MMSE英文原版(含详细注释)

1Mini-MentalStateExamination(MMSE)Patient’sName:Date:Instructions:Askthequestionsintheorderlisted.Scoreonepointforeachcorrectresponsewithineachquestionoractivity.MaximumScorePatient’sScoreQuestions5“Whatistheyear?Season?Date?Dayoftheweek?Month?”5“Wherearewenow:State?County?Town/city?Hospital?Floor?”3Theexaminernamesthreeunrelatedobjectsclearlyandslowly,thenasksthepatienttonameallthreeofthem.Thepatient’sresponseisusedforscoring.Theexaminerrepeatsthemuntilpatientlearnsallofthem,ifpossible.Numberoftrials:___________5“Iwouldlikeyoutocountbackwardfrom100bysevens.”(93,86,79,72,65,…)Stopafterfiveanswers.Alternative:“SpellWORLDbackwards.”(D-L-R-O-W)3“EarlierItoldyouthenamesofthreethings.Canyoutellmewhatthosewere?”2Showthepatienttwosimpleobjects,suchasawristwatchandapencil,andaskthepatienttonamethem.1“Repeatthephrase:‘Noifs,ands,orbuts.’”3“Takethepaperinyourrighthand,folditinhalf,andputitonthefloor.”(Theexaminergivesthepatientapieceofblankpaper.)1“Pleasereadthisanddowhatitsays.”(Writteninstructionis“Closeyoureyes.”)1“Makeupandwriteasentenceaboutanything.”(Thissentencemustcontainanounandaverb.)1“Pleasecopythispicture.”(Theexaminergivesthepatientablankpieceofpaperandaskshim/hertodrawthesymbolbelow.All10anglesmustbepresentandtwomustintersect.)30TOTAL(AdaptedfromRovner&Folstein,1987)Source:(10points):•Askforthedate.Thenspecificallyaskforpartsomitted(e.g.,Canyoualsotellmewhatseasonitis?).Onepointforeachcorrectanswer.•Askinturn,Canyoutellmethenameofthishospital(town,county,etc.)?Onepointforeachcorrectanswer.Registration(3points):•Saythenamesofthreeunrelatedobjectsclearlyandslowly,allowingapproximatelyonesecondforeach.Afteryouhavesaidallthree,askthepatienttorepeatthem.Thenumberofobjectsthepatientnamescorrectlyuponthefirstrepetitiondeterminesthescore(0-3).Ifthepatientdoesnotrepeatallthreeobjectsthefirsttime,continuesayingthenamesuntilthepatientisabletorepeatallthreeitems,uptosixtrials.Recordthenumberoftrialsittakesforthepatienttolearnthewords.Ifthepatientdoesnoteventuallylearnallthree,recallcannotbemeaningfullytested.•Aftercompletingthistask,tellthepatient,Trytorememberthewords,asIwillaskfortheminalittlewhile.AttentionandCalculation(5points):•Askthepatienttobeginwith100andcountbackwardbysevens.Stopafterfivesubtractions(93,86,79,72,65).Scorethetotalnumberofcorrectanswers.•Ifthepatientcannotorwillnotperformthesubtractiontask,askthepatienttospellthewordworldbackwards.Thescoreisthenumberoflettersincorrectorder(e.g.,dlrow=5,dlorw=3).Recall(3points):•Askthepatientifheorshecanrecallthethreewordsyoupreviouslyaskedhimorhertoremember.Scorethetotalnumberofcorrectanswers(0-3).LanguageandPraxis(9points):•Naming:Showthepatientawristwatchandaskthepatientwhatitis.Repeatwithapencil.Scoreonepointforeachcorrectnaming(0-2).•Repetition:Askthepatienttorepeatthesentenceafteryou(Noifs,ands,orbuts.).Allowonlyonetrial.Score0or1.•3-StageCommand:Givethepatientapieceofblankpaperandsay,Takethispaperinyourrighthand,folditinhalf,andputitonthefloor.Scoreonepointforeachpartofthecommandcorrectlyexecuted.•Reading:Onablankpieceofpaperprintthesentence,Closeyoureyes,inletterslargeenoughforthepatienttoseeclearly.Askthepatienttoreadthesentenceanddowhatitsays.Scoreonepointonlyifthepatientactuallycloseshisorhereyes.Thisisnotatestofmemory,soyoumaypromptthepatienttodowhatitsaysafterthepatientreadsthesentence.•Writing:Givethepatientablankpieceofpaperandaskhimorhertowriteasentenceforyou.Donotdictateasentence;itshouldbewrittenspontaneously.Thesentencemustcontainasubjectandaverbandmakesense.Correctgrammarandpunctuationarenotnecessary.•Copying:Showthepatientthepictureoftwointersectingpentagonsandaskthepatienttocopythefigureexactlyasitis.Alltenanglesmustbepresentandtwomustintersecttoscoreonepoint.Ignoretremorandrotation.(Folstein,Folstein&McHugh,1975)Source::•CrumRM,AnthonyJC,BassettSS,FolsteinMF.Population-basednormsforthemini-mentalstateexaminationbyageandeducationallevel.JAMA.1993;269(18):2386-2391.•FolsteinMF,FolsteinSE,McHughPR.Mini-mentalstate:apracticalmethodforgradingthecognitivestateofpatientsfortheclinician.JPsychiatrRes.1975;12:189-198.•RovnerBW,FolsteinMF.Mini-mentalstateexaminclinicalpractice.HospPract.1987;22(1A):99,103,106,110.•TombaughTN,McIntyreNJ.Themini-mentalstateexamination:acomprehensivereview.JAmGeriatrSoc.1992;40(9):922-935.Source: