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青岛科技大学研究生学位论文I先进控制在催化裂化装置上的设计与实现摘要催化裂化装置是炼油和石油化工生产过程的关键装置，在炼油生产链中起重要作用，其运行状况影响全厂的生产及经济效益，因此对于研究如何提高装置的平稳性运行、节能降耗并最终实现提高装置经济效益意义重大。本文针对某石化公司重油催化裂化装置现有DCS及设备的实际情况创新的采用将国内外先进控制与实时优化技术相结合的设计方案，开发了一套先进控制与实时优化系统。先进控制与实时优化系统由软测量系统与在线校正部分、反应再生先进控制与实时优化系统、主分馏先进控制系统和吸收稳定先进控制系统构成。采用北京利华益科技有限公司开发的PACROS软件主要用来实现数据采集、软测量计算、以及实时优化系统的实现，先进控制器部分应用Honeywell公司RMPCT鲁棒多变量预估控制器。投用效果表明自先进控制上线投用以来，实现了催化裂化装置的平稳控制，减轻了操作员的劳动强度，改善了产品质量并最终实现提高经济效益的项目总目标。关键词：催化裂化先进过程控制技术集散控制系统软测量先进控制在催化裂化装置上的研究与实现IITHERESERCHANDPRACTICEOFAPCINFCCUABSTRACTThefluidcatalyticcrackingunit(FCCU)isthekeydeviceofoilrefiningandpetrochemicalproductionprocessanditplaysanimportantroleintheoilrefiningproductionchain.Itsoperationconditionsaffectthewholeproductionandeconomicbenefit.Therefore,ithasasignificantmeaningonhowtoimprovesmoothness,saveenergy,reduceconsumptionandimproveeconomicbenefitofFCCU.InthispaperanAPC(AdvancedProcessControl)systemisdeveloped,itcreativelyadoptsdesigningschemebycombingdomesticaswellasforeignadvancedcontrolandtheoptimaltechnologyrealizationaccordingtotheexistingDCSandrealconditionsofdevice.APC&RTOS(Real-timeoptimizationsystem)iscomposedoffourparts．whicharesoft-sensorsystem&correlationsystem，Reaction-RegenerationAPC&RTOS．Main-FractionAPCandAbsorber&StabilizationAPC．PACROSsoftwaresmainlyaimsatrealizingdataacquisition,softmeasurementcalculation,andreal-timeoptimization,whichareproducedbyBeijingLihuayiSci-Techco.,LTD.RMPCTmultivariablepredictivecontrollerofHoneywellcompanyisusedasadvancedcontrollerpart.SincetheonlineoperationofadvancedcontrolstablecontrolofFCCUarerealized,theoperatorlaborintensityisreduced,thequalityofproductisimproved,aswellasthetotalgoalincreasingeconomicbenefitoftheprojectarerealizedaccordingtotheanalysisoftherevampingeffectinFCCU.Theresultshowsthatsincetheadvancedcontrollinehasbeenputintouse,stablecontrolofcatalyticcrackingunitisrealized.Theoperator'slaborintensityisreduced,andthequalityoftheproductsisimproved.Atlast,theprojectobjectivestoimprovetheeconomicbenefitsissuccessfullyrealized.KEYWORDS:FCCUAPCDCSSoft-Sensor青岛科技大学研究生学位论文III青岛科技大学研究生学位论文III目录第一章绪论...........................................................................................................11.1课题背景及研究意义............................................................................................11.2催化裂化的工艺流程.............................................................................................21.2.1反应再生系统......................................................................................................21.2.2分馏系统.............................................................................................................31.2.3吸收稳定系统.....................................................................................................41.3催化裂化存在的问题............................................................................................41.4使用APC技术提高催化裂化经济效益..............................................................5第二章先进控制技术...........................................................................................72.1先进控制技术概述................................................................................................72.2软测量技术.............................................................................................................82.3模型预测控制技术................................................................................................92.3.1.1预测模型...........................................................................................................92.3.1.2滚动优化.........................................................................................................112.3.1.3反馈校正.........................................................................................................112.4RMPCT控制器......................................................................................................142.4.1RMPCT控制器结构...........................................................................................142.4.2RMPCT控制器特点...........................................................................................152.4.3RMPCT关键技术...............................................................................................172.5PACROS系统技术...............................................................................................192.5.1PACROS特点....................................................................................................192.5.2PACROS系统结构............................................................................................20第三章先进控制技术方案设计......................................................................243.1先进控制方案设计依据.......................................................................................243.2先进控制装置现状...............................................................................................253.3先进控制主要技术设计.......................................................................................253.3.1基于机理的的在线实时观测器（Observe）设计...........................................263.3.2基于辨识模型鲁棒多变量预估控制器（RMPCT）设计......