基于单片机的数字电子秒表的设计与实现

沈阳理工大学应用技术学院毕业设计（论文）题目：基于单片机的数字电子秒表的设计与实现系别：信息工程系专业：自动化学生姓名：胡培指导教师：唐朝仁年月日I摘要近年来随着科技的飞速发展，单片机的应用正在不断的走向深入。本文阐述了基于单片机的数字电子秒表设计。本设计主要特点是计时精度达到0.001s，解决了传统的由于计时精度不够造成的误差和不公平性，是各种体育竞赛的必备设备之一。另外硬件部分设置了查看按键，可以对秒表上一次计时时间进行保存，供使用者查询。本设计的数字电子秒表系统采用AT89C52单片机为中心器件，利用其定时器/计数器定时和记数的原理，结合显示电路、LED数码管以及外部中断电路来设计计时器。将软、硬件有机地结合起来，使得系统能够实现五位LED显示，显示时间为0～99.999秒，计时精度为0.001秒，能正确地进行计时，同时能记录一次时间，并在下一次计时后对上一次计时时间进行查询。其中软件系统采用汇编语言编写程序，包括显示程序，定时中断服务，外部中断服务程序，延时程序等，并在WAVE中调试运行，硬件系统利用PROTEUS强大的功能来实现，简单切易于观察，在仿真中就可以观察到实际的工作状态。关键字：单片机；数字电子秒表；仿真IIAbstractWiththerapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinrecentyears,SCMapplicationsareconstant-depthmanner.Inthispaper,basedonsinglechipdesignofdigitalelectronicstopwatch.Themaincharacteristicsofthisdesigntimingaccuracyof0.001s,tosolvethetraditionalresultofalackaccuracyduetotimingerrorsandunfair,andisavarietyofsportscompetitions,oneoftheessentialequipment.InadditionthehardwarepartofthesetViewbuttononthestopwatchcanbethelasttimetosavetimeforuserqueries.Thedesignofthemulti-functionstopwatchsystemusesSTC89C52microcontrollerasthecentraldevice,anduseitstimer/countertimingandthecountprinciples,combinedwithdisplaycircuit,LEDdigitaltube,aswellastheexternalinterruptcircuittodesignatimer.Thesoftwareandhardwaretogetherorganically,allowingthesystemtoachievetwoLEDdisplayshowsthetimefrom0to99.999seconds,Timingaccuracyof0.001seconds,Beabletocorrectlytimeatthesametimetorecordatime,andthenexttimeafterthelasttimethetimetosearch.automaticallyaddedasecondinwhichsoftwaresystemsusingassemblylanguageprogramming,includingthedisplayprogram,timing,interruptservice,externalinterruptserviceroutine,delayprocedures,keyconsumershakingprocedures,andWAVEinthecommissioning,operation,hardwaresystemusestoachievePROTEUSpowerful,simpleandeasytoobservethecutinthesimulationcanbeobservedontheactualworkingcondition.Keyword：LEDdisplay；High-precisionstopwatch；STC89C52Ⅲ目录绪论.............................................................................................................................11硬件设计......................................................................................................................41.1总体方案的设计...............................................................................................41.2单片机的选择...................................................................................................51.3显示电路的选择与设计...................................................................................81.4按键电路的选择与设计.................................................................................111.5时钟电路的选择与设计.................................................................................121.6复位电路的选择与设计.................................................................................141.7系统总电路的设计.........................................................................................162软件设计....................................................................................................................192.1程序设计思想.................................................................................................192.2系统资源的分配.............................................................................................192.3主程序设计.....................................................................................................202.4中断程序设计.................................................................................................213数字电子秒表的安装与调试......................................................错误!未定义书签。3.1软件的仿真与调试...........................................................错误!未定义书签。3.2硬件的安装与调试...........................................................错误!未定义书签。3.3系统程序的烧录...............................................................错误!未定义书签。3.4数字电子秒表的精度调试...............................................错误!未定义书签。结论................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。致谢................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。参考文献..........................................................................................................................26附录A资料翻译............................................................................错误!未定义书签。A.1英文原文..........................................................................错误!未定义书签。A.2中文翻译........................................................................................................27附录B程序..................................................................................................................33附录C电路原理图......................................................................................................40附录D硬件实物图......................................................................................................41沈阳理工大学应用技术学院学士学位论文1绪论秒表计时器是电器制造，工业自动化控制、国防、实验室及科研单位理想的计时仪器，它广泛应用于各种继电器、电磁开关，控制器、延时器、定时器等的时间测试。奥运男子百米飞人大战中，牙买加飞人博尔特以9秒69的成绩夺得冠军。而博尔特冲过终点的瞬间，荧屏显示其成绩为9秒68。相差的这个0.01秒，系由电子计时系统确认。奥运会男子100米蝶泳决赛上，美国选手菲尔普斯以50秒58的成绩惊险夺冠，距离“八金梦想”仅一步之遥。塞尔维亚选手查维奇以50.59秒获得银牌，只比菲尔普斯慢