初中英语阅读能力培养校本课程

.........学习参考.初中英语阅读能力培养校本课程.........学习参考.昌乐外国语学校九年级一部葛文清高蕾第一章、初中英语阅读——文体【你知道吗？】英语阅读有不同的文体，而一篇文章的设题是受其文体限制的。所以，首先应该从文体角度来训练。初中阅读理解常用的体裁有：（一）故事类。初中生接触到的阅读材料大都是故事类。阅读故事类的材料，应该抓住人物线索、地点线索、时间线索和情节发展线索。特别注意的是，以上线索往往是并存的。因为情节的发展总是涉及到人物的变化、时间的推移、场景的变换等。而阅读材料后的阅读.........学习参考.理解往往会围绕这些内容设计一些事实类的理解题。凡事实类的理解题都可以从阅读材料的表层文字中找到答案。在阅读故事类短文时，应指导学生理解文章的深层含义，也就是它的主题。在此需要注意的是，现在的阅读理解题在测试事实类的理解题的同时，往往有一道推理类理解测试题．（二）科普类。科普类的阅读理解包含介绍科学知识、社会知识的短文。阅读这类短文时，要以事实为中心进行思考，抓住事物的特征、用途、相互关系等．如果是介绍社会现象的文章，要掌握所谈现象的内涵。（三）图表类。图表类短文是通过看图或表格等来了解某方面的情况。指导学生阅读这类材料时，主要从两方面入手；一是了解图表的主题，确定图表的主要内容，二是推敲本论文图画语言或数字，找出它们之间的关联或试图表达的含义。（四）新闻类。报刊阅读应逐步成为中学生阅读的一个重要内容。由于新闻报道强调遵循5个W和1个H的原则，学生在阅读时也要抓住这一点去理解。【答题技巧】1．记叙文—抓住人物，地点，时间，情节发展线索。2.说明文—要以事物为中心进行思考。抓住事物的特征，用途，相互关系等。【练一练】Intheearly1990s,theword“Internet”wasstrangetomostpeople.Buttoday,Internethasbecomeausefultoolforpeopleallovertheworld.MaybeInternethasbeenthegreatestinventioninthefieldofcommunicationinthehistoryofmankind（人类）CommunicatingwithothersontheInternetismuchfaster.Wecanchatwithapersonwhoissittingintheotherpartoftheworld.Wecane-mailourfriendsandtheycanreadthee-mailswithinaminute.GivingallkindsofinformationisprobablythebiggestadvantageoftheInternet.Wecanusesearchenginestofindtheinformationweneed.Justtypeinakeywordorkeywordsandthesearchenginewillgiveusalistofsuitablewebsitestolookat.WecanenjoyalotontheInternetbydownloadinggames,visitingchatroomsorsurfing（浏览）websites.Therearesomegamesforfree.Wecanmeetnewandinterestingpeopleinthechatnow.Wecanalsolistentomusicandseefilms.Now，thereisalotofserviceontheInternetsuchasonlinebanking,jobfindingandticketbuying.Wecanalsodoshoppingandfindnearlyallkindsofgoods.Sometimeswecanfindsomethingthatisquitegoodbutverycheap..........学习参考.1.HowmanymainadvantagesoftheInternetaretalkedaboutinthepassage?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.2.Whatfactdoesn’tthepassageprovide?21世纪教育网A.WecanfindalmostanythingwewanttoknowontheInternet.B.SomegamesontheInternetarefree.C.WecanbuymostthingsweneedontheInternet.D.GoodsontheInternetaremoreexpensivethanthoseinrealshops.3.Whichtitlebestgivesthemainideaofthepassage?A.OnlineShoppingB.ExchangingInformationontheInternetC.TheAdvantagesoftheInternetD.SurfingtheWebsitesontheInternet答案:BDC【讨论交流】以上阅读理解材料是什么题材？如何做这种类型的题目？【小组评价】你的表现怎么样？你明白了吗?第二章、初中英语阅读——教学大纲对阅读理解的要求【你知道吗？】初中英语教学大纲对学生阅读上的基本要求：1.能阅读难度相当于课文的材料，理解其大意。2.能独立阅读所学语言知识范围内的材料，生词率不超过3%。3.阅读速度要求每分钟50-70词。【答题技巧】1.快速浏览全文，掌握大意。2．仔细审题，分析比较选项。.........学习参考.3．带着问题复读，捕捉关键信息，解答问题。4．再读全文，核对答案。