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1/272012年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试WhydokidshateBrusselssprouts(芽甘苦)?BecauseBrusselssproutsarebitter，andkidsgenerallydon'tlikebittertastes.Butit'snottheir_61_.Researcherssaythatadislikeforbitterandsourisasurvivalinstinct，sincemosttoxicsubstances_62_thatwaytoo.Ontheotherhand，sweetnesstypicallyindicatesthatsomethingis_63_toeat,sochildrenarebornwitha_64_forsweets.Whatweliketoeatchangesovertime.Asweage,werealizethat_65_somethingtastesbitterorsour，itwon'tkillus，andwelearnto_66_it.Whenwe'reolder，we_67_someofoursmellsensitivity.Humansneedsmelltoexperienceflavor,whichisdifferentfromtaste.Withoursensesdiminished，we'llprobablybegin_68_sugarandsalttoourfood，toheightentheflavor._69_,there'satheorythatthereasonmanyespeciallybig—tastingwinesinrecentyearshavewonawardsisthatwinecriticsaregettingolderandfindingsubtleflavors_70_tosense.Ifsomeoneis_71_todetectflavorsatall，hemayhaveataste_72_，whichcanbecausedbyatongueinjuryorbraindamage.Oritcouldbeaproblemwith_73_.Thechannelthatseparatesthemouthfromthenoseallowsustosmellbehindournoseandis_74_enjoyingmostcomplexflavors.That'swhyfoodseems_75_whenwehaveastuffynose-exceptchickennoodlesoup.It'ssosalty.61.A.faultB.choiceC.habitD.regret62.A.feelB.lookC.soundD.taste63.A.strangeB.necessaryC.safeD.ready64.A.capacityB.preferenceC.awarenessD.consideration65.A.nowthatB.incaseC.ifonlyD.eventhough66.A.enjoyB.improveC.treatD.alter67.A.formB.loseC.reduceD.gain68.A.puttingB.balancingC.addingD.limiting69.A.InessenceB.InconclusionC.InfactD.Inshort70.A.softerB.nicerC.worseD.harder71.A.unlikelyB.unableC.impossibleD.improbable72.A.B.symptomC.therapyD.illusion2/27disorder73.A.moodB.tasteC.flavorD.smell74.A.subjecttoB.liabletoC.crucialforD.beneficialfor75.A.deliciousB.flavorlessC.bitterD.smelly61.A解读：根据句意，但这并不是他们的错，故答案选A。62.D解读：根据句意，研究员说不喜欢酸和苦是一种生存本能，因为大多数有毒物质尝起来都是这个味。。答案应选D。63.C解读：根据上下文，一方面，孩子们认为，有毒的东西又酸又苦；另一方面，安全的东西很甜。故答案选C。64.B解读：capacity,能力；preferencefor对......偏爱；awareness，意识；consideration,考虑。根据句意，答案选B。65.D解读：nowthat，既然；incase，以防；ifonly,只要；eventhough,尽管。根据句意，尽管有些东西尝起来酸或苦，但对我们并不构成威胁。存在转折关系，故选D。66.A解读：Enjoy，享受；improve,改善；treat,对待；alter，改变。根据句意，我们开始学习享受它，故选A。67.B解读：Form，形成；lose，失去；reduce，减少。gain,获得。根据句意，失去嗅觉，故选B。68.C解读：add......to......把......加入到......根据句意，往我们的食物里加糖和盐，故答案选C。69.C解读：inessence，本质上；inconclusion，总之；infact,事实上；inshort,简而言之。根据句意，事实上，有理论表明......故答案选C。70.D解读：根据句意，很难发现微妙的风味，故答案选D。71.B解读：由whichcanbecausedbyatongueinjuryorbraindamage可能由舌损伤或脑损伤引可知是不能够察觉任何气味，故答案选B。72.A解读：tastedisorder味觉障碍，故选A。73.D3/27解读：根据句意，或许也可能是嗅觉的问题，故答案选D。74.C解读：subjectto使服从；crucialfor，对…起决定作用的；beneficialfor，对......有益的。根据下文，这个通道起决定作用，故答案选C。75.B解读：根据句意，食物没有味道，故答案选B。2011年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试Zooshavebecomeanimportantsiteforthepreservationandprotectionofwildliferesources,__61__thosespeciesthatareendangered.__62__,manyzoosdisplayedliveanimalsforpublicentertainment.Presentlysomezooshavebecomescientificandeducational__63__thathavecontributedtotheunderstandingandconservationofwildanimalpopulations.__64__thechallengesfacingmodernzoosarethecostofupgradingoldfacilities,thestruggletoobtain__65__operatingfunds,andtheneedtoattractmorevisitorstonewandentertainingexhibits.Many__66__zoosinAmericancitieshaveundergonerenovation(翻新)duringthelastdecadesofthetwentiethcentury.Amongtherecenttrendsinzoo__67__istheconstructionofnewenclosuresthatresemblenaturalhabitats(栖息地).Thereplacementoftraditionalsteelbarsandconcretefloors__68__appropriatelydesignedsurroundingsimprovesvisitorappreciationoftheanimals.Suchrenovationsmay__69__stressonanimalsandallowthemtointeractwithoneanothermorenaturally.Severalmajorzoosconductcaptivepropagationprograms.Acaptivepropagationprogramincludesthebreedingof__70__zooorwildanimalstoobtainoffspring,usuallyforreleaseto__71__orfortransfertootherzoos.Captivebreedingisonemethodof__72__somespeciesfromextinction.Zooshaveexpandedandimprovedpubliceducationprogramsalso,witheducationdepartmentsthatdevelopprograms__73__zooexhibits.Publicactivitiesincludein-schoolprograms,zootours,specialevents,andwebsites.TheZoologicalSocietyofNewYork,forexample,conductedamajorprojectwithaWesternAfricangovernmenttomonitoranelephantherd__74__itmovedthroughoutitsrange.Theimportanceofzooswillincreaseasnaturalhabitatsarediminishing.Throughtheirefforts__75__conservation,education,andenvironmentaladvocacy,zooswillcontinuetoplayacriticalroleinwildlifepreservationthroughouttheworld.61.A.superficiallyB.especiallyC.importantlyD.supposedly62.A.BythattimeB.BythetimeC.AtonetimeD.Atthattime63.A.institutionsB.associationsC.foundationsD.corporations64.A.AlongB.TowardC.AmongD.Through65.A.limitedB.professionalC.sufficientD.excessive66.A.newerB.olderC.formerD.later4/2767.A.managementB.improvementC.achievementD.assessment68.A.underB.forC.intoD.with69.A.reduceB.causeC.increaseD.avoid70.A.selectedB.sustainedC.promisingD.surviving71.A.naturalB.thenaturalC.wildD.thewild72.A.restrainingB.savingC.shelteringD.exempting73.A.attributedtoB.opposedtoC.referredtoD.relatedto74.A.asB.asifC.soD.sothat75.A.insearchofB.inhonorofC.insupportofD.inchargeof61.B解读：especially，特别地。本题指“特别”是那些濒危物种。6