基于多传感器信息融合的移动机器人定位技术研究

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SCIENCE&TECHNOLOGYINFORMATION2008341.,,。“”。、,,。2.,,,,、。,,。,、,,。1。3.[1]。:、,。122,(xn,yn,θn)。xn、yn,θn。Δl,,(3.1)。:Δl,Δtiωt,,。xn=ni=0Σcosθi·Δlyn=ni=0Σsinθi·Δlθn=ni=0Σωi·ΔtiΣΣΣΣΣΣΣΣΣΣΣΣΣΣΣΣΣ(3-1),(3.1)。,,,。4.,[2],,。3。34.1(1)Xk,:Xk=[xn,vx,ax,yn,vy,ay]T(4-1),(xn,yn);(vx,vy)xy;(ax,ay)xy,。CA[3]:x·x··x·····················=01000100000xx·x··00+00001w(t)(4-2)(211167)【】,。,、。。【】;;;StudyofLocalizationforMobileRobotbasedMulti-sensorInformationFusionGuXinyan(DepartmentofVehicleEngineering,NanjingInstituteofTechnology,Nanjing,jiangsu,211167)【Abstract】Localizationisthekeyproblemandthepreconditionoffinishingtasksforthemobilerobot.TheExtendedKalmanFilterisdesignedtofusetheinformationofthemilemeter,gyroscopeandcompasstoimproveprecisionoflocalizationofthemobilerobot.Thesimulationshowsthefiltercanimprovethecapacityofthelocalizationforthemobilerobot.【Keywords】mobilerobot;localization;multi-sensorinformationfusion;extendedkalmanfilter○○101SCIENCE&TECHNOLOGYINFORMATION200834x,x·,x··、。w(t)。:X·k=AkXk+Wk(4-3)Ak=010000001000000000000100000010000000000000000000000000000000000000WkQ。T,,:Xk+1=Φk+1/kXk+Wk(4-4)Xk=[xn,vx,ax,yn,vy,ay]TΦk+1/k=1TT2200001T0000010000001TT2200001T000001000000000000000000000000000000000000(4-4)。(2)、。。(1),:l=n·Δl+λ(4-5):Δl=πD6,D。:l=Tv2x+v2y姨+λ(4-6),λ,(0,σ2λ)。(2)HoneywellHMR3000,,±0.5°。:θ=θr+γ(4-7):θ;θr;γ,(0,σ2γ)。:θ=arctanvxvy+γ(4-8)(3)HZ1-90-100A,,:ωg=ωr+η(4-9):ωg;ωr;η。:η(t)=ηb(t)+ηr(t)+ηk(t)(4-10):ηb(t),ηb(t)=0;ηr(t),3~9deg/h,ηk(t),(0,σ2η)。:ωg=θT=arctanvxvyT+η(4-11):Zk=lθωg姨姨=Tv2x+v2y姨arctanvxvyarctanvxvyT0000000000000000000000000000000000+λγ姨姨η(4-12),:Zk=H[Xk]+Vk(4-13):Zk=[lkθkωk]TH[Xk]=Tv2x+v2y姨arctanvxvyarctanvxvyT0000000000000000000000000000000000,Vk=λkγkηkk姨,,H[Xk]X∧k/k-1,,:Zk=H[X∧k/k-1]+Hk[Xk-X∧k/k-1]+Vk(4-14):Zk=HkXk+Vk+H[X∧k/k-1]-HkX∧k/k-1(4-15):Hk=坠H[Xk]坠XkXk=X∧k/k-1=0h100h200h300h400h500h6姨姨0:h1=Tv∧x(k/k-1)v∧2x(k/k-1)+v∧2y(k/k-1)姨,h2=Tv∧y(k/k-1)v∧2x(k/k-1)+v∧2y(k/k-1)姨,h3=v∧y(k/k-1)v∧2x(k/k-1)+v∧2y(k/k-1)姨h4=v∧x(k/k-1)v∧2x(k/k-1)+v∧2y(k/k-1),h5=1Tv∧y(k/k-1)v∧2x(k/k-1)+v∧2y(k/k-1),h6=1Tv∧x(k/k-1)v∧2x(k/k-1)+v∧2y(k/k-1)(4-15)。(3):X∧k+1/k=X∧k+1/k+Kk(Zk-H[X∧k+1/k])X∧k+1/k=Φk+1/kX∧k/kKk=Pk+1/kHTK(HkPk+1/kHTK+R)-1Pk+1/k=Φk+1/kPk/kΦTk+1/k+QPk/k=(I-KkHk)Pk/k-1∧∧∧∧∧∧∧∧∧∧∧∧∧∧∧∧∧∧∧(4-16):P—;K—;R=E[Vk,VTk];Q=E[Vk,WTk]。5.,,。:,。4,,。:,,5。,。○○102SCIENCE&TECHNOLOGYINFORMATION200834(128)RX=R01000,。,Rx,,。,。,,65dBm,-25dBm“”。、,、,,。【】[1]《》....1991.[2]《》......1996.[3]《》....1997.:,1998,,。:41。[:]●45,,,。,GPS,GPS,GPS,。【】[1].[D]:[].:,2005.[2],,.[J].,2000,13(3),248-253.[3].[M].:,1991.8.[4],.[J].,2005.4.[5].[D]:[].:,2002.:(1977—),,,,,。[:]●○○103

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