虚拟语气

1虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等含义，虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。IfIwereyou,I'dtakethemaway.如果我是你的话，我就会带走他们。IfIhadmetLiHua,Icouldhadtoldhim.如果我碰见了李华，我就告诉了他了。IfIhadtime.Icouldcometohelpyou.如果我有时间，我会来帮助你的。Hesuggestedthatourclassshouldbedividedintofivegroups.他建议说我们的班应该分成五个小组。Hespeakstousasifhehadbeenthere.他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿。虚拟语气的用法1)虚拟语气用在简单句中，表示祝愿，命令。Mayyoubehappy.祝你幸福。Mayyouhaveagoodtime.祝愿你玩的痛快。Maythefriendshipbetweenuslastlong.祝愿我们的友情天长地久。Haveagoodjourney!祝愿你旅途愉快！Yougoout！你出去！2)虚拟语气用在宾语从句中。动词wish,suggest,order,insist,propose,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气，宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望，要求。Iwishshewouldbeonmyside.我希望她能站在我一边。IwishIcouldhelphim.我希望我能帮助他。Heinsistedthatallofusshouldbethereontimebyanymeans.他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。动词demand,suggest,order,insist,propose后面的从句中，should可以省略。Theteachersuggestedthatwe(should)cleantheblackboardafterclass.老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。Heorderedthatthestudentswashtheclotheseveryweekbythemselves.他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。3)虚拟语气用在主语从句中。在句型Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural)that....中，that后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should+动词原形2It'snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.我们有必要出去散散步。It'snaturalthatsheshoulddoso.她这样做是很自然的。It'simportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient.重要的是我们要照顾好病人。4)虚拟语气用在状语从句中。虚拟语气最多地用在表示条件的状语从句和表示结果的主句中。在表示与事实相反的虚拟语气时，动词有三种时态形式，即现在，过去和将来。与现在事实相反的：条件从句结果从句IfI(we,you,he,they)+动词过去式..ifI(he,she)were...I(we)should+动词原形。He(you,they)would+动词原形。与过去事实相反的：条件从句结果从句IfI(we,you,he,they)+had+过去分词I(we)should+have+过去分词。Hewould+have+过去分词。IfIwereyou,Ishouldbuyit.如果我是你，我就买了它。IfIhadtime,IwouldstudyFrench.如果我有时间，我会学习法语的。IfsheknewEnglish,shewouldnotaskmeforhelp.如果她懂英语的话，她不会找我帮忙的。Ifyouhadgotupearlier,youcouldhavecaughtthetrain.如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。Ifitwerefinetomorrow,Iwouldgoshopping.如果明天天气好，我就去买东西。有关虚拟语气的几个问题：1)有时if引导的状语从句可以省略if，而把从句中的动词were,had或should移到主语前面。Weresheyounger,shewoulddoit.如果她年青点，她就会干的Hadheknownheraddress,hewouldhadgonetovisither.如果他知道她的地址，他会去看她的。2)有时表示虚拟语气的条件从句或者主句都可以省略，而只剩下一个主句或者一个条件从句。3Icouldhelpyou.我本来可以帮助你。IfIhadtime.我要有时间该多好啊。Sheshouldhavecometotheparty.她应该来参加聚会。Ifhehadmuchmoremoney.如果他有更多的钱就能...。3)虚拟语气中，条件从句的动词动作可以和主句的动词动作时态不一致。Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycoulddoiteasilynow.如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干的就会容易些。Ifhehadnottakenmyadvice,hewouldn'tdoitmuchbetterlikethi如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。虚拟语气1.Heoughttohavehandedinhishomeworkearlythismorning.That’swhathe________.A.shouldbedoingB.shoulddoC.shouldhavedoneD.would2.MrWhitehadneverthoughtthattheironlyson______selldrugsandbesentto______prison.A.should.../B.should….theC.would..,theD.could…/3.Hisorderisthateveryone________theirownworkintime.A.completedB.mustcompleteC.completesD.complete4.Iwishyou_____thecollegeentranceexamination.A.passedB.hadpassedC.shouldpassD.havepassed5.___________foryourhelp,wemighthavelostourwaysintheforest.A.WereitnotB.HaditnotbeenC.HaditbeenD.Wereit6.Sheisinsuchdeepsorrowatthesadnews.You__________heraboutitsosoon.A.mustn’thavetoldB.shouldn’thavetoldC.mustn’ttellD.shouldn’ttell7.—WhatdidyourEnglishteachersuggesttoyou?—HesuggestedthatI_______speakingEnglishwithmyclassmatesfromtimetotime.A.shouldhavepracticedB.practiseC.practicedD.wouldpractise8.—Didyouseethebasketballgamelastnight?—No,I_________tohaveseenit,butIwasbusythen.A.hadlikedB.wouldlikeC.likedD.like9.You’reveryselfish.It’shightimeyou_______thatyou______notthepersonwithoutanydifficultyA.dorealize…areB.realized…areC.realize…areD.realized…were10.We_______lastnight,butwewenttotheconcertinstead.A.musthavestudiedB.mightstudyC.shouldhavestudiedD.wouldstudy411.Thecitygovernmentordersthatamedicalteam_________tothefrontatonce.A.wassentB.oughttosendC.besentD.wouldbesent12.Ifyouhadseenhimlasttime,you_______whattodonow.A.wouldhaveknownB.shouldhaveknownC.wouldknowD.mayknow13.Whatshouldwedo________tomorrow?A.shoulditsnowB.woulditsnowC.snowD.willsnow14.LiPingiswaitingaloneinthereading-room,you_________heryesterdayaboutthematter.A.oughttotellB.musthavetoldC.oughttohavetoldD.shouldtell15.Itisessentialthatwaysandmeanstoprotecttheenvironment_________assoonaspossible.A.beadoptedB.havebeadoptedC.willbeadoptedD.willadopt16.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you_______allrightnow.A.areB.wereC.wouldbeD.wouldhavebeen17.Itisofthemostimportancethatyou________hereontime.A.beB.wouldbeC.mustbeD.aretobe18.—HowaboutatriptoLondon?—_________theexpense,I________go.A.Ifitwerenot…shouldB.Wereitnotfor…wouldB.Weren’titif…wouldD.Ifithadn’tbeenfor…could19._____yourarrival,I’dhavemetyouattherailwaystation.A.IfIknowB.ShouldIknowC.IfIhadknownD.IfIknow20.Ourdemandisthatanotherexperiment__________.A.shallbemadeB.willbemadeC.mustbemadeD.bemade21.You_____meearlierifyoudidnotlikeyourhouseboughtlastmonth.A.wouldtellB.hadtoldC.toldD.wouldhavetold22.ItisnotlikelythatJackisunfriendly,sohe________youwhenyoucalled.A.shouldnothaveseenB.hadnotseenC.couldnothaveseenD.didnotseen23.Butforthedoctors,thepatients_____A.didnotrecoverwellB.hadnotwellrecoveredC.hasnotrecoveredsowellD.wouldnothaverecoveredsowell24.Ithadbeenameaningfulmeeting,I_________itatall.A.wouldn’thavemissedB.wouldhavemissedC.wouldhavemissedD.wouldn’tmiss25.WhenItookthedictionarybacktoMaria,shesaidcoldly,“You________itearlier,forI_____itata