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英语四级讲座——阅读理解试卷构成时间测试内容测试题型比例第一部分：写作30分钟写作短文写作15%第二部分：快速阅读理解15分钟快速阅读理解是非判断+句子填空或其他10%短对话多项选择听力对话长对话多项选择短文理解多项选择第三部分：听力理解35分钟听力短文短文听写复合式听写35%篇章词汇理解选词填空仔细阅读理解篇章阅读理解第四部分：阅读理解25分钟多项选择25%两者选一：完型填空或多项选择第五部分：综合测试15分钟改错错误辨认并改正10%第六部分：翻译5分钟中译英句子片段翻译5%四级考试各部分测试内容、题型、时间和所占比例四级阅读理解答题时间：15分钟（快速阅读理解）25分钟（仔细阅读理解）测试内容：快速阅读理解词汇阅读理解篇章阅读理解篇章阅读理解主旨题细节题推理题词汇题1、主旨题What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassageisto_____”What’stheauthor’sattitudetoward….?(1)、主旨题表现形式(2)、主旨题解题方法找到文章主题句，或者是可以体现文章主题的句子或单词。如何找主题句或主题？1重点关注文章的首段和首末句2关注文章或一段中有没有重复出现的词或词组，有没有黑体字或斜体字3问句一般不会是主题句，真正的主题句应该是这个问题的答案4关注转折关系的连词，如“but,yet,however,infact,indeed,practically,virtually”,5关注总结性的词，如inbrief,above,afterall,tosum等6如果含有show和suggest,重点看其后的宾语从句7掌握一些词组强调的重点，如”notonly…,butalso…,…aswellas…,more…than…,less…than…Example:Thewaypeopleholdtothebeliefthatafun-filled,painfreelifeequalshappinessactuallyreducestheirchancesofeverattainingrealhappiness,iffunandpleasureareequaltohappinessthenpainmustbeequaltounhappiness.Butinfact,theoppositeistrue:moreoftenthannotthingsthatleadtohappinessinvolvesomepain.Example:Spaceisadangerousplace,notonlybecauseofmeteors(流星）butalsobecauseofraysfromthesunandotherstars.Theatmosphere…..Radiationisthegreatestknowndangertoexplorersinspace.Theunitofradiationiscalled……（末句）Drugsmighthelptodecreasethedamagedonebyradiation,butnoreallyeffectiveoneshavebeenfoundsofar.Example:Thefridgeisconsideredanecessity.Ithasbeen…Inmyfridgelessfiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthy……Theinventionofthefridgecontributedcomparativelylittletotheartoffoodpreservation.Avastway…..Whatrefrigerationdidpromotewasmarketing-marketinghardwareand…..Thefridge’seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,whileitscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeeninsignificant.Ifyou…..补充：在态度题中经常出现的单词表示褒义的词汇表示贬义的词汇PositiveoptimisticsupportingpraisingadmiringpleasantconcernedenthusiastichumoroussoberPositive（赞成的）optimistic（乐观的）supporting（支持的）praising（赞扬的）admiring（羡慕的）pleasant（愉快的）concerned（关心的）enthusiastic（热情的）humorous（幽默的）sober（冷静的）DisgustedcriticalnegativesuspicioustolerantworriedpessimisticbitterDepresseddisappointedironicsarcasticcynicalsentimentalangryDisgusted（厌恶的）critical（批评的）negative（否定的）suspicious（怀疑的）tolerant（容忍的）worried（担忧的）pessimistic（悲观的）bitter（痛苦的）Depressed（沮丧的）disappointed（失望的）ironic（讽刺的）sarcastic（挖苦的）cynical（玩世不恭的）sentimental（感伤的）angry（气愤的）UninterestedimpassiveindifferentneutralsubjectiveobjectiveapatheticimpersonalInformativeimpartialcompromising表示中性的词汇Uninterested（不感兴趣的）impassive（不动感情的）indifferent（不关心的）neutral（中立的）subjective（主观的）objective（客观的）apathetic（漠不关心的）impersonal（不带个人感情的）Informative（提供信息的）impartial（不偏袒的）compromising(折衷的）二细节题（1）表现形式（2）解题方法（3）注意点(1)表现形式(2)解题方法先看题干，再看原文，带着题干个别的特有信息或者带着题干的中心话题在原文定位handballplayerWhatdidthehandballplayerdowhenhewasnotallowedatimeouttochangehisgloves?（3）注意点要注意合理但不正确的选项要注意表示程度、范围、频率等的副词或形容词“keepinconstanttouchwiththecomputercenter”（2002年1月）3、推理题(1)、表现形式对暗含意思推理下结论对各部分的内在联系和作者写作思路进行推理(2)、推理题解题方法1推断作者的言外之意（考试比例较大）注意文中关键词，短语注意暗示推理题的答案肯定不能是照搬原文词句，往往用同义词进行修改2推断某细节或整个段落排除与原文意思明显矛盾的或文中找不到依据的事实细节或观点5、词汇题一是常用词语辨析，侧重于考查多义常用词在特定语境中的具体意思二是生词，侧重于考查考生根据上下文推断生词意思的能力(1)、表现方式——词语推断(2)、词汇题解题方法Canwepaytoomuchattentiontodetails?Absolutely.Perfectionistsstruggleoverlittlethingsatthecostofsomethinglargertheyworktoward.“Tokeepfromlosingtheforestforthetrees”,saysCharlesGarfieldassociateprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,“Wemustconstantlyaskourselveshowthedetailswe’reworkingonfitintothelargerpicture.Iftheydon’tweshoulddropthemandmovetosomethingelse”.Theword“perfectionists”(Line2Para.3，)referstothosewhoA)demandotherstogeteverythingabsolutelyrightB)knowhowtoadjusttheirgoalsaccordingtothecircumstancesC)paytoomuchattentiontodetailsonlytolosetheirmajorobjectivesD)arecapableofachievingperfectresultsinwhatevertheydoThankyou!