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、60%、、[1-2]。40t。HydrothermalcarbonizationHTC20180~250℃、2~10MPa、、、、。54.66%C52.59%43.73%43.93%O41.56%49.94%50.95%。。SiO2。GC-MS＞＞。X705A1672-2043201411-2260-06doi:10.11654/jaes.2014.11.02711123*1.3000712.3000713.300071PropertiesofHydrocharsfromDifferentSourcesofBiomassFeedstockSUNKe-jing1,ZHANGHai-rong1,TANGJing-chun1,2,3*1.CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,NankaiUniversity,Tianjin300071,China;2.KeyLaboratoryofPollutionProcessesandEnvironmentalCriteriaMinistryofEducation,Tianjin300071,China;3.TianjinKeyLaboratoryofEnvironmentalRemediationandPollutionControl,Tianjin300071,ChinaAbstractHydrothermalcarbonizationisathermochemicalprocessconvertingbiomassintoacoal-likematerialcalledhydrocharunderbiomass/watersuspensionconditions.ThreehydrocharswerepreparedbyhydrothermalcarbonizationHTCfromthreedifferentfeedstocksourcesofsawdustSD,wheatstrawWSandcornstalkCS.Theircharacteristicsincludingoutputs,elementalcontents,surfaceproper－ties,PAHsconcentrationsandsurfacefunctionalgroupswereinvestigated.ResultsshowedthathydrocharfromSDH-SDhadthehighestoutputs54.66%,andCcontent52.59%,whileOcontentwasthelowest41.56%.TheSEMresultsshowedthatH-SDhadsmoothsur－faceandneatly-arrangedporousstructure,whereasWShydrocharH-WSwasplatyparticleswithroughsurfacewhileCShydrocharH-CSdidnothaveobviousporestructure.Hydrothermalcarbonizationdidnotchangethetypesoffunctionalgroupsbutincreasedthecon－tentsoforganicfunctionalgroupswhiledecreasedmineralcomponentssuchasSiO2inH-WS.However,bothorganicfunctionalgroupsandmineralcomponentssignificantlyincreasedinH-SD.ThePAHsconcentrationsofhydrocharswereinorderH-WSH-SDH-CS,withphenanthreneandnaphthalenebeingmajorcomponents.Keywordssawdust;wheatstraw;cornstalk;hydrochar;property2014－05－12312705448632013AA06A205201200311100151989—。E-mailkejingsun0919@126.com*E-mailtangjch@nankai.edu.cn20143311:2260-2265201411JournalofAgro-EnvironmentScience321201411[3]。[4-6]。[7]。。Cornsilage、Poultrymanure、Drystraw[8-9]、[10-12]。[13-14]、[15][16-18]、[1117][19-20][7]。。、200℃20h。11.1、2min。50。1.2[21]5g、SD、WS、CS60mL100mL200℃20h。105℃12h。100H-SD、H-WSH-CS。1.31.3.1、=/×100%500mg750℃6h[22]。CHNEA3000C、H、NO。3。[9]MJ·kg-1=0.3383C+1.442H-O/8C、HO、。1.3.2SEMSEMS-3500N。1.3.3FT-IRKBr1cmFTS6000Bio-rad。400～4000cm-18.0cm-132[23]。1.3.4PAHsPAHs-GC-MSPolarisQThermoFinnganPAHs。16PAHsThermolThermoScientificTRACETR-5MS30m×0.25mm0.25μm1mL·min-1。100℃1min5℃·min-1270℃4min3℃·min-1310℃25min[24]。PAHsAccuStandardsInc.。22.1、1H-SD54.66%H-WSH-CS。[9]CO2。。H-SD17.38MJ·kg-1。