pipelineengineering:管道工程7.shelter:隐蔽处8.preliminarydesign:初步设计9.yieldstrength:屈服强度10.water-to-cementratio:水灰比三、句子汉译英1、承重墙体限制了建筑物的高度,因为墙体的厚度要求很厚。Bearing-wallconstructionlimitedtheheightofbuildingsbecauseoftheenormouswallthicknessrequired.2、它的用途是满足人类消费、灌溉或工业用水的需求,或者增加河流水深以改善通航条件。Itspurposesaretomeetdemandsforwaterforhumanconsumption,irrigation,orindustry,ortoincreasethedepthofwaterinariversoastoimprovenavigation.3、基础仍然是许多建筑物隐蔽的而且花费昂贵的部分。Foundationsstillareahiddenbutcostlypartofmanybuildings.4、材料和结构形式被组合在一起形成了建筑物的不同部分。包括承重的框架、外墙、楼板层、以及隔墙。Materialsandstructuralformsarecombinedtomakeupthevariouspartsofabuilding,includingtheloadcarryingframe,skin,floors,andpartitions.5、随框架建筑出现的一个产物就是围护墙体成了幕墙,不再起承重的功能。Asaconsequenceofskeletonconstruction,theenclosingwallsbecomeacurtainwallratherthanservingasupportingfunction.四、句子英译汉1、Byfarthemajorityofbridgesaredesignedtocarryautomobileorrailroadtraffic,butsomeareintendedforpedestriansonly.到目前为止,大多数桥梁是被设计用来承担汽车和铁路交通,但是也有一些是只用作行人通行。2、Theyworkcloselywithurbanplanners,sincethequalityofthecommunityisdirectlyrelatedtothequalityofthetransportationsystem.他们与城市规划者关系紧密,因为社区的质量直接关系到运输体系的质量。3、Inanapartmentbuildingeveryhabitablespace,suchaslivingroomsandbedrooms,musthavenaturallightfromwindowswhilebathroomsandkitchenscanhaveartificiallightandthereforecanbeintheinteriorofthebuilding.在公寓里面,每一处居住的空间,比如起居室和卧室必须有从窗户进来的自然光,而浴室和厨房则可以用人工光线,因此可以布置在建筑的内部。4、Air-conditioningmayincludethefunctionsofheatingandventilatingbutinadditionisconcernedwithloweringoftemperatureofthethermalenvironment,raisingorloweringofhumidity,andpurifyingtheairbyremovalofdust,bacteria,andotherairbornematter.空气调节可能包括供热和通风的功能,但此外还与降低热环境温度、增加或降低湿度、通过清除灰尘、细菌和其它空气中的传播物质而净化空气等有关。5、Itisthetaskoftheenvironmentalengineernotonlytodesignsystemstoassuagethispollutionbutalsotoeducatepeopleinprotectingtheirsurroundingsfromadditionalpollution.环境工程师的任务不仅是设计出一些系统来减轻这个污染,而且还要教育人们保护他们周围的环境免遭额外的污染。6、Althoughalldecorationisrejectedinsomemodernarchitecture,itwasemployedinthepasteitherforitsinherentbeautyortoemphasizesomepointofimportanceinthebuilding.装饰虽然在某些现代建筑中被拒绝采纳,但在过去却被使用,或是由于其内在的美,或是为了强调建筑物某一部分的重要性。