HistoryandAnthologyofBritishLiteratureToday’sSchedule•IntroductionWhydowestudyBritishliterature?Whatisliterature?Whatarewegoingtoknowinthiscourse?•Unit1:TheAnglo-SaxonPeriodWhystudyliterature?•Itimprovesyourlanguageproficiency.•ItenrichesyourknowledgeabouttheEnglishculture.•Ithelpsyouexplorethenatureofhumanbeings.Itgivesyouspiritualandpsychologicalrelief.1.1Natureofliterature1IntroductiontoliteratureWhatisliterature?Therehavebeenvariousattemptstodefineliterature.Manybookshavebeenwrittenaboutintroductiontoliterature,andtherehavebeenmanyanswerstothequestionwhatisliterature.WhatisLiterature?Literaturereferstothepracticeandprofessionofwriting.Itcomesfromhumaninterestintellingastory,inarrangingwordsinartisticforms,indescribinginwordssomeaspectsofhumanexperiences.Literatureshowsusnotonlywhatasocietyislikeinacertainage,butalsowhatindividualsfeelaboutit,whattheyhopefromit,andhowtheycanchangeitorescapefromit.→Inthewidestsenseliteratureisjustaboutanythingwritten.→Butinthemorespecializedsenseoftheword,literatureistheartthatuseslanguageasamedium.•AsRobertFrostsays,literatureisaperformanceinwords.Itistheworkofmenwhoarespeciallysensitivetothelanguageoftheirtimeandwhousetheskilloflanguagetomaketheirvisionoflife.WhatisLiterature?Literatureis–Writingsthatarevaluedasworksofart,esp.fiction,dramaandpoetry–Compositionthattellsastory,dramatizesasituation,expressesemotions,analyzesandadvocatesideas–Helpsusgrowpersonallyandintellectually–Providesanobjectivebaseforknowledgeandunderstanding–Shapesourgoalsandvaluesbyclarifyingourownidentities,bothpositivelyandnegatively–Literaturemakesushuman.1.2Functionandsignificanceofliteraturea.ReadingforpleasureHowellsobservedthatthestudyofliteratureshouldbeginandendinpleasure.b.ReadingforrelaxationModernlifeisfullofpressure.Itispeople’scommondesiretoseektemporallyrelaxationfromthestressinlife.c.ReadingtoacquireknowledgeLiteraturegivesreadersaninsightintothetradition,custom,beliefs,attitudes,folklore,valuesoftheageinwhichitiswritten.LiterarygenresFiction(narrativefiction叙述虚构):novel,novella中篇小说,shortstory,myth,parable寓言,romance,epic史诗Poetryimages,sound,figurativelanguageDramaPoeticform→dailylanguageNonfiction非小说类散文文学prose散文:newsreport,featurearticles,text-books,historicalandbiographicalworksCategoriesofFiction-Typesofprosefiction:•Flashfiction(小小说):Aworkoffewerthan2,000words.(1,000bysomedefinitions)(around5pages)•Shortstory(短篇小说):Aworkofatleast2,000wordsbutunder7,500words.