226133111Table1PropertiesofhydrocharsfromdifferentsourcesoffeedstockH-SDH-WSH-CS/%54.66±247.10±148.45±0.8/MJ·kg-117.38±19.68±0.911.10±0.6/%0.94±0.23.63±0.061.36±0.04C/%52.59±143.73±143.93±0.8H/%4.91±0.42.70±0.23.76±0.1O/%41.56±149.94±150.95±0.9H/C1.12±0.080.74±0.041.03±0.01O/C0.59±0.030.86±0.050.87±0.03CHO[25]。H-SDC52.59%H-WSH-CS43.73%、43.93%O41.56%。N＜0.30%[926]。O/CH/C[27]。1O/CH/CH-CS≈H-WS＞H-SDH-WS＞H-CS＞H-SD。2.21。。1a、1b1d、1e1g、1h。。5001b、1c、1f。1e、1h1Figure1SEMimagesofthreefeedstockmaterialsandtheirhydrocharsaSD×500bH-SD×500cH-CS×500dCS×3.0keH-CS×3.0kfH-WS×500gWS×3.0khH-WS×3.0kSD、CS、WS、、H-SD、H-CS、H-WS、、。2262321201411。2.3FT-IR、、2。3342cm-12917cm-1CH2、CH31735cm-1C=O1599cm-1C=C、C=O[28]1060、900cm-1Si-O-Si[29]。。-OH、CH2、C=OSi-O-SiCS＞WS＞SD。。H-SD3339、2924、1703、1604cm-11060、900cm-1Si-O-SiH-WSH-CS3339、2924cm-1-OHCH2、CH31703、1604cm-1Si-O-Si1060cm-1900cm-1。SiO2。2.4PAHsGC-MS162。PAHsH-WS3.29μg·g-1H-SDH-CS2.45、2.02μg·g-1。PAHsH-WSH-CSPAHsH-SD。PAHs、PAHs[a]、、[a]、[ghi]0.09~0.17μg·g-1H-WS0.17μg·g-12、、Figure2FTIRspectrumofsawdustwheatstrawandcornstalkandtheirhydrocharsafeedstockbhydrochars/cm-1350030002500200015001000H-WSH-CSH-SDO－HN－H3339.0CH2CH32924.6C=O1703.7C=CC=O1604.8Si-O-Si900.31060.2-COO-1511.810090807060504030T/%ba/cm-14000350030002500200015001000500WSCSSDO－HN－H3342.0CH2CH32916.8C=O1735.31599.2Si-O-Si901.01059.51242.8-OH1370.410090807060504030T/%C=CC=O4000500226333112-PAHsng·g-1Table2ConcentrationsofPAHsinhydrocharsasidentifiedbyGasChromatography-MassSpectrometryng·g-1H-WSH-CSH-SDNap693.72±17.78361.56±39.35795.18±63.98Acy33.72±2.4332.68±2.8131.03±4.88Ace75.50±5.9755.08±4.7686.83±14.53Flo225.96±18.32130.44±26.90333.67±72.86Phe1118.65±77.41665.46±96.19713.95±28.82Ant56.80±4.7151.55±6.9555.60±13.07Flu472.49±22.62288.15±31.86171.83±9.48Pyr345.25±11.64227.28±9.15112.31±2.82[a]BaA43.81±4.5433.11±4.3330.20±8.34Chr75.85±11.0452.48±6.6438.24±3.27[b]BbF78.70±13.4656.21±5.1740.44±5.76[k]BkF3.71±0.1711.63±1.058.27±0.53[a]BaP30.73±4.9415.99±1.2311.78±3.78[123-cd]InP15.97±2.6916.03±3.339.31±1.38[ah]DBA5.92±1.781.80±0.502.39±0.89[ghi]BgP15.79±1.3716.45±2.338.92±1.42PAHs3292.57±123.212015.91±160.372449.96±93.750.07μg·g-10.12μg·g-129μg·g-1[30]。PAHs[31-32][33]。Hockaday[34]PAHs。、PAHs。3154.66%52.59%43.73%43.93%41.56%49.94%50.95%O/C0.59。2。。3SiO2。4GC-MSPAHs＞＞。[1],,,.[J].,2009,2512211-217.BIYu-yun,GAOChun-yu,WANGYa-jing,etal.EstimationofstrawresourcesinChina[J].TransactionsoftheCSAE,2009,2512211-217.[2].[D].,20121-4.HEYong-tao.Co-productionofactivatedcarbonandbio-oilfromagri－culturalandforestryresidues[D].HangzhouZhejiangUniversityofTechn