美国马里兰丁曼中心Epstein先生孵化器培训PPT

DESIGNINGANINCUBATORSYSTEMCHANGZHOUCITYCHINA1.11.11ASHEREPSTEINMANAGINGDIRECTORDINGMANCENTERFORENTREPRENEURSHIP•MyIntroduction•WhatisIncubation•IncubatorModels•IncubatorBestPractices•FindingtheRIGHTcompanies•ProvidingtheRIGHTinfrastructure•MeasuringSuccessAgendaDayJob•48OperatingCompanies•191ExistingJobsCreated•$12,000,000+(2009Revenues)•$22,000,000+FundingRaisedDingmanCenterCompanies•Acceleratesthesuccessfuldevelopmentofstart-up•Provisionofmanagementguidance,•Technicalassistance,AdvisoryServices–Accesstoappropriaterentalspace•flexibleleases,•sharedbasicbusinessservicesandequipment,•technologysupportservices•assistanceinobtainingthefinancingSource:•Producesuccessfulfirmsthatwillleavetheprogramfinanciallyviableandfreestanding.•Graduateshavethepotentialto–createjobs,–revitalizeneighborhoods,–commercializenewtechnologies,and–strengthenlocalandnationaleconomies.Source:•Businessincubatorsgenerateupto20timesmorejobsthananyotherfederallyfundedcommunityinfrastructureprojectSource:•99.7%ofallemployerFirms•About50.2%ofallprivatesectoremployees•Paynearly45%ofprivatepayroll•Generated60-80%netnewjobs•50%nonfarmprivateGDP•Hire40%ofhightechworkersSource:(500employees)IncubatorModels•earliestincubationprogramsfocusedon–technologycompanies–lightindustrial,technologyandservicefirms•Newincubatorstarget–foodprocessing,–medicaltechnologies,–spaceandceramicstechnologies,–artsandcrafts,and–softwaredevelopment.IncubatorModelsBusinessIncubatorsBusinessIncubators:ComparisonofFourDifferentModelsLocalEconomicDevelopmentIncubatorsAcademicandScientificIncubatorsCorporateIncubatorsPrivateInvestors’IncubatorsGoalNon-profitNon-profitForprofitForprofitMainActivityGeneralistsHigh-techHigh-techHigh-techObjectives•jobcreation•re-industrialization/revitalization•economicdevelopment•supporttoparticulartargetgroupsorindustries•developmentofSMEsandclusters•commercializationoftechnologies•developmentofentrepreneurialspirit•civicresponsibility•image•newsourcesoffinance•developentrepreneurialspiritamongemployees–keeptalents•monitoring-accesstonewtechnologies,businessmodels,andnewmarkets•profits•profitsbysellingstockfromaportfolioofcompaniesallowingtoriskstobespreadTargets•smallcommercialcraftorservicecompanies•insomecases,high-techcompanies•projectsinternaltoinstitutionpriortocompanycreation•externalprojects•internalandexternalprojects,generallyrelatedtotheactivityofthecompany•technologicalstart-ups,generallyICTand/orbiotechnologyrelatedOffering•hostingandsharedservices•administrativeassistance•consultingEventually:•coaching–training–networking•accesstofinancing•concepttesting•technicaladviceandsupport•intellectualpropertyadvice•seedcapital•basicmanagementadviceEventually:•accesstobusinessangels,venturecapitalistsandcorporateinvestors•accesstoindustrialnetworks•strategicadvice•coaching•hosting•financialresources•Prototypeandmarkettesting•accesstocommercialmarketsEventually:•long-termstrategicpartnership•accesstomultiplecompetencies•managementandstrategyadvice•supplyofoneorseveraltypesoffinancingandsearchofcomplementaryfinancing•personalnetworksEventually:•hostingandadministrativeassistance•legalservices,publicrelations,recruiting,etc...KeyProblems•durability–lackofstabilityofresources•qualityofmanagementandservicesprovided–highlydependentonthequalityofthemanager•governance,riskofconflictsabouttheobjectives,bureaucraticred-tape,timespentinnegotiatingwithdifferentpartners•legitimateinsidetheinstitution•legalstatus,governance,independence,andoperationalflexibility•incomesources•managementquality;lackofbusinesscoachingexpertise•accesstoexternalresourcesandnetwork•strategicpositionoftheincubatorforthecorporatestructure•managementindependenceandabilitytomobilizeinternalresources•durabilityofthemissionoftheincubator•conflictsabouttheobjectivesbetweentheowners/themanagersofstart-upsandthecorporation•sourcingofqualityprojects•levelandconditionsoftheincubatorpaymentincomparisonwithprovidedservices•incubator'sparticipationattheentryandtheliquidation•durabilityoftheincubatorLocalScientificCorporateInvestorEconomyTrends•regulardevelopment•increasingterritorialcoverage•rapiddevelopmentundertheaegisofpublicprograms•testingoftheconceptinnumerouscompanies•likelytodevelop•highlevelsofconsolidationandrestructuringofthesector•stilllookingforasuccessfulmodelSource:•Programssupport–microenterprisecreation,–womenandminorities,–environmentSource: