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1．witnessn.目击者；证人；证据vt.当场见到；目击awitnessto……的目击者bear/givewitness(to)为…作证calltowitness请……作证；传……作证witnessto(doing)sth.作证[即学即练1](1)ThesuccessfullaunchofShenzhouⅦis________________________ourcountry‘sincreasingprosperity.“神舟”七号的成功发射是我们伟大祖国日益强盛的有力见证。(2)Thetwoservants_____________MrSmith’swill.两个仆人在史密斯先生的遗嘱上签名作证。powerfulwitnesstowitnessed(3)Shewaspunishedfor__________________.她因作伪证受到惩处。(4)Theworker________________________theaccusednearthesceneofthecrime.这个工人作证说曾看见被告在犯罪现场附近。givingfalsewitnesseswitnessedtohavingseen2．accommodationn.住所；住宿，膳宿供应；(pl.)提供便利的设备(或用具)；适应，调节accommodatesthvt.向……提供住宿(或膳宿)；容纳，接纳，招待住宿；供应，供给；使适应，使适合，调节make/provideaccommodationsfor为……提供膳宿bookaccommodationatahotel向旅馆预订房间arrangesb.‘saccommodation给某人安排住处accommodate/adaptto使……适应accommodateoneselfto＝adaptoneselfto适应，顺应accommodate/supplysb.with向某人提供方便[即学即练2](1)Thehousewill_______________twofamilies.这幢房子可容纳两家人居住。(2)Thebankwill__________________you______aloan.银行将提供一笔贷款给你。(3)Youwillhaveto______________yourself______thesituation.你必须使自己适应形势。accommodateaccommodatewithaccommodateto3．urgevt.催促，力劝，强烈要求n．强烈的欲望，迫切要求urgesb.todosth.催促某人做某事urgesb.intodoing催促某人做某事urgethatsb.(should)dosth.主张……；力劝……Itis/wasurgedthat...有人主张……haveanurgetodosth.渴望做某事[即学即练3(1)We____________her________________herbirthdaygiftfromherboyfriend.(2)MyfriendsurgedthatI__________________forthejob.朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。(3)Itwasurgedthathe__________________.有人极力主张他应受到处罚。(5)ThevacationiscomingandI_________________________.假期快到了，我很想外出旅行。urgedtoopen(should)apply(should)bepunishedhaveanurgetotravel4．abandonvt.放弃，遗弃，抛弃；使任凭……摆布n.放任，放纵，狂放；无拘无束abandononeselftosth.沉溺于某事abandondoingsth放弃做某事abandonaproject/plan放弃一项方案/计划abandonone’scountry/friend背弃祖国/朋友withabandon放肆地；恣意地abandonsth.forsth.舍弃某物去取另一物[即学即练4](1)Thechild______________________hisparents.这孩子被父母遗弃了。(2)Thecrew_____________theburningship.水手们离弃了燃烧着的船。(3)I____________________________ofbeingadoctor.我放弃了当医生的希望。(4)She_______________herself______despair.她陷入绝望之中。wasabandonedbyabandonedabandonedmyhopeabandonedto5．reflectvt.映射；反射vi.vt.思考，反省，深思reflectionn.反射；反照；反映；映像reflectsb./sth.insth.在…映射出某人/物的影像reflectsth.fromsth.从某物(表面)反射(光、热、声等)reflecton/uponsth.思考某事belostinreflection陷入沉思中6．awareadj.意识到的；知道的awarenessn.知道；认识；意识；兴趣be/becomeawareofsth.意识到某事(aware通常做表语)be/becomeawarethat...意识到……asfarasI‘maware据我所知makesb.awareof/that...让某人知道……lackofawareness缺乏知识raiseawarenessabout提高对…的认识[即学即练6](1)Idon‘tthinkpeople______really_________justhowmuchitcosts.我认为人们并不真正明白这要花多少钱。(2)Everyonepresentatthemeetingshould______________therisksinvolved.该让出席会议的每个人都知道所涉及的风险。areawareofbemadeawareof(3)Shesuddenly__________________peoplelookingather.她突然注意到人们在看她。(4)____________________________________，nobodyhasdoneanythingaboutit.据我所知，尚无人对此采取任何措施。becameawareofAsfarasIamaware7．scarev.恐吓，惊吓，害怕n.惊吓，恐慌，恐惧scaredadj.害怕的；担心的scaresb.away/off把某人吓跑/吓退scaresb.intodoingsth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事bescaredofsb./sth.害怕某人/某物bescaredofdoingsth.害怕发生某事bescaredtodosth.害怕、恐惧做某事bescaredthat害怕……(be)scaredtodeath吓得要死[即学即练7](1)Thescarecrowinthefieldisusedto______thebirds______.田地里的稻草人是用来吓跑小鸟的。(2)They______thelittleboy____________foodsinthesupermarket.他们威胁这个小男孩到超市里去偷食物。(3)Thelittlegirl________________________outalone.这个小女孩不敢一个人外出。(4)I'm____________I'mgoingtofall.我担心自己快掉下去了。scareawayscaredintostealingisscaredofgoingscared(that)8．helpout帮(……)分担工作，帮(……)脱离困境helpsb.withsth.帮助某人干某事help(sb.)(to)dosth.帮助(某人)干某事can'thelptodo不能帮助干某事can'thelpdoing禁不住干某事can'thelpbutdo只得，不得不helponeselfto随便吃/用……withthehelpofsb.=withone’shelp[即学即练8](1)IsthereanythingIcandoto____________？我能帮上忙吗？(2)Hewasobviouslyinsomekindoftrouble,butIdidn‘tknowhowIcould__________________.他显然遇到了麻烦，但我不知道应怎样帮他。(3)Canyou________________________themathsproblem？你能帮我解决这道数学题吗？helpouthelphimouthelpmeoutwith9.flee/escape/runaway三者都有“逃跑”的意思，但有所侧重。(1)flee强调逃跑行为本身，含有逃走、消散的意思。(2)escape强调逃跑的结果，即成功地跑掉了。(3)runaway多用于口语，含有不辞而别的意思。Ⅱ.重点句型详解1．“Come_on,_Clancy.Totheboat，”．..“快点，克兰西。快到船上去。”……Comeon.意为：“来！快！得啦！加油！”表示劝说、激励、不耐烦等语气。①Comeon!Wedon‘thavemuchtime.快点！我们的时间不多了。②Oh,comeon—youknowthatisn‘ttrue!哦，得了吧，你知道那不是真的！拓展：Comealong!快来！赶快！加把劲！Comeagain.请再说一遍！你说什么来着？Howcome...?怎么回事？怎么发生的？怎样解释？whenitcomestosth./todoingsth.当涉及某事/做某事时①IfshespentfiveyearsinParis,howcomeherFrenchissobad?既然她在巴黎待了五年，她的法语怎么还会这样糟糕？②WhenitcomestoteachingstudentsEnglish,hehasalottosay.当涉及教学生英语时，他有很多话要说。③Comealong!We‘relatealready.快点！我们已经迟到了。④—Sheisanactress.她是一个演员。—Comeagain.请再说一遍。(你说什么来着？)[即境活用1]—I‘mdeadtired.Ican’twalkanyfarther,Jenny.—______，Tommy.Youcandoit!A．NoproblemB．NohurryC．ComeonD．That'sOK答案：C解析：Comeon.“加油！”表示激励。Noproblem.没问题；Nohurry.别着急；That'sOK.没关系。2．Thefishdidn‘tseemtomindme_swimmingamongthem.鱼儿好像并不介意我游在它们中间。me在句中用做swimming的逻辑主语，这叫做动名词的复合结构。动名词的复合结构的其中一种形式是“物主代词或名词所有格＋动名词”，在句中做主语、宾语、表语等。如果不是在句子开头，这个结构常常可以用名词的普通格(或人称代词的宾格)。①His/Jack'snotgettingtothestationontimemadeallofusworried.他/杰克没准时到车站使得我们大家都很担心。(做主语)②Doyoumindmy/me/Jack's/Jackleavingnow?我/杰克现在离开你介意吗？(做动词的宾语)③Haveyouheardofmysister'swinningthecontest?我妹妹在竞赛中获胜的事你听说了吗？(做动词短语的宾语)④Heleftthecitywithoutourknowingit.他离开这个城市我们大家都不知道。(做介词的宾语)⑤WhatismostimportantisTom'sgoingthereatonce.最重要的是汤姆立刻到那里去。