Unit-8-Company-Performance

Unit8CompanyPerformanceLearningObjectivesAftercompletingthislesson,Studentsshouldbeableto:Comprehendbasicvocabularyusedtodescribegraphsandcharts;Identifyspeedanddegreeofchangesinbusinessgraphsandcharts;Developcommunicationskillsto:•Describegraphsanscharts;•Introducecompanyperformance.BusinessProfileWanttoknowaboutcompanyperformance?Bytheendofeachfinancialyear,allpubliclytradedcompanieswillreleaseareporttotelltheirshareholders,prospectiveinvestors,customersandothersaboutthecompanyperformance,ie.Howthebusinessraninthepastyear.Wecallthistheannualreport.Thereportincludedsbothquantifiableandunquantifiableinformation.Readingannualreportsisanexcellentwaytofamiliarizeyourselfwithacompanyanditsmarkets.AnnualReportAnannualreportisareportpresentedeachyearbythedirectorstothemembersandshareholdersofacompany,givinginformationaboutthecompany’stradingactivitiesandincludingcertaindocumantswhichmustbeproducedbylaw,namelythebalancesheet,theprofitandlossaccount,andtheauditors’anddirectors’reports.Anannualreportisacomprehensivereportonacompany'sactivitiesthroughouttheprecedingyear.Annualreportsareintendedtogiveshareholdersandotherinterestedpeopleinformationaboutthecompany'sactivitiesandfinancialperformance.Mostjurisdictionsrequirecompaniestoprepareanddiscloseannualreports,andmanyrequiretheannualreporttobefiledatthecompany'sregistry.Companieslistedonastockexchangearealsorequiredtoreportatmorefrequentintervals(dependingupontherulesofthestockexchangeinvolved).FormatofAnnualReportMostannualreportsfollowaverysimilarformatinspiteofthedifferenttypesofinofrmationtheycontain.Commonsectionsare:LetterfromcompanyChairman/theChairmans’sStatementFinacialhighlightsBalanceSheetsProfitandlossStatementsNewBusinessReportsAnnualReview/BusinessReviewTypicallyannualreportswillinclude:•Chairperson’sreport•Ceo’sreport•Auditor’sreportoncorporategovernance•Missionsstatement•Corporategovernancestatementofcompliance•Statementofdirectors'responsibilities声明董事的职责•Invitationtothecompany'sAGM邀请公司的股东周年大会aswellasfinancialstatementsincluding:•Audiotr’sreportonfinancialstatements•Balancesheet•Statementofretainedearnings声明保留赢利•Incomestatement•Cashflowstatement•Notestothefinancialstatements•AccountingpoliciesChairman’sstatementThechairman’sstatementismadebythechairmanofacompanyatitsannualgeneralmeetingandisoftenincludedintheannualreport.Thestatementisnotrequuiredbylawandtherearenoregulationsastoitscontents,butitoftencontainscrucialandusefulinformationaboutthecompany.BalancesheetsAbalancesheetisastatementshowingthefinancialconditionofabusinessatcertaindate(uausllyattheendofanaccountingperiod)withanaimofgiving,insingledocument,somemeansofmeasuringthefinancialpositionofthebusinessandofjudgingitsvaluesasaninvestment.Itcontainsthebalancesoftheledgeraccountsseparatedintoliabilities(mainlycapitalinvested,creditors,reserves,e.g.forstaffpersions)andassets(mainlylandandbuildings,machinery,stock-in-trade,cash,investments,andamountsreceivablefromdebtors.)WTOchiefsaysbanksmustcleanupbalancesheets.世贸组织总干事说,各银行必须清理资产负债表.Whatisabalancesheetusedfor?Abalancesheethelpsanyinterestedpersonquicklygetahandleonthefinacialstrengthandcapabilitesofthebusinesss:Isthebusinessinapositiontoedxpand?Canthebusinesseasilyhandlethenormalfonancialebbsandflowsofrevenuesandexpensed?Or,shouldthebusinesstakeimmediatestepstobolstercashreserves?Howshouldprofitandlossbesharedbetweenthepartiestoajointventure?合资企业各方如何分享利润、分担亏损?PartIwarm-upDoyouknowthenameofthegraphsandcharts?IfyouweretopreparePPTsforpresentationsontwotopics:Employeeopinionsurveyonmanagement;IncomegrowthinGuangzhou,shanghaiandBeijing(2005~2008),whatkindofgraphorchartwouldyouuseineachcase??PartIIlisteningandSpeakingLanguageexpansionVerbsandnounsfordescribingchangesandtrendsUpwardmovementDownwardmovementVerbNounVerbNounIncreaseIncreaseDecreaseDecreaseRiseRiseFallFallGoupGodownClimbClimbDropDropAdvanceRetreatRetreatGaingroundLosegroundGrowGrowthDeclineDeclinePickupReduceReductionImproveImprovementSlipbackRecoverRecoveryBottomouthikehikeslideslideAdjectivesandadverbstoindicatespeedanddegreeofchangesSpeedofchangeDegreeofchangeAdj.Adv.TypeofchangeAdj.Adv.TypeofchangeRapidRapidlyfastNoticeablenoticeablybigFastFastconsiderableconsiderablySharpsharplyDramaticDramaticallySuddensuddenlySignificantSignificantlySteepSteeplySlightSlightlysmallSteadySteadilyregularSmallAlittlegradualGraduallymoderatemoderately液晶电视机(LCDTV)的价格降低了百分之三十.该地区粮食产量增长了三倍.今年手扶拖拉机的产量增加了两倍.生产成本减少了百分之十.ThepriceofaLCDTVsetdroppedby30%.Thegrainoutputintheareahasgoneupbythreetimes.Thisyeartheproductionofwalking-tractorshasincreasedbytwice.Theproductioncostwasreducedbytenpercent.Portableharddisksproductionhasincreasedfourtimes.Thesalesofourhandicraftshaverisen3.5fold.Thetotaloutputvalueofthecity’slightindustryhasgrownoverthreetimesasagainlastyear.Theweightofthebicyclehasdecreased3times.Thelengthoftheropehasbeenshortened5fold.Iftherewereabridgehere,thedistancewouldbeshortenedfourtimes.Thenumberofthestudentsinthatschoolhasbeendecreasedmorethanthreefo