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一、中考英语阅读理解汇编1．阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Freshgreengrass,Hundredsofcolorfulwildflowers.Waterrunningintolittlepools.Birdsmakingtheirhomesinboxes.The9,500-square-metreAugustenborgBotanicalGardenmaylookjustlikeanyotherwell-organizedparkbutthere'sadifference.Itliesontheroofs（屋顶）ofindustrialandofficebuildingsinthecityofMalmoinSweden.Greenroofsarenotanewinvention.Andnowtheyaregettingpopularagain.Thecommonroofsofamoderncityhaveendlessblacksurfaceswithnolifeorwater.Perhapsthat'swhyagardenonaroofbecomessuchaperfectchoiceformoreandmorepeople.Greenroofsarenotjustpretty.Theyalsohelptomoderatethecitytemperature.Thehightemperaturesoncommonroofsinthesummercanmaketopfloorflatsuncomfortablyhot.Whatismore,theyplayapartinmakingthecitieshotterthanthecountrysidearoundthem,causingtheurbanheat-islandeffect.Onagreenroof,however,withitsplantsandwater,temperatureschangeonlyalittle,astheydoinapark.Thiscangreatlycutthecostsofheatingandcoolinginthebuildingbelow.Also,agreenrooftakesinrainwater,andprotectsthecitydrainage（排水）system.▲Andsmallanimalsandbirdscanmaketheirhomesonit.Thankstothis,thecitymaybecomepartofnature,ratherthansomethingcompletelyseparatefromit.Whilethecostofbuildingsucharoofcanstillbehigher,itcanbecheaperinthelongtermasaresultofenergysavings.Andwouldn'titbewonderfultobeabletowalkoutintoagardenhighabovethecity'snoiseandtraffic,whetheryou'reatschoolorinanofficeorjustathomeinaten-floorblock?（1）WiththeexampleofAugustenborgBotanicalGarden,thewriterwantstoexplain________.A.howwildlifeisprotectedB.whatagreenroofislikeC.howtoorganizeagoodparkD.whattodowithaspareroof（2）TheunderlinedwordmoderateinParagraph3istheclosestinmeaningto________.A.raiseB.checkC.recordD.control（3）WhichofthefollowingisthebestsentencetofillintheblankinParagraph4?A.Agreenroofisalive.B.Agreenroofstopspollution.C.Acommonroofisnoisy.D.Acommonroofincreasesthecost.（4）Thepurposeofthepassageisto________.A.discovertheproblemswithgreenroofsB.introducethechangeofgreenroofsC.showtheamazingbeautyofgreenroofsD.describetheadvantagesofgreenroofs【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了绿色屋顶的优点。（1）理解归纳题。根据文中的语句The9,500-square-metreAugustenborgBotanicalGardenmaylookjustlikeanyotherwell-organizedparkbutthere'sadifference.Itliesontheroofs（屋顶）ofindustrialandofficebuildingsinthecityofMalmoinSweden.理解可知，介绍AugustenborgBotanicalGarden的主要目的就是介绍绿色屋顶是什么样子的，故选B。（2）词义理解题。根据文中的语句Theyalsohelptomoderatethecitytemperature.Thehightemperaturesoncommonroofsinthesummercanmaketopfloorflatsuncomfortablyhot.理解可知，绿色屋顶可以控制城市的温度，故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Andsmallanimalsandbirdscanmaketheirhomesonit.Thankstothis,thecitymaybecomepartofnature,ratherthansomethingcompletelyseparatefromit.可知，绿色屋顶充满了生机，故选A。（4）主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了绿色屋顶的优点，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。2．阅读理解HISTORYofHotDogThe1600sAGermancalledJohannGeorghehnercreatedthedachshundsausage.DachshundisaGermansmalllongthindog.The1860sTheveryfirsthotdog-thedachshundsausageinaroll-wassoldbyGermansinNewYork.ItbecamepopularintheUSlater.1871CharlesFeltman,aGerman,startedthefirstConeyIslandhotdogstand.Itmadehotdogsknowntomorepeople.1893ChrisVonDerAhestartedtheAmericantraditionofeatinghotdogsatbaseballparks,HOTDOGFUNFACTSWorldrecordforeatinghotdogs:73intenminutes.Hotdogswereoneofthefirstfoodseatenonthemoon!About150millionhotdogsareeatenbyAmericanseachJuly4th.makinghotdogsmorepopular.1901ANewYorkcartoonist.TadDorgan,sawtheredhotdachshundsausagessoldonstreets.Hewantedtodrawapictureofit,buthewasn'tsurehowtospelldachshund,sohesimplywrote:HotDog.ItiswidelybelievedhowHotDoghaditsname.1949.Thefirstvegetarianhotdogscameout.About21millionhotdogsweresoldatAmericanbaseballparksin2010.NewYorkerseatmorehotdogsthananyothercitypopulationintheUS.（1）Americansstartedthetraditionofeatinghotdogsatbaseballparksin__________.A.1871B.1893C.1901D.1949（2）It'sbelievedthatthenameHotDogwascreatedby____________.A.TadDorganB.CharlesFeltmanC.ChrisVonDerAheD.JohannGeorghehner（3）Whatcanweknowabouthotdogsfromthepassage?A.NewyorkerslikeeatinghotdogsmostintheWorld.B.Germanseatabout150millionhotdogseachJuly4thC.Aworldrecordsayssomeoneate73hotdogsin10minutes.D.About21millionhotdogsweresoldinAmericainthe1860s.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A【解析】【分析】本文介绍了热狗的历史。（1）细节题。根据1893ChrisVonDerAhestartedtheAmericantraditionofeatinghotdogsatbaseballparks,makinghotdogsmorepopular，可知美国人在1893年开始了在棒球场吃热狗的传统，故选B。（2）推理题。根据sohesimplywrote:HotDog.ItiswidelybelievedhowHotDoghaditsname.所以他简单地写道：热狗”。人们普遍认为热狗是如何得名的，可知人们相信“热狗”这个名字是由ChrisVonDerAhe创造的，故选C。（3）推理题。根据YorkerseatmorehotdogsthananyothercitypopulationintheUS纽约人吃的热狗比美国任何其他城市人口都多，可知纽约人最喜欢吃热狗，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。3．阅读理解Billwasaboyof15.Hisparentswentgambling（赌博）alldayandallnight.Nobodycaredabouthim.Hecouldn'tpasstheexams.Sohisteachersdidn'tlikehim,neitherdidhisclassmatesplaywithhim.Billoftensleptinclassbecausehisheartwasnotinschool.Healmostgavehimselfup.Oneday,MissJones,anewteacher,cametoBill'sclass.Shewasalovingandbeautifulwoman.Billwasinlove!Forthefirsttimeinhisyounglife,hecouldn'ttakehiseyes