威尼斯商人-英语版

《威尼斯商人》（英文：TheMerchantofVenice）又名《威尼斯的犹太人》是莎士比亚的喜剧作品。可能写于1596年至1598年，出版于1600年，首演于1598年。而它也是最早在中国演出的莎剧(1913年)。①Englishpoet、playwriter、dramatist.②tragediesandcomediesandhistoriesWilliamShakespear莎士比亚（英国）1564—1616年简介：TheMerchantofVeniceistheimportantearlyworksofShakespeare，isacomedywithagreatsatirical。It’sabouttomakein1596~1597《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚早期的重要作品，是一部具有极大讽刺性的喜剧。大约作于1596~1597年。Playpraisesoflove,friendshipandlove,butalsoreflectstheearlycommercialcapitalism,thecontradictionbetweenthebourgeoisieandtheusurer,theperformanceoftheauthorofbourgeoissociety,money,legalandreligiousissuesofHumanism.Thisplaysanimportantliteraryachievement,themercenaryisshapedShylock,thetypicalimageofaruthlessloanshark.剧本歌颂仁爱、友谊和爱情，同时也反映了资本主义早期商业资产阶级与高利贷者之间的矛盾，表现了作者对资产阶级社会中金钱、法律和宗教等问题的人文主义思想。这部剧作的一个重要文学成就，就是塑造了夏洛克这一惟利是图、冷酷无情的高利贷者的典型形象。ThemaincharactersMaincharacters:Antonio–amerchantofVeniceBassanio–Antonio‘sfriend;suitor（求婚者）toPortiaPortia–arichheiressShylock–arichJew,moneylender,fatherofJessicaJessica–daughterofShylock,Lorenzo'sgirlfriendLorenzo–friendofAntonioandBassanio,inlovewithJessicaNerissa–Portia'swaitingmaid-inlovewithGratianoGratiano-BassanioandAntonio‘sfriendThemaincharacters安东尼奥(Antonio)：威尼斯的大商人，他经营海外贸易并拥有巨资，与落魄的贵族子弟巴萨尼奥结为生死之交，甚至不惜为他押下自己身上的一磅肉。巴萨尼奥(Bassanio)：将家产挥霍一空的落魄贵族，后娶波西亚。波西亚(Portia)：才貌双全的富家女嗣。夏洛克(Shylock)：以放高利贷致富的犹太人。洁西卡(Jessica)：夏洛克的女儿，后袭卷父亲财产与罗伦佐私奔。罗伦佐(Lorenzo)：安东尼奥与巴萨尼奥的朋友，洁西卡的情人。奈莉莎(Nerissa)：波西亚的贴身女侍。葛莱西安诺(Gratiano)：安东尼奥和巴萨尼奥之友，后娶奈莉莎。plotIn1596,intheliberalVenice,Bassanioasksforalargeamounttohisfriend,themerchantAntonio,totraveltoBelmont（贝尔蒙特，美国）andproposethegorgeousPortiaAntoniohasinvestedallhismoneyinhisshipsandborrowsfromtheusurerShylock,whoproposesanunusualbond:ifAntoniodoesnotpaythemoneywithoutanyinterestthreemonthslater,hemightreceiveonepoundofhisfleshinstead,athischoice.WhenShylock’sdaughterJessicarunawayfromhomewithallhismoneyandjewels,hebecomesfurious（狂怒的）.Meanwhile,theloadofAntoniosinkswiththreedifferentvessels（船只）andheisnotabletopayhisdebtswithShylock,andtheJewgoestocourtofVeniceclaimingtheexecution（实施）ofhisdeal.TosaveAntonio’slife,Portiaposingcounsel,sheagreedtoShylock'srequest,butdemandsapoundofmeatmustbecutbyjustapoundofflesh,nomoreandnoless,butarenotallowedtobleed.Shylockcannotbeperformedduetothelost,evilwithoutevenlosingtheproperty.AnalysisofmaincharactersShylockHeearnedalivingbyusurychargehighinterest,onthesurface,heismercenary,cunning,rvengeful,greedy,stubborn,andveryunpopularinthecity.However,ShylockisthemostvividandmemorablecharacterinTheMerchantofVenice,andthecharacterofShylockalsoreflectshumanityandhasalsobeenthesubjectofmuchcriticaldebateBeingapaganwholivesinChristiansocietyhehasstrongemotiononracialconstrictionandthepassionofraisingJewishpeople’sstatus.Livinginthissociety,hesufferstoomuchpublichumiliationandoppression.AntonioAntonioistherichmerchantofVeniceandgenerousinaidingneedypeople.Soheobtainsmuchgoodpraise.AntoniohatesShylockbeingselfish,curtly(草率的）,andoftenabuses（辱骂）him.AntonioshowshisaffectionstoBassanio.Throughouttheplay,AntoniooffersandriskseverythinghehasforBassanio–evenhisownlife–andneverregretsit.Oneoftheplay’sgreatironiesisthatAntonioendsupalone.Antonioisultimatelyleftoutside.Intheclearestsense,Antonioisexcludedfrommarriage,buthe’salsobeinganoutsiderinBassanio’slifeasafriend.ifalltheworldisastagewhereeverymanhashispart,thenAntonio’sroleissurelyasadone.PortiaAsawealthyounggirl,sheisresourcefulandhumorous;wealthyandbeautiful；gentleandtender;gracefulandfullofstratagems（策略）.SherepresentsthevirtuesthataretypicalforShakespeare’sheroines.Portianotonlyhasthefemaleself-consciousness,butalsounderstandsclearlywhatisthestatusandrolewomanobtainsinmalesociety.Toherhusband,sheisanangle:tenderandobedient.Butatthesametimesheknowsprofoundlythatmandislikeswomanwhoismoresensibleandpriorthanmenthemselves.SoshepretendedtobeajudgetohelpAntonioTheclimax(inthecourt)ShalockinsistedtakeonepoundfleshfromAntonioPortiashowedasajudgetoverdict(裁决）thecasePeoplearoundareangerandheartbrokenOnepoundfleshbutnoblood鲍西娅以仁慈方式结案照约执行处罚以三倍于本金的钱偿还只等着执行原约请外科医生为他堵住伤口约上没有这一条不准流一滴血，不准超过或不足一磅照约书上的三倍数目还不能接受其他赔偿把我的本钱还我履行原约不打这场官司了财产充公，性命听公爵发落夏洛克戏剧冲突设计巧妙步步得势节节败退（转折）ThemeMoneyisimportant,butinthisworldtherearemanythingsfarmoreimportantthanmoney,donotbefooledbythesurface.Inourreallives,youcannotbecauseofhissuperioranddiscriminationagainstanyperson,butalsotolearntodocolorvisiontolookatotherpeople;whilealsoasintelligentasPortia,donotbeintimidatedbyunexpecteddifficulties.Understandinghowtofacethedifficulties.金钱固然重要，可是在这个世界上有许多远远比金钱重要的东西，不要被表面的现象所迷惑；在我们现实的生活当中你不能因为自己的优越而歧视任何人,更要学会不用有色眼光去看待别人；同时也要像鲍西亚一样聪慧,不被突如其来的困难所吓倒。懂得怎么样的面对困难。Itisawisefatherthatknowshisownchild.知子之父为智Loveisblindandloverscannotseetheprettyfolliesthatthemselvescommit.爱情是盲目的，恋人们看不到自己做的傻事。Thequalityofmercyisnotstrained.慈悲不是出于勉强。Allthatglistersisnotgold.闪光的并不都是金子。1、英国戏剧家莎士比亚喜剧《威尼斯商人》中的夏洛克。2、法国剧作家莫里哀喜剧《悭吝人》中的阿巴贡。3、俄国小说家果戈里《死魂灵》中的泼留希金。4、法国小说家巴尔扎克《欧也妮·葛朗台》中的葛朗台。世界文学史“四大吝啬鬼”：