职高英语被动语态

POWERPOINTthePassiveVoice表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的叫做被动语态。所谓“被动语态”,相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式,如：“他的自行车被偷了.”,“这座楼房是由他们建造的.”被动语态由助动词be+（及物动词）过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。1.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时被动结构：am/is/are+过去分词Hisbrotherwashesbowlseveryday.主谓宾(受动者)Bowlsarewashedbyhisbrothereveryday.Heridesthemotorbiketohisfactoryeveryday.Themotorbikeisriddentohisfactoryeveryday.WecallthesnowmanMr.Strong.ThesnowmaniscalledMr.Strong.2.Theyboughttencomputerslastterm．Tencomputerswerebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词Heboughtsomefruitsyesterday.Somefruitswereboughtyesterday.3．AmycantakegoodcareofGina．GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词Hemaycarrythebasketeasily.Thebasketmaybecarriedbyhimeasily.Ourstudentsmustn’tsmokecigarettes.Cigarettesmustn’tbesmokedbyourstudents.Theycansingsomebeautifulsongs.Somebeautifulsongscanbesungbythem.4.Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow．Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时被动结构：am/is/are+being+PPTheyareholdingasportsmeetingnow.Asportsmeetingisbeingheld(bythem)now.Theyareplayingvolleyballnow.Volleyballisbeingplayed(bythem)now5.Shewasinterviewingthefamousmanatthistimeyesterday.Thefamousmanwasbeinginterviewedbyheratthistimeyesterday.过去进行时被动结构：was/were+being+PPHewasplayingbasketballat8:00lastnight.Basketballwasbeingplayedat8:00lastnight.6.Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时被动结构：will+be+过去分词Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTomtomorrow.Thegirlwillfinishherhomeworkintwentyminutes.Herhomeworkwillbefinished(bythegirl)intwentyminutes.Theyaregoingtohaveaneveningpartytomorrow.Aneveningpartyisgoingtobehadtomorrow.is/am/aregoingto+be+pp7.Wehavemadetwentykeys．Twentykeyshavebeenmadebyus.现在完成时被动结构：have/has+been+过去分词Workershavebuiltthehousesincetwoyearsago.Thehousehasbeenbuiltsincetwoyearsago.各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般过去时：情态动词：一般将来时：现在进行时：现在完成时：过去进行时：S+am/is/are+P.PS+was/were+P.P.S+can/may/must/should+be+P.P.S+will+be+P.P.S+am/is/are+being+P.P.S+have/has+been+P.P.S+was/were+being+P.P.宾语提前主语变口诀原主变宾by后见时态人称be关键几种值得注意的被动语态变化带复合宾语的被动语态结构．（１）makesb.dosth.sb.bemadetodosth.MrGreenmadeJimdohishomeworkathome.JimwasmadetodohishomeworkbyMrGreenathome.watchlethavelistentohearseenoticelookat一感二听三使四看feel/hearlisten/makehavelet/lookseewatchnotice这十大动词在主动句中动词用原形，但在变为被动语态时必须加上toWeusuallyhearhimplayinthenextroom.Heisusuallyheardtoplayinthenextroom.Iwasgivenabookbyhim.(间宾作主）Hegavemeabook.(变被动）主语谓语间宾直宾Abookwasgiventomebyhim.2.带双宾语的被动结构Mymotherboughtmeabirthdaycake.主语谓语间宾直宾1.Iwasboughtabirthdaycakebymymother.2.Abirthdaycakewasboughtformebymymother.BobsentKatealetterlastyear.=KatewassentaletterbyBoblastyear.=AletterwassenttoKatebyBoblastyear.tellaskbringwritegiveteachpasslend…toHetoldJimastory.Mummademeanewdress.IwasmadeanewdressbyMum.AnewdresswasmadeformebyMum.makebuydraw…forIboughtmybrotherabook.带有双宾语的动词变为被动歌谣：原句若是双宾语，一变主来一保宾。间宾要把主语变，原来直宾还是宾。直宾要把主语变，间宾前加to或for。变为被动时，间宾前加to的带有双宾语的动词有：14个bring,teach,pass,hand,give,lend,refuse,leave,promise,tell,return,show,send,write.变为被动时，间宾前加for的带有双宾语的动词有：5个buy,get,do,pay,sing.2.look,sound,taste,smell等系动词用主动表被动意义。例：Itsmellswonderful.Mooncakestastedelicious.3.在beworthdoing中,doing表被动意义。例：Thisbookisworthreading.•4.want/need+doing=want/need+tobedone例：Mybikeneedsrepairing.•=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.•我的自行车需要修理。Exercises:一.选择填空:1.Windowsofglass.A.bemadeB.ismadeC.aremadeD.beenmade2.Thehousein2004.A.isbuiltB.isbuildingC.wasbuiltD.used3.Acoatcanforkeepingwarm.A.beusedB.isusedC.beenusedD.usedCCA4.Watches____Shanghai.A.aremadeinB.ismadeC.aremadefromD.made5.Thisdeskismade_____wood.A.ofB.fromC.inD.by6.Thethingsonshowwere____theolddays.A.usedB.usedtoC.usedforD.usedin7.Silk_____inHangzhouandSuzhouA.isproducedB.areproducedC.producedD.isproducesAADA1.Ifcitynoises____fromincreasing，people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner．A．arenotkept；willhavetoB．arenotkept；haveC．donotkeep；willhavetoD．donotkeep；haveto2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,____andperfectednow.A.developedB.havedevelopedC.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped3.---____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff．---Yes，italldependsontheweather．A．I'vebeentoldB．I'vetoldC．I'mtoldD．ItoldACA4.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___.A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted5.Rainforests___andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut6.Thenewbridge___bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned7.Whenpartofapencilisinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.wasbrokenD.hadbeenbrokenDCBC8.Greatchanges___inthecity,andalotoffactories___.A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetupB.havetakenplace;havebeensetupC.havetakenplace;havesetupD.weretakenplace;weresetup9.Thatsuit__over60dollars.A.hadcostedB.costedC.iscostedD.cost10.---Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.---What’stheprettysmallhousethat__for?A.isbeingbuiltB.hasbeenbuiltC.isbuiltD.isbuilding11.---Doyoulikethecloth?---Yes,it___verysoft.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfeltBDAC12.Itisdifficultforaforei