骨科查体英文(课堂PPT)

examnationoforthopedicsvideo2order：nvisualexaminationnpalpationnpercussndynamicdiagnosisnspecialtest;体格检查3principlesofPhysicalexaminationFullexposureBilateralcontrastuninjuredsidefirst,uninjuredsidesecondActivefirst,passivesecondcomprehensive、repeatedly、soft4visualexaminationgaitandgestureThereisnoskinredness,cyanosis,pigmentationorvenousengorgementSofttissueswellingandmassMusclecontractionormusclefiberfibrillationScar,wound,sinussecretions,anditspropertiesWoundshapeanddepth,thereisnoforeignbodyresidualandactivebleedingabnormalities,suchasscoliosis,limbshorteningandsoon.567palpationtenderness：position、depth、scope、levelandqualityabnormalactivityandbonerubfeeling,playringLocaltemperatureandsensation,bilateralcontrast8percussionpercussionpainpercussionpainofLimbaxialIndirectspinalpainTinel9dynamicdiagnosisChecktherangeofmotionofthejointandthecontractionofthemuscle.activemovementpassiveexercise10量诊LimblengthmeasurementMeasurementoflimbcircumferenceactivemovement;freeexercise11Threeplanesofhumanjointmotion12关节测量方法中立位零度法13RelatednervoussystemexaminationMusclevolume,muscletension,musclestrength,ataxiaMusclestrengthratingcriteria0：Musclestrengthcompletelydisappeared,nomusclecontractionI：Mildmusclecontraction,jointscannotbeactiveII：Musclecontraction,jointmovement,butnotagainstthegravityofthebodyIII：Canresistthegravityofthebodytomakejointactivities,butcannotresisttheresistanceIV：Resistancetoexternalresistance,butweakmusclestrengthV：Normalmusclestrength14upperlimbjointShoulderjointexaminationElbowjointinspectionWristandhand15ShoulderjointexaminationVisualexaminationwingedscapula：costoscapularisparalysationSquareshoulderdeformity16ShoulderjointexaminationpalpationEmptinessoftheshoulderDugas征17Specialinspection杜加斯(Dugas)征:Whenaormalpersonputhis/herhandsonthesideoftheshoulder，his/herelbowcanbeattachedtothechest,withtheshoulderhasanteriordislocation,whenweputthehandofinjuredsidetotheoppsiteshoulder,theelbowcannotbeattachedtothechest.ThisisapositivesignofDugas.video18ElbowjointinspectionVisualexaminationposteriorcubitaltriangle19肘关节检查视诊20肘关节检查网球肘肱骨外上髁炎21肘关节检查Millssign:whenextenttheelbow，flexthewrist,pronatetheforearm，ifthereispainontheexternalcondyleofhumerus,thereispositivesignofMillsvideo22WristandhandwristdropapehandClawhand23杵状指(acropachy)respiratorydiseaseheartdiseaseNutritionaldisorders24匙状甲(koilonych)iron-deficiencyanemia;Highaltitudediseaserheumaticfever25wristandhand26crushingtestofwristtriangularcartilageWristjointinneutralposition,Andthenmakethewristjointpassivetotheulnardeviationandlongitudinalextrusion,Ifthereispaininthelowerulnarjoint,itshowsthepositivesigninjuryoftriangularfibrocartilaginousdisc、fractureofprocessusstyloideusulnaevideo27JointoflowerextremityJointoflowerextremityKneejointexaminationExaminationofanklejointandfoot28AnatomyofhipjointMaximumweightbearingjointofhumanbodyvideo29Jointmotiondegreeexamination30髋关节正常活动度31髋关节正常活动度32Anatomyofkneejoint前交叉韧带后交叉韧带半月板韧带半月板胫骨髌骨股骨33膝关节正常活动度34KneejointforcelineexamnationUndernormalcircumstancesthekneecanbetogetherNormaldoubleankledistanceThekneecannotbetogetherTheanklejointdistanceistoolargebowlegcross-knee4-6cm35KneejointforcelineInthekneewithmedialpain,thekneeisaccompaniedbylateralpain,suggestingthatthemedialorlateraltibialfemoraljointisosteoarthritisoftheknee.Thepainofthekneejointoutsidethekneejointisoftenindicatedbytheinjuryofthelateralmeniscusofthekneejointandviceversa.Severekneejointforcelineabnormalitiesunderarthroscopicdebridementandcartilagetreatmentcanrelievepain,butthemaintreatmentishightibialosteotomy36Patellarelatedexamination浮髌试验(floatingpatellatest)Checkthejointeffusion,generallymoderateeffusion(50ml),floatingpatellatestwaspositive。video37Examinationofanklejointandfoot38Examinationofanklejointandfootvideo1video239summary