宾语从句

宾语从句一定义：宾语从句就是在复合句中作主句的宾语的从句。句型：主句+连词+宾语从句eg⑴Ihope(that)you’llhaveagoodholiday.⑵Showmewhatyouhavewritten.⑶Couldyoutellmeif/whetheritsnowsinwinterinChina?二宾语从句的引导词：词类在句中的功能举例中文释义that在句中不担任成分，可省；if/whether不担任成分，不可省that一般不译从属连词If是否whether是否出在句中起连接作用外，还可担任成分，做主语、宾语、定语who谁（主格）whom谁（宾格0链接代词whose谁的（所有格）what什么，所…的which哪个出在句中起连接作用外，还可担任成分，作状语when什么时候where什么地方链接副词how怎样，如何why为…的原因，之所以…eg⑴Hesaidwhenhewouldcome.⑵Idon’tknowwhosedictionaryitis.⑶Canyoutellmewherethepostofficeis?三宾语从句的语序•㈠陈述句变宾语从句•公式：⑴用连词that引导宾语从句，可省•⑵从句语序不变，仍是陈述语序•⑶可以用形式宾语it表示•eg⑴Heisanhonestman.——Isaidheisanhonestman.•⑵We’llwin.——Ibelievewe’llwin.•⑶Heisfeelingill.——Mikesaid(that)hewasfeelingill.•⑷Ithinkitquiterightthatallthepeopleshouldobeythelaws.•⑸HemadeitquiteclearlythathepreferredtostudyEnglish.㈡一般疑问句变宾语从句公式：⑴用if/whether链接宾语从句，当是否讲⑵从句语序要变为陈述语序⑶从句时态与主句保持一致eg⑴Dosehestudyhard?——Iwonderif/whetherhestudieshard.⑵Doseshelivehere?——Heaskedmeif/whethershelivedhere.⑶Willtheywin?——Iaskedif/whethertheywillwin.⑷DidhestudyEnglish2yearsago?•——-Mymotheraskedhimif/whetherhehadstudiedEnglish2yearsbefore•注：⑴if和whether一般可以互换，但whether可以跟ornot一起用;if不可•eg⑴Willthemoviestarcome?•——Idon’tknowif/whetherthemoviestarwillcome.•=Idon‘tknowwhetherthemoviestarwillcomeornot.•⑵.Doeshestudyhard?•——Iwonderwhetherhestudieshardonot.•⑵常见的能够接if/whether所引导宾语从句的词•动词：wonderknowasktell等•形容词：surehappygladcertainpleasedafraid等•㈢特殊疑问句便宾语从句•公式：⑴保留原来的疑问词（词形不变，但语法功能变了）•⑵从句的语序要变为陈述句语序•⑶从句的时态与主句保持一致•eg⑴Whatdoeshelike?——Iwonderwhathekikes•⑵Whydidhechoosethatone?——Sheaskedmewhyhehadchosenthatone•⑶Whendidheleave?——Iknowwhenheleft•⑷Whywon’tyouspendtheholidaywithyouparents?•——ShewantstoknowwhyIwon’tspendtheholidaywithmyparents四宾语从句的时态：1.当主句的谓语动词是现在时态和将来时态时，从句用任何时态2.当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时，从句需用相应的过去时态3．当从句说明客观事实、真理时，无论主句什么时态，从句都是一般现在时五宾语从句的注意事项：1.当主句的主语是IWe时，谓语动词为thinkbelieveguessimaginesuppose等词时，其后的宾语从句否定应转移在主句上。（其实从句是否定句）egIdonotthinktheanswertothepuestionisright。2.变反意疑问句时，主句的主语是IWe时随从句变，其他词做主语时，随主句变。宾语从句练习1.Myfriendwantedtoknow___withhisnewcar.AwhatwrongisBwhatiswrongCwhatwrongwasDwhatwaswrong2.Idon’tknow___theycouldpasstheexamornot.AwhyBwhenCthatDwhether3.---Haveyoudecided___thechildreninthepoorarea?----Bysendingthembooksandschoolbags.AhowyouwillhelpBwhatyouwillgiveCwhenwillyoucallDhowmuchwillyousend4.Excuseme.butmayIaskyou___?AwhatbusinessareyouinBwhatbusinessyou’reinCinwhatbusinessareyouDareyouinwhatbusiness5.Theshopassistantsaidheknew___AwheredoesthemanagerliveBwherethemanagerlivesCwheredidthemanagerliveDwherethemanagerlived6.Heisanunpleasantman.Idon’tunderstand___shemarriedhim.AwhetherBifCwhyDhow7.---Doyouthink___heshouldgotothemusicclubornot?---Sorry,Ihavenoidea.AthatBwhatCwhenDwhether8.---Alice,Ihearthereisanewlibraryinyourcity.Couldyoutellme___?---Sure.AhowfarisitBhowIcangetthereCwhereisitDwhichbusshouldItake9.---Guess___Ididyesterday!---Ithinkyouwenttoaparty.AwhereBwhenCwhatDwhich10.I’mnewhere.Couldyoupleasetellme___?AwhatisthebuildingusedforBwhendoesthefirstclassbeginCwhereisthedininghallDhowmanyclassesourschoolhas11.Hetoldmethathe___acoldforthreedays.AhasBhadcaughtChadhadDhashad12.Iknewthatthesun___intheeastwhenIwasveryyoung.AwillriseBroseCriseDrises13---Doyouknow___hecouldpasstheexam?---Sorry,I’venoidea.AthatBwhetherCwhatDwhich14.I’dliketoknow____.AwhetherornotwillhecomeBwhetherornothewillcomeCifornothewillcomeDifornotwillhecome15.Theyaskedme____duringtheMayDayholidays.AwherehadIgoneBwhereIhadgoneCwherehadIbeenDwhereIhadbeen16.---WecanuseMSNtotalkwitheachotherontheIInternet.---Really?Willyoupleaseshowme____?AhowcanIuseBhowIcanuseChowcanIuseitDhowIcanuseit17.---Canyouguess___theMP5playeryesterday?---Sorry,I’venoideaaboutit.AhowmuchdidhepayforBhowcanhegetChowmuchhepaidforDhowhehasgot18.Bob,canyoutellus___bysayingthat?AwhatdoyoumeanBwhatyoumeanCyoumeanwhatDwhatdidyoumean19Iwantedtoknow____AwhatisthematterwithhimBwhatthematteriswithhimCwhatwasthematterwithhimDwhatthematterwaswithhim20.Theboyaskedhismother___hecouldbuyanotherpairofshoes.AifBwhatCwhoDthat答案:1---5DDABD6---10CDBCD11---15CDBBD16---20DCBCA