M5U2-Language-points

Languagepoints(Reading)Module5Unit2高二英语1WithmeareMsLinShuiqing,fromtheGreenSociety,andMr.QianLiwei,abusinessdevelopmentconsultant.句子结构分析：本句为倒装句。主语是MrLinShuiqingandMrQianLiwei，句首的withme作表语；英语中，有些句子没有宾语且主语太长为了避免“头重脚轻”，常把表示场所、方向的副词或介词短语置于句首。即：地点状语+谓语+主语表语+系动词+主语Onthewallisablackboard2.openthefloorfordiscussion(L8)thefloor意为“发言权”askforthefloor要求发言权get/havethefloor得到发言权takethefloor发言，参加讨论InowinvitethePresidenttotakethefloor.现在请总统讲话。Sheheldthefloorforoveranhour.她发言占用了一个多小时。3.FirstIamtalkingtoyoutodayaboutthewayvastareasoftheworldaredamagedbychemicalwaste.此句中包含一个先行词为_________的定语从句。做先行词时，后面的引导词通常为_____________________________________.与way相关的短语：IfyouwanttogotoHongKong,youcangettherebywayofGuangzhou.假如要去香港的话，你可经过广州再到哪儿。Inaway,thesuggestionsyourfriendputforwardishardtocarryout.从某种意义上说，你朋友提出的建议很难实施。Preparationsforthefightagainsttheupcomingfloodsarewellunderway.为抵御即将到来的洪水，所有的准备工作正在扎实的进行中。Way(that/inwhich)Insteadofhelpingus,Ifoundthemjustinourway.Therefore,Iaskedthemtogetoutofourway.非但没有帮助我们，我发现他们碍手碍脚的，因此我请他们不要妨碍我们。Bytheway,couldyoutellmehowIcanhavemyselfunderstoodbythosewhoaredeafanddumb?顺便问一句，你能告诉我怎样才能是这些聋哑人理解我说的话呢？4.destroydamage1destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏”、“毁坏”，程度较深。例如：Theforestwasdestroyedbyfire.2ruin强调毁灭的彻底性。但这种破坏不指毁灭某物，而是指长期损坏的结果。它也可用来表示抽象概念。例如：Heknockedoverabottleofinkandruinedthetablecloth.3damage常指人的名声、威信或物品的外观、价值、用途等受到损坏失去或降低使用价值。例如：Thecarwasonlyslightlydamagedintheaccident.Herheartwasslightly________asaresultofherlongillness．Thattownwas___________inabigfire.Mynewcoatis____________．Theheavyrain__________allhopeofapicnic.Smokinghas____________hishealthbadly．Therainwill_______thecrops．damageddestroyedruineddestroyeddamagedruinKilling是现在分词做_______，表______.现在分词作结果状语与不定式做结果状语的区别：不定时做结果状语时，表示其动作发生在谓语动词之后，往往表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的。现在分词作结果状语是，表示伴随谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果（同时发生），谓语动词与现在分词是因果关系。5.Othertypesofwasteflowintoour,killingriverandsealife.状语结果高考频点：Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairproject,only____thefilmstarshadleft.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingDtoldEuropeanfootballisplayedin80countries,___itthemostpopularsportintheworld.A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake6.largenumbersof(L16)•只用于修饰可数名词的表示“很多”：Many(ofthe)agreatmany(ofthe)Abig/large/greatnumberofbig/large/greatnumbersofManya+单数可数名词•只用于修饰不可数名词的表示“很多”：Much(ofthe)Agreat/gooddealofAgreat/goodamountofLargeamountsof+不可数名词+复数动词•既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词的“许多”：Alotoflotsofplentyof单句改错1.Agreatmanyofthebookshasbeenpublishedthisyear.2.Manyabookhavecomeoutbynow.3.Agreatnumberofmoneywasspentonthebridge.4.Therearealoteggsinthebasket.5.Amountsoffoodwasonthetable.Has---haveHave---hasNumber---amountLot后加ofWas---were7.layeggs(L17)layeggs下蛋，产卵Aturtlelaysmanyeggsatatime.海龟一次下许多蛋。Tokillthegoosethatlaysthegoldeneggs.杀鸡取卵;自绝财源。8.Populationpopulation人口ThepopulationofChinaismuchlargerthanthatofJapan.About30percentofthepopulationinthevillagehavebeenstruckbytheillness.整个村庄约30%的人口受到这种病的侵袭。注意：对population进行提问时，常用what或howlarge。What/HowlargeisthepopulationofJapan?此外，population还可当作复数用，意为“(某一地区的)全体居民”。Mostoftheworld’spopulationdon’tgetenoughtoeat.世界上大多数人多吃不饱。8.growntogrowto“增加到”。类似的还有increaseto,riseto,climbto如：Thenumberofstudentsatthecollegehasgrowntoover5,000.这所学院的学生数已经增长到5,000人。Thepricehasincreasedtoanunbelievablenumber.growby“净增了，以…比率增长”，类似的表达increaseby,riseby等。那个国家今年的新车销售量增加了百分之二十。Salesofnewcarsinthatcountrygrewby20percentthisyear.此处by说明事物变化或发展的幅度，常与百分数或倍数连用。表示倍数的用法：Times+形容词（副词）比较级+thanTimes+as+形容词（副词）原级+as…Times+thesize(height,length,weight,width等名词+of他们的公寓是我们的四倍大。•Theirapartmentisfourtimeslargerthanours.•Theirapartmentisfourtimesaslargeasours.•Theirapartmentisfourtimesthesizeofours.8.Theworld’spopulationhasgrownbysixtimeswhatitwasin1800(1)整数+times+比较级+than…Theboxisfivetimesbiggerthanthatone.LineABisthreetimeslongerthanlineCD.(2)整数+times+as+原级+as…AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.Thistableisthreetimesaslongasthatone.(3)整数+times+asmany(或much)+名词+as…”Hehasgotthreetimesasmanybooksashissister.(4)整数+times+more+名词+than…Heearnsfivetimesmoremoneythanhedidtenyearsago.(5)整数+times+名词(thesize/widthof)Theearthis49timesthesizeofthemoon.(6)整数+times+thatof+被比较对象InthisworkshoptheoutputofJulywas3.5timesthatofJanuary.(7)整数+times+what引到的从句Thepriceofthemeatistwicewhatitwaslastyear.Johnofferedmesixtimesthemoneythatsheoffered.=Johnofferedmesixtimeswhatsheoffered.Thisshipmeasures________thatone.A.astwiceaslongB.twiceaslongasC.twicelongasD.astwicelongasAmericanseat________vegetablesperpersontodayastheydidin1910.A.morethantwiceB.astwiceasmanyC.twiceasmanyasD.morethantwiceasmanyPaperproducedeveryyearis_____theworld'sproductionofvehicles.(1998上海)A.thethreeweightofB.threetimestheweightofC.asthreetimesheavyasD.threetimesasheavieras9.cutbackon(L22)cutbackon“削减,缩减”,相当于cutdownonTrytocutbackonfoodscontainingtoomuchfatandsugar.这项大工程完成以后,建筑商削减了工人的数量。Afterthebigjobwasfinished,thebuildercutbackonthenumberofmenworkingforhim.cutacrosscutawaycutincutoffcutdowncutup与cut相关的短语走捷径切除,剪掉插进来说,插嘴,干预切断,停掉削减,砍倒切碎concern(vt.)与……有关；对……有影响；引起……的兴趣（关心）。如：Thisletterdoesnotconcernyou.这封信与你无关。Theresultconcernseverybody.这结果关系着每一个人。Theprincess’marriageconcernsa