东西方龙差异比较--英语西方文化作业

2016103318张景乐2016103320刘慧慧2016103322康佳颖2016103323廉玉妍2016103324张艳姣2016103329王一姣（数理经济试验班）origin•East:dragonisoneoftheproductsofancienttotemworshipinChina.ItwasrecordedthattheDragonoriginatedintheearlyNeolithicage,atleasteightthousandyeaoriginandshapersago.Theancientsattributedsomeunexplainedphenomenatothedivinepower,andthedragonwasoneofthethingsendowedbytheancientstothissupernaturalpower.Theearliestrecordofthedragonbookisthebookofchanges,dragonflightanddragonintheabyssrecords.•West:therearemanydifferentopinions.TheyhaveappearedinthemythsofnorthernEurope,Greece,Babylon,middleages,Europe,andsoon.OnlytheBiblehasmentionedthemmanytimes.appearanceEast:amorecommonimageofthedragon,characterizedbynine,like:Deerhorns,headlikecattle,eyeslikeshrimp,mouthlikedonkey,bellylikesnakes,scaleslikefish,footlikePhoenix,mustbelikepeople,earslike.West:Dragonhasstrongbody,longandthickneck,angularorfrillhead,sharpteeth,andalongtail.Withfourpowerfulsteps,itflieswithapairofhugewingslikeabat,whosebodyiscoveredwithscalestoprotectthebody.It'seyeshavefoureyelids,thethreelayeristransparent,canprotecttheireyes,earscanbeopened,butnotallhavelongear.Teeth,usuallyinward,torip.symbolicmeaningIntheOrientAuspiciousWisdomGoodLuckStrengthIntheOccidentAvariciousBloodthirstyEvilTheSymbolicMeaningsofDragonsintheOrientFromprimitivetimespeoplehaveregardedthedragonasanauspiciouscreaturewiththepowertoblessandinfluencetheirlives.Astribesfoughtfordominationandcametobeunitedunderacommonbannerthedragonwasadoptedasanationalicon.Suchwasthemysteriouscreature'spoweritwasregardedasthegodofrain,thunder,therainbow,andthestars.Inasocietythatwasfoundeduponagricultureandanimalhusbandrytotallyreliantuponitsnaturalenvironmentandinparticulartheclimate,thedragonwasworshippedasthesourceofallthatwasbeneficialtocommunalwellbeing.Thisconcepthasbeensustainedforthousandsofyearsasmoreandmoredeificationwasbestoweduponthedragonrangingfrombeingabringerofjoytoprophecyandmiracles.Withtheestablishmentofafeudalsociety,emperorscomparedthemselvestothedragontherebymakingittheexclusivesymbolofimperialmajesty.Anyonewhosubsequentlyusedthedragonasasymboleitherintentionallyorerroneouslycouldberegardedasoffendingtheirrulerandcondemnedtodeath.TheSymbolicMeaningsofDragonsintheOccidentWesterndragonsareusuallyportrayedasevil,mean,andbloodthirsty.Theywerealsoknowntohavehugehoardsofgoldandjewelshiddenintheirlairs.ThemostfamousdragonsareportrayedasWestern-typedragons:STGeorgeandtheDragon,BeowulfandtheDragon,andDracointhemovieDragonHeart.SomestorieshavethewesterndragonastheDevilinChristianity.Otherstoriesinlegendsaythateatingadragons'heartwillgivetheconsumerthepowerofunderstandingbirds,eatingthedragons'tongueenablesthepersontowinanyargument,andrubbingthedragons'bloodonskinwillprotectagainststabwounds.AnothermythreferencesVladDrakultomeanSonoftheDragon,orDevil.TheendofthedragoncamewithChristianity,andknightsthatwereeagertoprovetheirfaith.Theknightsquicklydiscoveredthatdragonhuntingwasveryprofitable,andsoonmostthedragonsintheworldweredestroyedinaveryshorttime.Vikingshaddragonfigureheadsontheprowoftheirships.ThedragonsontheshipswerebelievedtoendowkeensiteandcunningtotheVikingwarriors.TodaytheWelshflagstillhasareddragononagreen/whitebackground,andthereddragonistheirnationalsymbol.TheEuropeandragon,derivedfromEuropeanfolktraditionsandultimatelyrelatedtoBalkansandWesternAsianmythologies.Mostaredepictedasreptiliancreatureswithanimal-levelintelligence,andareuniquelysix-limbed(fourlegsandaseparatesetofwings).mythsEuropeandragonsexistinfolkloreandmythologyamongtheoverlappingculturesofEurope.Dragonsaregenerallydepictedaslivinginriversorhavinganundergroundlairorcave.Theyarecommonlydescribedashavinghardorarmouredhide,andarerarelydescribedasflying,despiteoftenbeingdepictedwithwings.DuringtheSouthernandNorthernDynastiesPeriod(420-589),therewasaChinesepaintercalledZhangSengyao.Once,hevisitedatempleandpaintedfourdragonsonthewall,buthegavenoneofthemeyes.onlookersthoughtthisodd,andaskedwhyhehadn'tpaintedintheeyes.Heanswered:Eyesarecrucialfordragons.Withtheeyespaintedin,thedragonswouldflyaway.Nobodybelievedthis,soZhangSengyaotookuphisbrushandaddedeyestotwoofthedragons.Nosoonerhadhefinishedthanthetwodragonsflewintotheskyamidathunderstorm.Thetwowithouteyesremainedpaintingsonthewall.Thisidiomisusedtodescribehow,whenpainting,writingorspeaking,theadditionofjustoneortwokeybrushstrokes,sentences,wordsorphrasescouldenhancethecontent.ThefestivalsThewestdoesn’thavethefestivalconcerningthedragonbecausethedragonmeanstheevilWhiletherearemanyfestivalsaboutdragonsinChinatheDragonBoatFestival•ThedragonboatfestivaldescendsfromQuYuan•IthastherelationwiththeboatbecauseQuYuandiedintheriverandpeoplewanttolookforandsavehim•Later,peoplealwaysholdadragonboatracetocommemorateQuYuan•Everyoneknowstheshapeofboatisdragon•Itwascalled“thefestivalofdragon”byWenYiduo•Itisaformofritualprayerforblessing•DragonboatracingisthemostimportanteventoftheDragonBoatFestival•TheRoyaldragonboatswereveryluxuriousinancienttimesDragon-Head-RaisingFestival•Itisinthesec