chapter8-speech

HowtowriteaspeechAdauntingtaskstartingwithablankpieceofpaperandafewscatteredideasinyourheadWithalittlebitofwork,adashofperseveranceandequalpartsperspirationandinspirationSection1-HowtowriteaspeechPlanningaspeechPublicspeakingoccasionThespeechthemeThepeopleWritingaspeechSpeechstructureOutlineDraftsFeedbackFinalversionSection2-HowtodeliveraspeechPreparingtomakeaspeechPreparingtomakeaspeechYourspeechTheAudienceThevenuePublicspeakingpropsDeliveringaspeechSpeechtips1.Salutation称呼Ladiesandgentlemen,Everyone,Boysandgirls,DearComradesandfriends,DearMr.Greenandmyfriends2.Body正文（演讲主要内容，简明扼要）3.Close结束语Thankyou.That’sall.Thankyou.Thanksforlistening.PlanningaspeechOnlyoneplacetostartwhenplanningaspeech:that'swithaplanReasonfortakingthetimetodevelopagreatplanforspeech:reapingthebenefittenfoldPurposeofplanningaspeechphaseTodiscoverwhatyouwanttowrite,whatyououghttowrite,andwhatyoushouldomitfromyourcompletedspeechFunctionofgoodplanninggiveyouconfidenceeverysteponthewaytoyourspeech,ToknowbeforespeakinginpublicistheoccasionitselfNatureoftheoccasionhasagreatbearingonspeech:dictatesnotonlythecontentofthespeech,butalsotheduration,thetone,andtheexpectationsoftheaudience,letyoubeawareofyourroleandanyobservancesthatyoushouldmakeduringyourspeechDigdeeper:aspeechisneverjustaspeech.Thereisalwaysanoccasion,andlabelssuchaswedding,retirement,eulogydonotconstituteanoccasionKnowingthisdistinction,andtakingthetimeandcaretodoyourresearch,setyouontheroadtoaveryspecial,memorablespeechPublicSpeakingOccasionPubilcSpeaking-Thethemeofyourspeechconveyatheme,evokeanemotionorelicitaresponseToidentifythesinglemostimportantidea,themeormessageyouwanttoconveyinspeechwhichwilllikelybeinformedbythepublicspeakingoccasionyouidentifiedearlier,whichmaybe3-7potentialones.Todecidewhichofthemewillbethedominantone.Whichresonatesmostwithyou.Thethemesnotselectedasprimaryonesshouldstillplayapartinyourspeech.DOnotdiscardthemjustyet.PeopleMostfirst-timespeechwritersornovicepublicspeakersspentmuchoftheirtimefocusedononegroup:theaudience.Theaudiencearenottheonlygroupofpeopleyoushouldconsiderwhenplanningyourspeech.Thenwhoarethepeoplewhomyoushouldconsiderwhenplanningormakingyourspeech.Thesubject(s)ofyourspeechTrytoorganizewhatyouknowaboutyoursubject(s)onpaperattheoutsetofthespeechwritingprocess:betheyafriend,relative,workcolleagueorevenacelebrityOneofthefavoritewaytocollectthoughtsaboutthesubject(s)istouseapieceofpaperwithhelpfulheadingsoverblankparagraphsasanaidtoyourbrainstorming.Samplesofheadingscouldbe:FirstimpressionsFondmemoriesFavoriteQuotesFunnymomentsFeatures&CharacteristicsTakeyourtime,andthinkabouteverythingyoucanrememberaboutthesubject(s),inkeywordform,undereachheadinghaveapagethatshouldsummarizethesubjectperfectlyandactasaterrifictoolwhenwritingyourspeechThesubject(s)ofyourspeechTip:Onceyouhavedeliveredyourspeech,thisbrainstormingpage(preferablyframed)canactasawonderfulgiftandtouchingmementoforthesubject(s)ofyourspeech.AssociatesoftheSubject(s)Includeparents,siblingsorotherfamilymembers,friendsorcolleagues,andespeciallytheirhusband,wifeorfianceBearinmindthatastheyarecertaintobeinattendanceattheevent,youwillalreadyhavewonoversomeoftheaudience!OtherpublicspeakersBeaco-speakeratthepublicspeakingevent,thencontacttheotherspeakersbeforespeech.Ensurethatyouarenotduplicatingcontentandthatthereisaniceflowofthemesand/orcontactfromonespeakertoanother.OrtoshareideasandprovidemoralsupporttooneanotherTheaudienceacriticalpartofdeliveringaspeechtorealizethatyouraudiencearenottheretobelecturedat.Yourpublicspeakinggoalistodooneormoreofthefollowing:EngageyouraudienceStimulateyouraudienceEntertainyouraudiencePiqueyouraudience'sinterestConveyamessage,themeororderthinkofcountlessotherwaysandreasonsforyourspeechtocommunicatewithanaudienceTospeakaboutthings,beitaproduct,acountry,anargumentativethesis,andsoon.Consultauthoritativesourcessuchasencyclopedias,collegeprofessorsandlocallibraryresources,tonamebutafewAcompellingstorycanoftenbetoldbyfocusingonthepeopleinvolved-forexampletheinventorsorengineersofaproduct,modernorhistoricalfiguresofacountry,orproponentsoropponentsofanargumentativethesisNon-humanSpeechSubjectsWritingaspeechBysettingcleargoals,youwillbebetterpositionedtojudgethelikelysuccessofyourspeech.Atthisstageyoushouldhaveagreatplanforyourspeech.theoccasionatwhichyouwillbespeaking,potentialthemesofyourspeechthepeoplekeytoyourspeechLookatthestructureofaspeech,thenreturntotheconceptofkeymessagesorthemesofyourspeechTimetostartwritingyourspeech,firstbycreatingoutlinesofthespeech,thenbymovingontodrafts,beforereachingthefinalversionSpeechStructure-Howtoorganizeyourspeechprovidingyourspeechwithabeginning,amiddle,andanend,laythefoundationsforasuccessfulspeechthatfulfillsallofyouraspirationsOpeningThefirstthirtysecondsofyourspeechareprobablythemostimportant.Inthatperiodoftimeyoumustgrabtheattentionoftheaudience,andengagetheirinterestinwhatyouhavetosayinyourspeech.Thiscanbeachievedinseveralways.Forexampleyoucouldra