【练一练】PeopleoftensaythattheEnglishman’shomeishiscastle.Theymeanthatthehomeisveryimportantandpersonaltohim.MostpeopleinBritainliveinhousesratherthanflats,andmanypeopleowntheirhomes.Thismeansthattheycanmakethemindividual（个体的）;theycanpaintthem,andchangetheminanywaytheylike.Mosthouseshaveagarden,evenifitisaverysmallone,andthegardenisusuallyloved.Thehouseandthegardenaretheprivate（私人的）spaceoftheindividual.Peopleusuallyliketomarktheirspace.Areyousittingnowinyourhomeoronatrain?Haveyoumarkedthespacearoundyourselfasyour?Ifyouareonthetrainyoumayputyourcoatorsmallbagontheseatbesideyou.Ifyoushareaflatyoumayhaveonecornerorchairwhichisyourown.OnceIwastravellingonatraintoLondon.Iwasinasectionforfourpeopleandtherewasatablebetweenus.Themanonthespaceonmysideofthetableatall.Iwasangry.Maybehethoughtthatheownedthewholetable.Ihadreadabookaboutnon-verbalcommunication,soItookvariouspapersoutofmybagandputthemonhisbriefcase!WhenIdidthishestiffenedandhiseyesnearlypopped(瞪出)outofhishead.Ihadinvaded(侵犯)hisspace!AfewminuteslaterItookmypapersoffhiscaseinordertoreadthem.Heimmediatelymovedhiscasetohissideofthetable.Ofcourse,itispossiblethathejustwantedtobehelpfultome!Ifyouarevisitinganothercountryyoumayfeelthatyoudon’thaveanyprivatespace.Hotelroomslookmuchthesameineverycountryintheworld.Alldaylong,yousharepublicspaceswithotherpeople.Youseethelocalpeopleintheirprivatespacesandyoufeellonelyand“outside”.Localpeoplecancreatetheirprivatespacesbytalkingaboutthingsyoudon’tknowabout.Andyouevenfeelthattheylikeyoutobeoutsidethemsothattheywillenjoybeinginsideevenmore!Thisisoneofthedifficultiesofbeingatraveler!Butifyouunderstanditthenithelpsyou.Haven’tyouenjoyedbeingpartofagroupand“owning”abitofspace?1.ThewriterwasangryashewastravellingonatraintoLondonbecause______.A.hehadnoplacetosit..........学习参考.B.someonehadinvadedhis“space”C.toomanypeoplesharedasectionwithhimD.someotherpeopletalkedaboutthingshedidn’tknowabout2.“…youfeellonelyand‘outside’”inparagraph4meansthat_______.A.youarealoneoutsidethehouseB.youfeellonelybecauseyoutravelonyourownC.youarealoneandthereforeyougooutsidetohavesomefunD.youfeellonelyandyoudon’tbelongtothatplaceorthatgroupofpeople3.InParagraph4,thepronoun“them”refersto（所指）“___________”.A.publicspacesB.privatespacesC.localpeopleD.othercountries4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Britishpeopledislikemarkingtheirspace.B.Youalwaysfeelathomeinanothercountry.C.MostBritishpeoplepreferlivinginhousestoflats.D.Youcan’tmarkyourprivatespaceinaforeigncountry.5.Themainpurposeofthepassageistotellreadersto_______.A.ownprivatespacesbylivinginhousesB.haveone