(5-25pages)•Novelette(中篇小说):Aworkofatleast7,500wordsbutunder17,500words.(25-60pages)•Novella(中篇小说):Aworkofatleast17,500wordsbutunder50,000words.(60-170pages)•Novel(长篇小说):Aworkof50,000wordsormore.(about170+pages)•Epic(史诗):Aworkof200,000wordsormore.(about680+pages)Whatarewegoingtolearninthiscourse?•Syllabusforthiscourseseethecontentsofthetextbook一、课程性质与任务•该门课程在英语专业人才培养中旨在使学生从英国历史、语言、文化发展的角度,掌握英国文学各个时期的主要文学、文化思潮,文学流派,主要作家及其代表作,同时帮助学生对英国文学的发展有深刻的了解和认识,并通过介绍一些最基本的文化理论和批评方法,对部分在思想上艺术上有代表性,有影响的作家及作品进行分析、导读,增强学生对英国文学的形成和发展的理解,提高他们对文学作品的鉴赏能力和文学修养。二、课程的基本要求•1.课程的要求:学完本课程,学生应该掌握如下能力:•①对于英国文学史有整体性的把握;•②掌握分析和鉴赏文学作品的能力;•③独立完成千字左右的文学作品评析的英文论文;•④掌握文学概念和相关文学流派的专业知识。•2.质量标准:检验学生是否了解、认识英国文学各个时期的主要文化、文学流派、主要作家及其代表作品,了解英国文学的发展历史,并能够用最基本的文化理论和批评方法,理解、分析文学作品,提高文学鉴赏力、语言表达能力,提高文学修养。三、教材与教学参考书•1.教材:•吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》1988年外语教学与研究出版社•2.教学参考书:•(1)陈嘉,《英国文学史》,1986年商务印书馆•(2)刘炳善,《英国文学史》,2004年河南人民出版社•(3)张鑫友,《英国文学史及选读学习指南》2002年湖北科学技术出版社四、课程考核方式•1.本课程为各学期的考试课,采取闭卷笔试方式进行。它的总成绩评定包括平时成绩,其中包括出勤,课堂表现,课后作业(30%)及期末测试(70%)。•2.期末考核:考试要考察以下方面:•(1)识记:学生应该掌握一定的文学常识,包括流派、思潮、作家作品,要求学生能够识别有代表性的选文出处及作者。•(2)领会:学生能根据所学的文学基本常识对特定选文的语言特点进行初步分析。•(3)简单应用:学生应能够在对特定作家的时代有所了解的情况下,分析作品内容所传达的思想理念等;•(4)综合应用:要求学生能综合多方面的文学常识和概念等知识,结合具体的文本,参考前人的研究成果对作家作品提出初步的个人见解,能用英语表述观点,并写出简单的论文。•3.期末试题题型:选择题(作家、作品连线,10%);填空题(10%);判断正误(10%)文学名词解释(20%)判断作品片段出处并回答相关问题(20%);问答题(30%)。五、教学的重点、难点•1.文艺复兴时期:莎士比亚•2.十七世纪:多恩、弥尔顿•3.十八世纪:笛福、斯威福特、布莱克、彭斯•4.浪漫主义时期:华兹华斯、拜伦、雪莱、济慈•5.十九世纪:狄更斯、简·奥斯汀、勃朗特姐妹、丁尼生•6.二十世纪:哈代、王尔德、劳伦斯、乔伊斯AnOutlineofEnglishLiterature•I.OldEnglish,orAnglo—Saxon,Era(450-1066)•II.MiddleEnglishPeriod(1066-1485)•III.TheRenaissancePeriod(1485-early17thcentury)•IV.The17thCentury•V.The18thCentury•VI.TheRomanticAge(1789-1837)•VII.VictorianAge(1837-1901)•VIII.20thCenturyLiteratureTimelineofBritishliterature1.Tribal部落的,种族的societyoftheCelts凯尔特人→theRomanconquest→Anglo-Saxons盎格鲁撒克逊人→theNorman诺曼底人Conquest(theoldandMedieval中世纪的period)→2.mid-15thtoearly17thc.(theRenaissance)→TimelineofBritishliterature3.17thcentury;18thcentury(theNeoclassicalperiod新古典主义时期,Enlightenment,theriseofnovel)→4.19thcentury(Romanticism浪漫主义,Victorianage,Realism)→5.20thcentury(Naturalism自然主义,Modernism,Post-modernism)OutlineofHistoryofEnglishliterature44914851660179818321901TheMiddleAgesTheRenaissanceTheNeoclassicismTheRomanticismTheVictorianAgeThe20thCentury1.DoyouknowanyEnglishwriters?2.Whatwasthefirstforeignnovelyouread?Orwhatwasthemostimpressivenovel?Why?pairwork