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A1名词性从句复习A2考纲解读从出题者的角度，就是要考察名词性从句中的语序以及引导词之间的区别。有时候，会结合插入语或名词与同位语隔开，或使句子结构复杂化等使得难度增加。其实，总的难度和变化都不大。但是从考生的角度来说，如果考生对句子结构掌握不过硬，对某些词或词组的用法不了解，就会容易造成和定语从句、状语从句的混淆，造成根本环节的误判而用其他从句的规则去解题。造成丢分。A3㈠名词性从句的种类名词性从句即由连接词引导、起名词作用的从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。⒈主语从句（在主句中作主语）Whowillwinthegameisnotknown.⒉宾语从句（在主句中作宾语）Nobodyknowswhowillwinthegame.⒊表语从句（在主句中作表语）Myquestioniswhowillwinthegame.⒋同位语从句（在主句中作同位语）Ihavenoideawhowillwinthegame.A4㈡名词性从句的连接词连接词即引导名词性从句的关联词，包括连词、连接代词、连接副词。连词：仅起连接作用，不作句子成分。连接代词：可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。连接副词：只作状语。A5⒈连词：引导从句但不作任何成分。⑴that—没有意义，引导主/宾/表/同位语从句。①Itissaidthattherewillbeapartytonight.②Theysay(that)therewillbeapartytonight.③Whyhefailedwasthathemadeavitalmistake.④Thekeythathesucceededliedinhishardwork.⑵if—是否，引导宾语从句，主语从句。whether—是否，引导主/宾/表/同位语从句。①Idoubtif/whetheryoucanpassthetest.②Whetherwe’llgocampingdependsontheweather.③Mydoubtiswhetheryoucanpassthetest.④Ihavenoideawhetheryoucanpassthetest.A6⑶asif/though—好像，似乎，引导表语从句。because—因为，引导表语从句。①Theoldladylooksasifshewereayounggirl.②Hisfailurewasbecausehedidn’tworkhardenough.⒉连接代词：引导从句并作从句的句子成分。⑴who—谁(主格)，用于人，作主/宾/表语。whom—谁(宾格)，用于人，仅作宾语。①Whowilldothejobhasn’tbeendecided.(主语)②Wouldyoutellmewho/whomyou’llvotefor?(宾语)③Canyoutellmewhotheprettygirlis?(表语)A7⑵whose—谁的，用于人，作表/定语。①Pleasetellmewhosethebikeis.(表语)②Idon’tknowwhosebikeitis.(定语)⑶which—哪个/些，用于人或物，作主/宾/表/定语。what—什么，用来指事物，作主/宾/表/定语。①Pleasetellmewhatsportyoulikebest.(定语)②Iwonderwhichofyoucansolvetheproblem.(主语)③I’dliketoknowwhatyourfatheris.(表语)⑷whoever作主/宾/表语whomever仅作宾语whichever作主/宾/表/定语whatever作主/宾/表/定语A8•Whateverhesaidwasright.•I’lltakewhoeverwantstogo.•Whicheverofyoucomesfirstwillreceiveaprize.•Youcangivethetickettowhomeveryoulike.A9⒊连接副词：引导从句并作从句的状语when—表示时间where—表示地点why—表示原因how—表示方式①Whenwe’llhaveameetingisnotdecided.②Idon’tknowwhereIcanbuysuchabook.③Whyhediditwillremainapuzzleforever.④Thequestionishowweshouldcarryouttheplan.A10注意：Whenever,however,wherever很少引导名词性从句，因为when，where，how本来都是副词性质的，相对而言whoever，whatever，whichever可以引导名词从句的.whenever一般引导时间状语从句和让步状语从句wherever一般引导地点状语从句和让步状语从句however引导让步状语从句eg.Whereverhegoesmakeshisparentsworry.(主语从句)A11如何选用连接词？用法规则:先根据从句的结构确定用哪种连接词，从句不缺成分用连词，缺主语、宾语、表语、定语用连接代词，缺状语用连接副词，再根据从句意思确定用哪个连词、连接代词或连接副词。用法口诀：根据结构定词类，根据意思再核对，不缺成分用连词，主宾表定用代词，状语必须用副词，词法成分要斟酌，具体该用哪一个，可依句意来定夺。A12一．主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。eg.1.ThatwemustmasterEnglishwordsasmanyaspossibleisveryimportant.2Itwasapitythatyoufailedintheexam.A13用it作形式主语的结构(1)It＋be＋名词(短语)(apity/ashame/asurprise/nowonder等)＋that从句eg.Itisapitythatyouhavemissedthewonderfullecture.(2)It+be+形容词(necessary/natural/wonderful/likely/strange/important/certain等)＋that从句eg.Itiswonderfulthatallofyouhavepassedthedifficultexam.(3)It+不及物动词＋that从句Itseemsthat…似乎…Ithappenedthat…碰巧…Itappearsthat…似乎…Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起……(4)It＋be+过去分词＋从句Itisreported/said/hoped/believedthat…Itissuggested/required/requested/ordered/demandedthat…A14【注意】在以下主语从句中，常使用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”形式，其中的should可以省略。①Itisnecessary/strange/important/natural/impossibleetc.＋that...②Itisapity/ashame/nowonderthat...③Itissuggested(建议)/requested/required/proposed/desired(要求)/demanded/insisted(坚决要求)/ordered＋that...A15主语从句中应注意的问题1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词。误：Thecollegewillgetinmorenewstudentsthisyearisture.正：Thatthecollegewillgetinmorenewstudentsthisyearisture.2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导.A16误：IfMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.正：WhetherMaryreallyheardhimisreallydoubtful.正：Itwasdoubtfulif/whetherMaryreallyheardhim.A17二．宾语从句宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。1.作动词的宾语(1)作及物动词的宾语。Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.Iwonderwhetheryoucanchangethisnoteforme.(2)动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如：Shetoldmethatshewouldacceptmyinvitation.2.作介词的宾语Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.A183.作形容词的宾语，例如：Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistake.注意：that引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious,aware,certain,confident,determined,glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,satisfied,content等。4.it可以作为形式宾语it不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾。.A19可运用it做形式宾语的结构有：①.动词make,find,think,feel,consider,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候，则需要用it做形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置，结构：S.+vt+it+adj./n.+that从句。Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.IfeelitapitythatIhaven'tbeentotheget-together.②.有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语从句前加it，这类动词主要是：hate,like,seeto(务必使)dependon(指望,相信)Ihateitwhentheyspeakwiththeirmouthsfulloffood.Youcandependonitthatsuchaboringthingwillneverhappenagain.A20宾语从句应注意的问题：1.由that引导的宾语从句，that通常可以省略,例如：Iheard(that)hejoinedthearmy.但在下面情况下，that不能省略。(1)当一个句子有两个或多个并列宾语从句时，引导第二个及其以后的宾语从句中的that不能省略。eg.Hesaidhewaswrongandthathewouldsaysorrytome.(2)当that作介词宾语时。eg.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothers.(3)由it作形式宾语时，that引导的宾语从句中，that不可省略。eg.Ithinkitimpossiblethathecanfinishthetaskinsuchashorttime.A212.Ifwhether都能引导宾语从句，但在下面情况下，只能用whether，不能用if。1.与ornot连用。Ididn’tknowwhetherhehadarrivedinBeijingornot.2.作介词宾语时。Ihaven’tsettledthequestionofwhetherI’llgobackhome.3.后接动词不定式时。Idon’tknowwhethertogototheparty.A223.宾语从句中否定的转移若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等，并且主句的主语为第一人称，用于一般现在时，其后的宾